1.1、centos stream 9安装Kubernetes v1.30集群环境说明

最近正在学习kubernetes，买了一套《Kubernetes权威指南从Docker到Kubernetes实践全接触(第六版)》这本书讲得很好，上下两册，书中k8s的版本是V1.29，目前官网最新版本是v1.30。强烈建议大家买一套看看。

Kubernetes官网地址：Kubernetes

最近按照官网，搭建了Kubernetes v1.30版本的集群，来回弄了十多遍，最后整理一下具体步骤，方便以后自己查看。

1、版本说明：

笔记本电脑系统：Windows 11 专业工作站版
vagrant版本：v2.4.1
virtualBox版本：7.0.20
系统版本：centos stream 9
Kubernetes版本：最新版(v1.30)
docker版本：27.1.1

节点	主机名	ip
主节点	k8s-master	172.31.0.10
节点1	k8s-node1	172.31.0.11
节点2	k8s-node2	172.31.0.12

2、安装vagrant

vagrant官网下载地址：Install | Vagrant | HashiCorp Developer

这里我们下载Windows版的vagrant_2.4.1_windows_amd64.msi安装包，双击后进行安装：

勾选"I accept the terms in the License Agreement"，点击"Install"进行安装。

点击"Finish"，然后点击"Yes"重启电脑。

重启之后，我们的vagrant就可以使用了。

3、安装Virtualbox

Virtualbox下载地址：

下载VirtualBox-7.0.20-163906-Win.exehttps://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/7.0.20/VirtualBox-7.0.20-163906-Win.exe安装包。

然后进行安装：

virtualbox默认是安装在c盘，我不想安装在c盘，修改到了d盘，在安装过程中出现了下面的报错：

然后在打开cmd命令行，执行下面官网说的命令：

注意：命令中的D:\virtualbox换成自己virtualbox的安装路径。下面的命令一行一行地执行。

icacls D:\virtualbox /reset /t /c
icacls D:\virtualbox /inheritance:d /t /c
icacls D:\virtualbox /grant *S-1-5-32-545:(OI)(CI)(RX)
icacls D:\virtualbox /deny *S-1-5-32-545:(DE,WD,AD,WEA,WA)
icacls D:\virtualbox /grant *S-1-5-11:(OI)(CI)(RX)
icacls D:\virtualbox /deny *S-1-5-11:(DE,WD,AD,WEA,WA)

命令执行成功后继续接下来的步骤。

这样，virtualbox就安装完成了。安装完之后记得重启一下电脑。

然后，鼠标点击网络，右键选择属性。

点击更改适配器设置

看一下自己网络中virtualBox是哪个以太网，我的是以太网7。

然后，在cmd命令行中输入：

ipconfig

找到以太网适配器以太网 7 对应的 IPv4地址：

172.31.0.1

大家要记一下这个地址：172.31.0.1(这个是我的，记你们自己的哈。)，在接下来配置docker网络时会用到。

4、使用Vagrant快速安装Centos stream 9虚拟机，并自动在虚拟机中安装好Docker。

4.1、首先，在D盘创建一个vagrant的文件夹(可以自定义其他的目录)，然后在文件夹中创建名为centos_stream_9的文件夹。然后创建名为：Vagrantfile的文件。注意这个文件就叫这个名字不能更改。

Vagrant学习文档地址：Documentation | Vagrant | HashiCorp Developer

重要！！！这个文件内容可以不用改，直接用就行。具体看看其中1.9.2的笔记。

Vagrantfile的文件内容如下：

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|# The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.# For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at# https://docs.vagrantup.com.# Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for# boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.config.vm.box = "eurolinux-vagrant/centos-stream-9"config.vm.box_version = "9.0.45"# 虚拟机主机名称config.vm.hostname = "k8s-master"# 磁盘大小config.vm.disk :disk, name: "k8s-master", size: "40GB"# Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then# boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs# `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.# config.vm.box_check_update = false# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port# within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,# accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.# NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port# within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access# via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"# Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine# using a specific IP.# 指定虚拟机网络ip为：172.31.0.10config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "172.31.0.10"# Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.# Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on# your network.# config.vm.network "public_network", bridge: "Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX200 160MHz"# Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is# the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is# the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third# argument is a set of non-required options.# config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"# Disable the default share of the current code directory. Doing this# provides improved isolation between the vagrant box and your host# by making sure your Vagrantfile isn't accessible to the vagrant box.# If you use this you may want to enable additional shared subfolders as# shown above.# config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true# Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various# backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.# Example for VirtualBox:## config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|#   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine#   vb.gui = true##   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:#   vb.memory = "1024"# end# VirtaulBox相关配置config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|    vb.name = "k8s-master" # VirtualBox名称    vb.gui = true      # 启动机器时显示 VirtualBox GUI    vb.memory = "8192"  # 虚拟机存储大小，mb    vb.cpus = 1         # cpu 大小end# View the documentation for the provider you are using for more# information on available options.# Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as# Ansible, Chef, Docker, Puppet and Salt are also available. Please see the# documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL# 1、Docker安装# 1.1、卸载旧版本dockersudo yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine# 1.2、设置存储库sudo yum install -y yum-utilssudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo# 1.3、安装 Docker Enginesudo yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-pluginsudo systemctl enable dockersudo systemctl start docker# 1.4、禁用防火墙sudo systemctl stop firewalldsudo systemctl disable firewalld# 1.5、修改 SSH 配置sudo sed -i 's/^#*PasswordAuthentication .*/PasswordAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_configsudo sed -i 's/^#*PermitRootLogin .*/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config# 1.6、重启 SSH 服务sudo systemctl restart sshd.service# 1.7、修改 root 用户密码echo "root:1TdhblkFcdhx2a" | sudo chpasswd# 1.8、配置 Docker 镜像加速mkdir -p /etc/dockercat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF{"registry-mirrors": ["https://6kx4zyno.mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"],"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]}
EOF# 1.9、配置HTTP/HTTPS 网络代理 使用Docker的过程中，因为网络原因，通常需要使用 HTTP/HTTPS 代理来加速镜像拉取、构建和使用。# 为 dockerd 设置网络代理 "docker pull" 命令是由 dockerd 守护进程执行。而 dockerd 守护进程是由 systemd 管理。因此，如果需要在执行 "docker pull" 命令时使用 HTTP/HTTPS 代理，需要通过 systemd 配置。# 1.9.1、为 dockerd 创建配置文件夹。(mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d)# 1.9.2、为 dockerd 创建 HTTP/HTTPS 网络代理的配置文件，文件路径是 /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/http-proxy.conf 。并在该文件中添加相关环境变量。# 其中的172.31.0.1就是上面让大家记住的ipconfig输出的 以太网7 对应的IPv4地址。 7890这个端口是docker网络代理的端口，这个端口具体是多少可以查看我的另外一篇笔记，笔记地址：https://note.youdao.com/s/68ALaWKh# 弄不懂的话可以私聊我，我告你大家怎么弄。sudo sh -c 'mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d && \cat <<EOF > /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/http-proxy.conf
[Service]
Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://172.31.0.1:7890/"
Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=http://172.31.0.1:7890/"
Environment="NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1,.example.com"
EOF'sudo systemctl daemon-reloadsudo systemctl restart docker# 2、配置非root用户(Docker)执行docker命令时不使用sudo。# 2.1、创建名为 "Docker" 的用户sudo useradd Docker# 2.2、设置 "Docker" 用户的密码echo "Docker:1TdhblkFcdhx2a" | sudo chpasswd# 2.3、创建名为 "docker" 的组sudo groupadd docker# 2.4、将用户 "Docker" 添加到组 "docker"sudo gpasswd -a Docker docker# 2.5、重启dockersudo systemctl restart dockerSHELL
end

1.9.2的笔记学习之后继续下面的步骤：