文章目录
- 一. Postgresql 9.5以下版本
- 1.1 简单查询(缺陷：数组必须指定下标，不推荐)
- 1.1.1 模糊查询
- 1.1.2 等值匹配
- 1.1.3 时间搜索
- 1.1.4 在列表
- 1.1.5 包含
- 1.2 多层级JSONArray（推荐）
- 1.2.1 模糊查询
- 1.2.2 模糊查询 NOT
- 1.2.3 等值匹配
- 1.2.4 等值匹配 NOT
- 1.2.5 时间搜索
- 1.2.6 时间搜索 NOT
- 1.2.7 在列表
- 1.2.8 在列表 NOT
- 1.2.9 包含
- 1.2.10 包含 NOT
- 二. Postgresql 9.5和以上版本
- 2.1 模糊查询
- 2.2 等值匹配
- 2.3 时间搜索
- 2.4 在列表
- 2.5 包含
一. Postgresql 9.5以下版本
1.1 简单查询(缺陷：数组必须指定下标，不推荐)
1.1.1 模糊查询
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE "address" #>> '{0,name}' like '%bb%'
address字段是JSONArray类型，所以在路径中，使用数字索引来访问数组元素，从 0 开始计数。
1.1.2 等值匹配
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE "address" #>> '{0,name}' = 'bbb'
如果字段是int类型，后面需要添加::int
1.1.3 时间搜索
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE "address" #>> '{0,date}' BETWEEN '2023-08-13' AND '2023-08-17'
1.1.4 在列表
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE "address" #>> '{0,name}' IN ('bbb','ccc')
1.1.5 包含
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE "address" #> '{0,roles,0,roleUsers}' @> '["eee"]'
#>：获取在指定路径的 JSON 对象，路径不存在则返回空。返回类型是json(b)#>>：获取在指定路径的 JSON 对象，路径不存在则返回空。返回类型是text
1.2 多层级JSONArray（推荐）
如果表中有一个字段posts，数据结构为
[{"name": "aaa","ports": [{"port": 443,"nickname": "ggg","date": "2023-08-29","address": ["111", "222"]}, {"port": 80,"nickname": "fff","date": "2022-08-29","address": ["333", "444"]}]
}, {"name": "bbb","ports": [{"port": 2443,"nickname": "hhh","date": "2021-08-29","address": ["999"]}, {"port": 280,"nickname": "jjj","date": "2020-08-29","address": ["111111"]}]
}]
1.2.1 模糊查询
查询nickname like '%jj%'
可以看出有两层JSONArray结构
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1FROM jsonb_array_elements("ports") as arr1(obj1) CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(obj1->'ports') as arr2(obj2)WHERE (obj2->>'nickname') like '%gg%'
);
当该层级类型是数组就添加
CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(obj1->'ports') as arr2(obj2)
1.2.2 模糊查询 NOT
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1FROM jsonb_array_elements("ports") as arr1(obj1) CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(obj1->'ports') as arr2(obj2)WHERE (obj2->>'nickname') like '%gg%'
);
查的是另外三条数据源
1.2.3 等值匹配
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1FROM jsonb_array_elements("ports") as arr1(obj1) CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(obj1->'ports') as arr2(obj2)WHERE (obj2->>'port')::int = 80
);
如果是数字类型后面需要转换
::int，因为->>操作符的返回类型是text
1.2.4 等值匹配 NOT
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1FROM jsonb_array_elements("ports") as arr1(obj1) CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(obj1->'ports') as arr2(obj2)WHERE (obj2->>'port')::int = 80
);
查的是另外三条数据源
1.2.5 时间搜索
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1FROM jsonb_array_elements("ports") as arr1(obj1) CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(obj1->'ports') as arr2(obj2)WHERE (obj2->>'date') BETWEEN '2022-08-13' AND '2023-08-17'
);
1.2.6 时间搜索 NOT
查的是另外三条数据源
1.2.7 在列表
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1FROM jsonb_array_elements("ports") as arr1(obj1) CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(obj1->'ports') as arr2(obj2)WHERE (obj2->>'nickname') IN ('ggg','fff')
);
1.2.8 在列表 NOT
查的是另外三条数据源
1.2.9 包含
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1FROM jsonb_array_elements("ports") as arr1(obj1) CROSS JOIN jsonb_array_elements(obj1->'ports') as arr2(obj2)WHERE (obj2->'address') @> '["444"]'
);
此时使用的操作符是
->，返回值是jsonb类型
1.2.10 包含 NOT
查的是另外三条数据源
二. Postgresql 9.5和以上版本
也兼容上面的JSON查询
2.1 模糊查询
使用函数
jsonb_path_exists（可以指定JSON路径，如果是数组添加[*]）的正则查询达到模糊查询的效果
-- like '%ggg%'
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE jsonb_path_exists("ports", '$[*].ports[*].nickname ?(@ like_regex "g")')
-- 左模糊 like '%g'
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE jsonb_path_exists("ports", '$[*].ports[*].nickname ?(@ like_regex "g$")')
-- 右模糊 like 'g%'
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE jsonb_path_exists("ports", '$[*].ports[*].nickname ?(@ like_regex "^g")')
-- 等值匹配
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE jsonb_path_exists("ports", '$[*].ports[*].nickname ?(@ like_regex "^ggg$")')
同样支持
NOT
2.2 等值匹配
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE jsonb_path_exists("ports", '$[*].ports[*].nickname ?(@ == "fff")')
同样支持
NOT
2.3 时间搜索
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE jsonb_path_exists("ports", '$[*].ports[*].date ?(@ >= "2022-01-02" && @ <= "2023-08-02")')
同样支持
NOT
2.4 在列表
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE jsonb_path_exists("ports", '$[*].ports[*].nickname ?(@ == "ggg" || @ == "fff")')
同样支持
NOT
2.5 包含
和
等值匹配一样
SELECT * FROM "public"."tf_low_data_testUser" WHERE jsonb_path_exists("ports", '$[*].ports[*].address ?(@ == "222")')
同样支持
NOT
