ubuntu的软件包格式为deb，而rpm格式的包归属于红帽子Red Hat。 由于项目一直用的vertica-9.3.1-4.x86_64.RHEL6.rpm，未进行其他版本适配，而官网又下载不到vertica-9.3.1-4.x86_64.deb，尝试通过alian命令将rpm转成deb，但是安装失败，最后只能从别人的网盘里下载并安装了vertica_10.0.0-0_amd64.deb。
安装前准备
系统环境准备
操作系统主机命名
hostnamectl set-hostname vertica01配置/etc/host
配置/etc/hosts，具体命令如下：
cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts_bak_`date +%F`
cat >>/etc/hosts<<EOF
172.19.146.183 vertica01
EOF--验证
ping vertica01卸载已安装的vertica版本
--查看已安装的vertica版本
root@vertica01:/topsoft/soft# dpkg -l | grep vertica
ii vertica 9.3.1-5 amd64 Vertica High Performance Database--卸载
dpkg -r vertica上传介质
上传vertica_10.0.0-0_amd64.deb安装包至/opt
百度云：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/16RmeIrbQdxXlF4wQgsw82Q
提取码：tyhj
安装依赖包
若在线包里没有，在https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/bionic/下载相应的依赖包然后dpkg -i安装
apt-get install openssh-server #若已安装跳过
apt-get install which #不安装也没事
apt-get install dialog #若在线安装显示没有该包则下载
apt install rasdaemon
apt install sysstatdpkg -i dialog_1.3-20171209-1_amd64.deb--查看已安装安装包
root@vertica01:/topsoft/soft# dpkg -l | grep openssh
ii openssh-client 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 amd64 secure shell (SSH) client, for secure access to remote machines
ii openssh-server 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 amd64 secure shell (SSH) server, for secure access from remote machines
ii openssh-sftp-server 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3 amd64 secure shell (SSH) sftp server module, for SFTP access from remote machines配置ntp服务
18.04依赖包下载地址：https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/bionic/
--在线安装
apt install ntp---离线安装
dpkg -i libopts25_5.18.12-4_amd64.deb
dpkg -i ntp_4.2.8p10+dfsg-5ubuntu7_amd64.deb 默认一路回车--查看状态
systemctl status ntp 修改磁盘调度
查看磁盘调度
cat /sys/block/vda/queue/scheduler修改 GRUB 的配置文件，重启生效
vi /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" 修改为
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash elevator=deadline"修改磁盘预读
--修改磁盘预读
/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/vgdb/lvdb--查看磁盘预读
/sbin/blockdev --getra /dev/vgdb/lvdb防火墙配置
默认防火墙是关闭状态
sudo ufw disable #禁用如果启用防火墙需进行如下配置：
如果数据库端口和ssh端口不是3306和22，需视情况更改
sudo ufw enable #开启防火墙
sudo ufw allow 5433/tcp #仅tcp
sudo ufw allow 22/tcp #仅tcp关闭selinux
Ubuntu 默认未安装SELinux，省略设置。
root@HKSZF-ZW-172-19-146-175:/etc/selinux# getenforce
Command 'getenforce' not found, but can be installed with:
apt install selinux-utils修改内核参数
echo 'vm.swappiness=0' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p设置dbadmin用户的环境限制参数
cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf_bak_`date %F`
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << "EOF"
#add by vertica
dbadmin soft nproc 65536
dbadmin hard nproc 65536
dbadmin soft nofile 65536
dbadmin hard nofile 65536
dbadmin soft stack 65536
dbadmin hard stack 65536
EOF加入开机启动
ubuntu18.04不再使用 inited 管理系统，改用 systemd，但是可以自己配置rc.local
1.实现原理
systemd 默认会读取 /etc/systemd/system 下的配置文件，该目录下的文件会链接 /lib/systemd/system/ 下的文件。一般系统安装完 /lib/systemd/system/ 下会有 rc-local.service 文件，即需要的配置文件。
2.将 /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service 链接到 /etc/systemd/system/ 目录下面
ln -fs /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service修改文件内容
sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service在文件末尾增加
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service创建/etc/rc.local文件
sudo touch /etc/rc.local编辑/etc/rc.local文件
把以下模块加载为开机启动，如下
echo '
echo deadline > /sys/block/vda/queue/scheduler
/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/sda
' >> /etc/rc.local
chmod +x /etc/rc.local原文链接：ubuntu18.04中没有/etc/rc.local文件的解决方法_ubuntu rc.local 位置-CSDN博客
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf_bak_`date +%F`
echo "vm.swappiness = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf #1：尽可能不用swap分区 0：尽可能不用swap分区
echo "fs.file-max = 65536" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "vm.min_free_kbytes=4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
加上下面三行，sda切换为实际的，可以df -hT看下挂载的硬盘
echo deadline > /sys/block/vda/queue/scheduler
echo deadline > /dev/sda
/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/vda
sed -i '/^#LoginGraceTime/c LoginGraceTime 0' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
配置离线本地仓库
上传ubuntu-18.04.5-server-amd64.iso至/root
1、查操作系统版本
root@ubuntu:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS
Release: 18.04
Codename: bionic2、原文件备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak_`date +%F`3、挂载
--创建挂载目录
mkdir -p /media/cdrom--挂载至/media/cdrom
mount -t iso9660 -o loop /root/ubuntu-18.04.5-server-amd64.iso /media/cdrom--向source.list中添加一个新的光盘源文件
apt-cdrom -m -d /media/cdrom add--更新软件源
apt-get update创建用户
--创建用户组
sudo groupadd -g 1006 verticadba--创建新用户
useradd -u 1006 dbadmin -s /bin/bash -g verticadba -G verticadba--更改密码
sudo passwd dbadmin参数说明：
-r：建立系统账号
-m：自动建立用户的登入目录
-s：指定用户登入后所使用的shell创建目录
mkdir -p /topsoft/vertica
chown -R dbadmin:verticadba /topsoft/vertica
chown -R dbadmin:verticadba /home/dbadmin/设置时区
echo "export TZ=Asia/Shanghai" >> //home/dbadmin/.bashrc安装vertica软件
--安装vertica软件
/opt/vertica/sbin/install_vertica --failure-threshold NONE --host 192.168.40.190 -u dbadmin -l /home/dbadmin -d /home/dbadmin参数说明：
--data-dir DIR, -d DIR
--failure-threshold {HINT,WARN,FAIL,HALT,NONE}Stop installation for any failures of this severity orworse (default: WARN)--dba-user-home DIR, -l DIRThe DBA system user home. (default: /home/<DBA>)--dba-user USER, -u USERThe DBA system user name. (default: dbadmin)--hosts HOST,HOST..., -s HOST,HOST...A comma-separated list of hosts to install or update--rpm FILE, -r FILE, --deb FILEThe software package to install. Either an RPM orDebian package.详细过程如下：
root@ubuntu:/etc/apt# /opt/vertica/sbin/install_vertica --failure-threshold NONE --host 192.168.40.190 -u dbadmin -l /home/dbadmin -d /home/dbadmin
Vertica Analytic Database 10.0.0-0 Installation Tool>> Validating options...Mapping hostnames in --hosts (-s) to addresses...>> Starting installation tasks.
>> Getting system information for cluster (this may take a while)...Default shell on nodes:
192.168.40.190 /bin/bash>> Validating software versions (rpm or deb)...>> Beginning new cluster creation...successfully backed up admintools.conf on 192.168.40.190 >> Creating or validating DB Admin user/group...Successful on hosts (1): 192.168.40.190Provided DB Admin account details: user = dbadmin, group = verticadba, home = /home/dbadminCreating group... Group already existsValidating group... OkayCreating user... User already existsValidating user... Okay>> Validating node and cluster prerequisites...Skipping prerequiste checks because no hosts are being added>> Establishing DB Admin SSH connectivity...Installing/Repairing SSH keys for dbadmin>> Setting up each node and modifying cluster...Creating Vertica Data Directory...Updating agent...>> Sending new cluster configuration to all nodes...Starting or restarting agent...>> Completing installation...Running upgrade logic
Installation complete.Please evaluate your hardware using Vertica's validation tools:https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=VALSCRIPTTo create a database:1. Logout and login as dbadmin. (see note below)2. Run /opt/vertica/bin/adminTools as dbadmin3. Select Create Database from the Configuration MenuNote: Installation may have made configuration changes to dbadminthat do not take effect until the next session (logout and login).To add or remove hosts, select Cluster Management from the Advanced Menu.创建数据库
su - dbadmin
/opt/vertica/bin/adminTools(1)提示输入License File Path时，因为社区版是免费的，按Tab键选中“OK”，回车
(2)Accept EULA，按空格键选中Accept，回车
(3)按上下键选择Configuration Menu，回车
(4)选择Create Database，回车
(5)输入Database Name
(6)输入密码和确认密码
(7)选择主机IP，因为是单节点安装，直接选择默认的那个IP
(8)确认数据实例安装目录，根据自己喜好，或者直接用默认的/home/dbadmin
开机自启
[dbadmin@localhost ~]$ /opt/vertica/bin/adminToolsConfiguration Menu–>Set Restart Policy，按空格键选中创建的数据库，选中always，OK
问题处理
HINT的错误可以忽略，FAIL的错误必须处理。
执行上一步后若出现如下错误（提示有错误的话一定要把FAIL的地方解决）：
Prerequisites not fully met during local (OS) configuration for
verify-192.168.40.190.xml:Fail : User shell is not bash (found /bin/sh)Hint : Alter system user with usermodHelp : https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0240HINT (S0231): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0231HINT(eS0231): dbadmin user ('dbadmin') primary group is not verticadba 111('verticadba')
解决办法：
root@ubuntu:/etc/apt# usermod -g verticadba -G verticadba dbadmin
root@ubuntu:/etc/apt# id dbadmin
uid=1006(dbadmin) gid=1006(verticadba) groups=1006(verticadba)HINT (S0305): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0305HINT(eS0305): TZ is unset for dbadmin. Consider updating .profile or 111.bashrc
解决办法：
echo "export TZ=Asia/Shanghai" >> /home/dbadmin/.bash_profileHINT (S0041): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0041HINT(eS0041): Could not find the following tools normally provided bythe rasdaemon package: rasdaemon
解决办法：apt install rasdaemonHINT (S0040): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0040HINT(eS0040): Could not find the following tools normally provided bythe pstack or gstack package: pstack/gstack
解决办法：apt install pstackHINT (S0045): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0045HINT(eS0045): Could not find the following tools normally provided bythe sysstat package: iostat, mpstat
解决办法：apt install sysstatWARN (N0010): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=N0010WARN(eN0010): Linux iptables (firewall) has some non-trivial rules intables: filter
解决办法：sudo ufw disablesudo ufw statusWARN (S0112): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0112WARN(eS0112): vm.swappiness is higher than recommended: your 60 > 1
解决办法：
echo 'vm.swappiness=0' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -pFAIL (S0020): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0020FAIL(eS0020): Readahead size of (/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root) is toolow for typical systems: 256 < 2048
解决办法：/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root #修改磁盘预读/sbin/blockdev --getra /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root #查看磁盘预读FAIL (S0180): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0180FAIL(eS0180): Insufficient swap size. Need 2.00 GB, have 0.95 GB
更改swap大小FAIL (S0030): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0030FAIL(eS0030): ntp daemon process is not running: ['ntpd', 'ntp','chronyd']
配置ntpFAIL (S0020): https://www.vertica.com/docs/10.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=S0020FAIL(eS0020): Readahead size of (/dev/mapper/vgdb-lvdb) is too low fortypical systems: 256 < 2048
解决办法：/sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/mapper/vgdb-lvdb #修改磁盘预读/sbin/blockdev --getra /dev/mapper/vgdb-lvdb #查看磁盘预读
