前端秘法基础式(HTML)(第二卷)

一.表单标签

1.表单域

2.表单控件

2.1input标签

2.2label/select/textarea标签

2.3无语义标签

三.特殊字符

一.表单标签

用来完成与用户的交互,例如登录系统

1.表单域

<form>通过action属性,将用户填写的数据转交给服务器

2.表单控件

2.1input标签

type属性:text文本输入框

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>这是标题</title>
</head>
<body><!-- 这里是注释 --><form action = "">姓名<input type = "text"></form>
</body>
</html>

type = password

这种情况下对用户输入的数据具有加密效果

type = radio单选框

<body><!-- 这里是注释 --><form action = "">姓名<input type = "text"><br>密码<input type = "password"><br>性别<input type = "radio" name = "gender">男<input type = "radio" name = "gender">女</form>
</body>

附加相同的name属性,只能选择一个,当加入checked = "checked"则可以默认一个选项

type = checkbox复选框可以选择多个选项

 <form action = "">姓名<input type = "text"><br>密码<input type = "password"><br>性别<input type = "radio" name = "gender" checked = "checked">男<input type = "radio" name = "gender">女<br>爱好<input type = "checkbox">吃饭<input type = "checkbox">睡觉<input type = "checkbox">打豆豆</form>

type = button普通按钮(配合JS监听用户操作)

<form action = "">姓名<input type = "text"><br>密码<input type = "password"><br>性别<input type = "radio" name = "gender" checked = "checked">男<input type = "radio" name = "gender">女<br>爱好<input type = "checkbox">吃饭<input type = "checkbox">睡觉<input type = "checkbox">打豆豆<br><input type = "button" value="                     登录                     " onclick="alert('登录成功')"></form>

type = submit/reset提交/重置

<form action = "https://www.baidu.com/">姓名<input type = "text"><br>密码<input type = "password"><br><input type = "submit"><input type = "reset"></form>

2.2label/select/textarea标签

label标签通常搭配单选框使用,与单选框对应的文本内容进行绑定

select标签是下拉菜单框

textarea标签是可变化的文本框,超出默认行数就会出现滚动条

<form action = "https://www.baidu.com/">姓名<input type = "text"><br>密码<input type = "password"><br>性别<input type = "radio" name = "gender" id = "male"><label for="male">男</label><input type = "radio" name = "gender" id = "female"><label for="female">女</label><br>出生年份<select><option>--请选择出生年份--</option><option>2001</option><option>2002</option><option>2003</option><option>2004</option><option>2005</option></select><br>个人经历<br><textarea rows="2" cols="30"></textarea><br><input type = "submit"><input type = "reset"></form>

2.3无语义标签

有两种

div独占一行(可以替代<br>)

span不独占一行

<body><!-- 这里是注释 --><form action = "https://www.baidu.com/"><div>姓名<input type = "text"></div><div>密码<input type = "password"></div><div>性别<input type = "radio" name = "gender" id = "male"><label for="male">男</label><input type = "radio" name = "gender" id = "female"><label for="female">女</label></div><div>出生年份<select><option>--请选择出生年份--</option><option>2001</option><option>2002</option><option>2003</option><option>2004</option><option>2005</option></select></div><div>个人经历</div><div><textarea rows="2" cols="30"></textarea></div><div><input type = "submit"><input type = "reset"></div></form>
</body>