Java编程技巧：文件上传、下载、预览

1、上传文件

1.1、代码

@PostMapping("/uploadFile")
public String uploadFile(MultipartFile file) {System.out.println("文件名称：" + file.getOriginalFilename());return "成功";
}@PostMapping("/uploadFile2")
public String uploadFile2(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file
) {System.out.println("文件名称：" + file.getOriginalFilename());return "成功";
}@PostMapping("/uploadFile3")
public String uploadFile3(@RequestPart("file") MultipartFile file
) {System.out.println("文件名称：" + file.getOriginalFilename());return "成功";
}// 发送文件的同时带上参数
@PostMapping("/uploadFile4")
public String uploadFile4(@RequestPart("file") MultipartFile file, // 可以换成“MultipartFile file”或者“@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file”@RequestParam("id") String id
) {System.out.println("文件名称：" + file.getOriginalFilename());System.out.println("id：" + id);return "成功";
}

1.2、postman测试截图

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2、下载resources目录中的模板文件

2.1、项目结构

假设resources目录下有一个pdf文件：用户数据导入模板.xlsx，然后我们来下载该文件

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2.2、代码

import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.MediaTypeFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;@RestController
public class TestController {@GetMapping("/downloadLocalFile")public void downloadLocalFile(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {String fileName = "用户数据导入模板.xlsx";Resource r = new ClassPathResource(fileName);try (FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(r.getFile());ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();) {response.setContentType("application/force-download");try {fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("utf-8"), "ISO-8859-1");} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);IOUtils.copyLarge(fileInputStream, outputStream);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

2.3、使用场景

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3、预览文件

3.1、项目结构

以resources下面的文件为例，展示预览文件的代码，这是从本地获取文件，当然也可以通过其他方式获取文件

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3.2、代码

import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.MediaTypeFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;@RestController
public class TestController {@GetMapping("/previewLocalFile")public void previewLocalFile(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {String fileName = "SQL必知必会（第5版）.pdf";Resource r = new ClassPathResource(fileName);try (FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(r.getFile());ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();) {// 区别点1：将“response.setContentType("application/force-download");”替换成下面内容response.setContentType(MediaTypeFactory.getMediaType(fileName).orElse(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM).toString());try {fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("utf-8"), "ISO-8859-1");} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}// 区别点2：预览是“filename”，下载是“attachment;filename=”response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "filename=" + fileName);IOUtils.copyLarge(fileInputStream, outputStream);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}