安全框架SpringSecurity-1(认证入门数据库授权)

一、Spring Security

①：什么是Spring Security

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式（注解）的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。它提供了一组可以在Spring应用上下文中配置的Bean，充分利用了Spring IoC，DI（控制反转Inversion of Control ,DI:Dependency Injection 依赖注入）和AOP（面向切面编程）功能，为应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制功能，减少了为企业系统安全控制编写大量重复代码的工作。

可以一句话来概括：SpringSecurity 是一个安全框架。

②：官方网址

https://spring.io/projects/spring-security/

中文网址：https://springdoc.cn/spring-security/servlet/authorization/authorize-http-requests.html

二、认证入门

①：安全入门项目

1.新建一个项目01_springsecurity

2.添加依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--spring security-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

3.创建3个controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/admin")
public class AdminController {@GetMapping("/query")public String queryInfo(){return "当前登录用户: admin";}
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentController {@GetMapping("/query")public String queryInfo(){return "当前登录用户: student";}
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/teacher")
public class TeacherController {@GetMapping("/query")public String queryInfo(){return "当前登录用户: teacher";}
}

4.启动程序

1.访问 http://localhost:8080/admin/query 会自动跳转到登录页面

框架生成的用户

用户名： user
密码：在启动项目时，生成的临时密码（98d61d12-378d-45ab-97b4-04241651ccd2）

2.登录成功

3.登出http://localhost:8080/logout

②：自定义用户名和密码

application.yaml中配置如下

spring:security:user:name: rootpassword: root

使用刚刚自定义的用户名和密码登录

③：多用户管理（基于内存）

1.创建配置类

/*** 用户详情服务接口** @author: Coke* @DateTime: 2023/11/07/20:48**/
@Configuration
public class MySecurityUserConfig {@Beanpublic UserDetailsService userDetailsService () {// 创建两个用户UserDetails zhangsan = User.builder().username("张三").password("123456").roles("student").build();UserDetails lisi = User.builder().username("李四").password("123456").roles("teacher").build();// 创建一个内存用户详细信息管理器InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();// 将两个用户放到 内存用户详细信息管理器中manager.createUser(zhangsan);manager.createUser(lisi);return manager;}/** 自定义用户 必须配置密码编辑器* NoOpPasswordEncoder（没有加密）* @DateTime: 2023/11/7 21:11** @return PasswordEncoder* @author: Coke*/@Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder () {return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();}
}

2.启动程序（使用配置类中的用户登录）

3.退出登录使用前面配置文件中的用户登录

结论：可以删除配置文件中的用户了

④：密码处理（加密）

前面的用户并没有真正加密

使用BCryptPasswordEncoder进行加密 (重新运行程序测试)

@Configuration
public class MySecurityUserConfig {@Beanpublic UserDetailsService userDetailsService () {// 创建两个用户UserDetails zhangsan = User.builder().username("张三").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("student").build();UserDetails lisi = User.builder().username("李四").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("teacher").build();// 创建一个内存用户详细信息管理器InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();// 将两个用户放到 内存用户详细信息管理器中manager.createUser(zhangsan);manager.createUser(lisi);return manager;}/** 自定义用户 必须配置密码编辑器* NoOpPasswordEncoder（没有加密）* @DateTime: 2023/11/7 21:11** @return PasswordEncoder* @author: Coke*/@Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder () {return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}
}

⑤：获取当前登录用户信息

1.创建CurrentLoginUserController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/getLogin")
public class CurrentLoginUserController {@GetMapping("/user1")public Authentication getUser1(Authentication authentication){return authentication;}@GetMapping("/user2")public Principal getUser2(Principal principal){return principal;}@GetMapping("/user3")public Principal getUser3(){// 通过安全上下文持有器获取安全上下文，再获取认证信息return SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();}
}

2.启动程序并登录

3.访问刚刚写的第一个controller的第一个接口

⑥：配置用户权限

    @Beanpublic UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){// 创建两个用户UserDetails user1 = User.builder().username("张三").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("student").authorities("student_delete", "student_add").build();UserDetails user2 = User.builder().username("李四").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).authorities("teacher_delete", "teacher_add").roles("teacher").build();// 创建一个内存用户详细信息管理器InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();// 将两个用户放到 内存用户详细信息管理器中manager.createUser(user1);manager.createUser(user2);return manager;}

在这里插入图片描述

1.登录 张三 这个用户然后查询用户信息

在这里插入图片描述

2.在登录李四 这个账户然后 查询用户信息

在这里插入图片描述

结论：权限和角色按照配置的顺序生效后者覆盖前者
问题：虽然有了权限但是并没对访问url生效

⑦：针对url进行授权

上面讲的实现了认证功能，但是受保护的资源是默认的，歌认所有认证（登录）用户均可以访问所有资源瓤不能根据实际情况进行角色管理，要实现授权功能，需重写WebSecurityConfigureAdapter中的一个configure方法

1.新建WebSecurityConfig类，重写configure(HttpSecurity http)方法

@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http.authorizeRequests() // 授权请求// 匹配路径url的写法有三种
//               .regexMatchers("/student/**")
//               .antMatchers("/student/**").mvcMatchers("/student/**") // 推荐这种， 匹配这个url// 判断 权限的五种
//               .hasAuthority( ) // 是否有单个权限
//               .access()
//               .hasRole() // 是否有单个角色
//               .hasAnyRole() // 是否有任意角色.hasAnyAuthority("student_add") // 拥有这个权限的用户可以访问 /student/** 这个url.mvcMatchers("/teacher/**") // 匹配url.hasAuthority("ROLE_teacher") //  拥有这个权限的用户可以访问 /teacher/** 这个url.anyRequest() // 任何请求.authenticated(); // 都需要登录，注意：没有配置mV℃匹配器的只要登录成功就可以访问http.formLogin().permitAll(); // 允许表单登录permit:允许}
}

在这里插入图片描述

⑧：针对方法进行授权

1.拷贝01_spring_security改名为02_spring_security
删除: AdminController和StudentController
新增: TeacherService、TeacherServiceImpl

在这里插入图片描述

`1. TeacherController`

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/teacher")
public class TeacherController {@Autowiredprivate TeacherService teacherService;@GetMapping("/add")public String add(){return teacherService.add();}@GetMapping("/delete")public String delete(){return teacherService.delete();}@GetMapping("/update")public String update(){return teacherService.update();}@GetMapping("/query")public String query(){return teacherService.query();}
}

`2.TeacherService`

public interface TeacherService {// 添加教师String add();// 删除教师String delete();// 修改教师String update();// 查询教师String query();
}

`3.TeacherServiceImpl`

@Service
@Slf4j
public class TeacherServiceImpl implements TeacherService {@Overridepublic String add() {log.info("添加教师成功!");return "添加教师成功!";}@Overridepublic String delete() {log.info("删除教师成功!");return "删除教师成功!";}@Overridepublic String update() {log.info("修改教师成功!");return "修改教师成功!";}@Overridepublic String query() {log.info("查询教师成功!");return "查询教师成功!";}
}

2.修改MySecurityUserConfig配置类

@Configuration
public class MySecurityUserConfig {@Beanpublic UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){// 创建两个用户UserDetails user1 = User.builder().username("张三").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("student") // 角色的前面加上 ROLE_ 就成了权限.build();UserDetails user2 = User.builder().username("李四").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).authorities("teacher:query") // 配置了教师的查询权限.build();UserDetails user3 = User.builder().username("admin").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).authorities("teacher:add","teacher:delete","teacher:update","teacher:query") // 配置了教师的增删改查权限.build();// 创建一个内存用户详细信息管理器InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();// 将两个用户放到 内存用户详细信息管理器中manager.createUser(user1);manager.createUser(user2);manager.createUser(user3);return manager;}/** 自定义用户 必须配置密码编辑器* NoOpPasswordEncoder（没有加密）* @DateTime: 2023/11/7 21:11** @return PasswordEncoder* @author: Coke*/@Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}
}

3.修改WebSecurityConfig配置类

加上启用全局方法安全注解 @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity

@Configuration
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true) // 开启全局方法安全，启用预授权注解和后授权注解
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated(); // 任何请求 都需要登录，注意：没有配置mV℃匹配器的只要登录成功就可以访问http.formLogin().permitAll(); // 放开登录页面}
}

4.修改TeacherServiceImpl类在方法上加上预授权注解

@Service
@Slf4j
public class TeacherServiceImpl implements TeacherService {@Override@PreAuthorize("hasAuthority('teacher:add')") // 预授权 // hasAuthority('teacher:add') 一个权限可访问public String add() {log.info("添加教师成功!");return "添加教师成功!";}@Override@PreAuthorize("hasAnyAuthority('teacher:delete')") // hasAnyAuthority('teacher:add','teacher:delete'...) 可以有多权限public String delete() {log.info("删除教师成功!");return "删除教师成功!";}@Override@PreAuthorize("hasAnyAuthority('teacher:update')")public String update() {log.info("修改教师成功!");return "修改教师成功!";}@Override@PreAuthorize("hasAnyAuthority('teacher:query')")public String query() {log.info("查询教师成功!");return "查询教师成功!";}
}

5.测试

`1.登录用户张三没有teacher的任何权限`

`2.登录用户李四有teacher的查询权限`

`3.登录用户 admin 有teacher的所有权限`

⑨：处理返回结果及自定义用户信息

1. 处理返回结果

1.拷贝02_spring_security改名为03_spring_security
新增: WebSecurityConfig、Response

在这里插入图片描述

`1.WebSecurityConfig`

package com.it.config;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.it.vo.Response;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutSuccessHandler;import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;/*** @Author: CaoYouGen* @DateTime: 2023/11/08/13:21* @注释: TODO**/
@Configuration
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true) // 开启全局方法安全，启用预授权注解和后授权注解
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {@Autowiredprivate ObjectMapper objectMapper; // 可以进行序列号（json）和反序列化@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated(); // 任何请求 都需要登录，注意：没有配置mV℃匹配器的只要登录成功就可以访问http.formLogin()// 配置登录成功的处理器.successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {@Overridepublic void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {String responseJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(Response.ok("登录成功!"));response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();writer.println(responseJson);writer.flush();}})// 配置登录失败的处理器.failureHandler(new AuthenticationFailureHandler() {@Overridepublic void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {String responseJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(Response.error(1,"登录失败!"));response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();writer.println(responseJson);writer.flush();}}).permitAll();// 配置退出成功处理器http.logout().logoutSuccessHandler(new LogoutSuccessHandler() {@Overridepublic void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {String responseJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(Response.ok("退出成功!"));response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();writer.println(responseJson);writer.flush();}});// 配置访问拒绝处理器http.exceptionHandling().accessDeniedHandler(new AccessDeniedHandler() {@Overridepublic void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException {String responseJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(Response.error(1,"您没有权限访问该资源!"));response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();writer.println(responseJson);writer.flush();}});}
}

`2.Response`

package com.it.vo;import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Response<T> {/*** 结果** @mock true*/private boolean success;/*** 状态码** @mock 200*/private int code;/*** 消息提示** @mock 操作成功*/private String msg;/*** 结果体** @mock null*/private T data;public Response() {}public Response(int code, Object status) {super();this.code = code;this.msg = status.toString();if (code == 1) {this.success = true;} else {this.success = false;}}public Response(int code, String status, T result) {super();this.code = code;this.msg = status;this.data = result;if (code == 1) {this.success = true;} else {this.success = false;}}public static Response<?> ok() {return new Response<>(1, "success");}public static <T> Response<T> ok(T t) {return new Response<T>(1, "success", t);}public static Response<?> error(String status) {return new Response<>(500, status);}public static Response<?> error(int code, String status) {return new Response<>(code, status);}
}

2.自定义用户信息

1.删除： MySecurityUserConfig
新增: SecurityUser、UserServiceImpl

在这里插入图片描述

`1.新增SecurityUser`

public class SecurityUser implements UserDetails {// 用户的权限@Overridepublic Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities () {return null;}@Overridepublic String getPassword () {return new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456");}@Overridepublic String getUsername () {return "张三";}// 判断帐号是否已经过期@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonExpired () {return true;}// 判断帐号是否已被锁定@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonLocked () {return true;}// 判断用户凭证是否已经过期@Overridepublic boolean isCredentialsNonExpired () {return true;}// 是否有效@Overridepublic boolean isEnabled () {return true;}
}

`2.新增UserServiceImpl`

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {@Overridepublic UserDetails loadUserByUsername (String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {// 判断用户名是否为空if (!StringUtils.hasText(username)) {throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名不存在!");}// 判断用户是否正确if (!username.equals("张三")) {throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名不正确！");}// 执行到这里 说明用户名不为空 并且 用户名正确return new SecurityUser();}
}

`3.修改WebSecurityConfig`（在该类中新增以下方法）

    @Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}

2.测试

使用李四这个用户登录

在这里插入图片描述

使用张三这个用户登录

在这里插入图片描述

登录成功后访问teacher/query 的资源
查看张三的权限

三、基于数据库认证

①：创建数据库和表

1.创建数据库（security_study）

在这里插入图片描述

2.创建表

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_menu
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_menu`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_menu`  (`id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '编号',`pid` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '父级编号',`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 COLLATE utf8mb3_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '名称',`code` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 COLLATE utf8mb3_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限编码',`type` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '0代表菜单1权限2 url',`delete_flag` tinyint NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '0代表未删除，1 代表已删除',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 10 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb3 COLLATE = utf8mb3_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_menu
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_menu` VALUES (1, 0, '学生管理', '/student/**', 0, 0);
INSERT INTO `sys_menu` VALUES (2, 1, '学生查询', 'student:query', 1, 0);
INSERT INTO `sys_menu` VALUES (3, 1, '学生添加', 'student:add', 1, 0);
INSERT INTO `sys_menu` VALUES (4, 1, '学生修改', 'student:update', 1, 0);
INSERT INTO `sys_menu` VALUES (5, 1, '学生删除', 'student:delete', 1, 0);
INSERT INTO `sys_menu` VALUES (6, 1, '导出学生信息', 'student:export', 1, 0);
INSERT INTO `sys_menu` VALUES (7, 0, '教师管理', '/teacher/**', 0, 0);
INSERT INTO `sys_menu` VALUES (9, 7, '教师查询', 'teacher:query', 1, 0);-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role`  (`id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '角色ID',`rolename` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 COLLATE utf8mb3_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色名称，英文名称',`remark` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 COLLATE utf8mb3_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 3 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb3 COLLATE = utf8mb3_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (1, 'ROLE_ADMIN', '管理员');
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (2, 'ROLE_TEACHER', '老师');
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (3, 'ROLE_STUDENT', '学生');-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_role_menu
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role_menu`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role_menu`  (`rid` int NOT NULL COMMENT '角色表的编号',`mid` int NOT NULL COMMENT '菜单表的编号',PRIMARY KEY (`mid`, `rid`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb3 COLLATE = utf8mb3_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_role_menu
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (1, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (3, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (2, 2);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (3, 2);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (1, 3);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (2, 3);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (1, 4);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (2, 4);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (1, 5);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (2, 5);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (3, 6);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (1, 9);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (2, 9);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (3, 9);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (1, 10);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_menu` VALUES (1, 17);-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_role_user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role_user`  (`uid` int NOT NULL COMMENT '用户编号',`rid` int NOT NULL COMMENT '角色编号',PRIMARY KEY (`uid`, `rid`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb3 COLLATE = utf8mb3_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_role_user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_role_user` VALUES (1, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_user` VALUES (2, 2);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_user` VALUES (3, 3);-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user`  (`user_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '编号',`username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 COLLATE utf8mb3_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '登陆名',`password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 COLLATE utf8mb3_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',`sex` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 COLLATE utf8mb3_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',`address` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb3 COLLATE utf8mb3_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',`enabled` int NULL DEFAULT 1 COMMENT '是否启动账户0禁用 1启用',`account_no_expired` int NULL DEFAULT 1 COMMENT '账户是否没有过期0已过期 1 正常',`credentials_no_expired` int NULL DEFAULT 1 COMMENT '密码是否没有过期0已过期 1 正常',`account_no_locked` int NULL DEFAULT 1 COMMENT '账户是否没有锁定0已锁定 1 正常',PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 3 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb3 COLLATE = utf8mb3_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES (1, 'obama', '$2a$10$KyXAnVcsrLaHMWpd3e2xhe6JmzBi.3AgMhteFq8t8kjxmwL8olEDq', '男', '武汉', 1, 1, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES (2, 'thomas', '$2a$10$KyXAnVcsrLaHMWpd3e2xhe6JmzBi.3AgMhteFq8t8kjxmwL8olEDq', '男', '北京', 1, 1, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES (3, 'eric', '$2a$10$KyXAnVcsrLaHMWpd3e2xhe6JmzBi.3AgMhteFq8t8kjxmwL8olEDq', '男', '成都', 1, 1, 1, 1);SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

执行完以上sql后一共创建了5张表

②：创建新的模块

1. 创建、引入依赖、添加配置

1.创建新的模块（04_spring_security）

在这里插入图片描述

2.引入依赖

        <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!--spring security--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.11</version></dependency><!--支持使用 JDBC 访问数据库 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.3.1</version></dependency><!-- mybatis-plus-generator --><dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId><version>3.3.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.2.16</version></dependency>

3.配置文件（数据库等配置信息）

server:port: 8099
spring:datasource:driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://您的ip地址:3306/security_study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghaiusername: rootpassword: 您的密码mybatis:mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xmlconfiguration:map-underscore-to-camel-case: true # 数据库中下划线 映射到实体类中大小写log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl # 输出sql语句

2.创建实体类与DAO

1.创建实体类 SysUser

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
public class SysUser implements Serializable {private Integer userId;private String username;private String password;private String sex;private String address;private Integer enabled;private Integer accountNoExpired;private Integer credentialsNoExpired;private Integer accountNoLocked;
}

2.创建MapperSysUseMapper

@Mapper
public interface SysUserMapper {/** 根据用户名获取用户信息* @DateTime: 2023/11/8 21:40** @param userName:* @return SysUser* @author: Coke*/SysUser getUserName (@Param ("userName") String userName);
}

3.创建SysUserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.it.mapper.SysUserMapper"><!-- 这里定义SQL语句 --><select id="getUserName" resultType="com.it.entity.SysUser">select user_id,username,password,sex,address,enabled,account_no_expired,credentials_no_expired,account_no_lockedfrom sys_userwhere username = #{userName}</select>
</mapper>

3.实现Service层

1.创建SysUserService

public interface SysUserService {/** 根据用户名获取用户信息* @DateTime: 2023/11/8 21:40** @param userName:* @return SysUser* @author: Coke*/SysUser getUserName (String userName);
}

2.创建实现了SysUserServiceImpl

@Service
@Slf4j
public class SysUserServiceImpl implements SysUserService {@Autowiredprivate SysUserMapper sysUserMapper;@Overridepublic SysUser getUserName (String userName) {return sysUserMapper.getUserName(userName);}
}

4. 创建安全用户与实现

1.创建SecurityUser

public class SecurityUser implements UserDetails {private final SysUser sysUser;public SecurityUser (SysUser sysUser) {this.sysUser = sysUser;}@Overridepublic Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities () {// todo 还没有配置权限return null;}@Overridepublic String getPassword () {return this.sysUser.getPassword();}@Overridepublic String getUsername () {return this.sysUser.getUsername();}@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonExpired () {return this.sysUser.getAccountNoExpired().equals(1);}@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonLocked () {return this.sysUser.getAccountNoLocked().equals(1);}@Overridepublic boolean isCredentialsNonExpired () {return this.sysUser.getCredentialsNoExpired().equals(1);}@Overridepublic boolean isEnabled () {return this.sysUser.getEnabled().equals(1);}
}

2.创建SecurityUserDetailsServiceImpl

在这里插入图片描述

@Service
public class SecurityUserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {@Autowiredprivate SysUserService sysUserService;@Overridepublic UserDetails loadUserByUsername (String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {SysUser sysUser = sysUserService.getUserName(username);// 判断对象是否为空if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(sysUser)){throw new UsernameNotFoundException("该用户不存在！");}// 判断用户是否可用if (!sysUser.getAccountNoExpired().equals(1)) {throw new UsernameNotFoundException("该账户已过期！");}return new SecurityUser(sysUser);}
}

5. 创建安全配置类与Controller层

1.创建安全配置类``

@Configuration
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
@Slf4j
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {// 对密码进行编码@Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}@Overrideprotected void configure (HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {// 任何请求 都需要登录，注意：没有配置mV℃匹配器的只要登录成功就可以访问http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated();http.formLogin().permitAll();}
}

2.新建三个ControllerStudentController TeacherController CurrentLoginUserController

StudentController

@RestController
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping ("/student")
public class StudentController {@GetMapping ("/query")public String queryInfo(){return "query student";}@GetMapping("/add")public String addInfo(){return "add  student!";}@GetMapping("/update")public String updateInfo(){return "update student";}@GetMapping("/delete")public String deleteInfo(){return "delete  student!";}@GetMapping("/export")public String exportInfo(){return "export  student!";}
}

TeacherController

@RestController
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping ("/teacher")
public class TeacherController {@GetMapping ("/query")@PreAuthorize ("hasAuthority('teacher:query')")public String queryInfo(){return "I am a teacher!";}
}

CurrentLoginUserController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/getLogin")
public class CurrentLoginUserController {@GetMapping("/user1")public Authentication getUser1(Authentication authentication) {return authentication;}@GetMapping("/user2")public Principal getUser2(Principal principal){return principal;}@GetMapping("/user3")public Principal getUser3(){// 通过安全上下文持有器获取安全上下文，再获取认证信息return SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();}
}

6.启动测试

1.使用thomas和obama分别登录测试，发现student/query等能访问，teacher/query 不能访问

在这里插入图片描述

2.原因：发现用户没有权限，但是/teacher/query 需要访问权限

在这里插入图片描述

四、基于数据库的授权

①：创建实体类、Mapper、service

1.创建菜单（权限）实体类SysMenu

@Data
public class SysMenu implements Serializable {private Integer id;private Integer pid;private Integer type;private String name;private String code;
}

2.创建mapperSysMenuMapper

public interface SysMenuMapper {List<String> queryPermissionsByUserId(@Param("userId") Integer userId);
}

3.创建SysMenuMapper.xml

在这里插入图片描述

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.it.mapper.SysMenuMapper"><!-- 这里定义SQL语句 -->
<select id="queryPermissionsByUserId" resultType="string">select distinct sm.codefrom sys_role_user srujoin sys_role_menu srm on sru.rid = srm.ridjoin sys_menu sm on srm.mid = sm.id where sru.rid = #{userId};
</select>
</mapper>

4.创建serviceSysMenuService

public interface SysMenuService {List<String> queryPermissionsByUserId(Integer userId);
}

5.创建SysMenuServiceImpl

@Service
@Slf4j
public class SysMenuServiceImpl implements SysMenuService {@Resourceprivate SysMenuMapper sysMenuMapper;@Overridepublic List<String> queryPermissionsByUserId(Integer userId) {return sysMenuMapper.queryPermissionsByUserId(userId);}
}

②: 配置权限

1.修改SecurityUser实体类

加入一个属性

private List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> simpleGrantedAuthorities;

2.修改方法getAuthorities

    @Overridepublic Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities () {// todo 配置权限return simpleGrantedAuthorities;}

3.添加一个set方法

public void setSimpleGrantedAuthorities(List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> simpleGrantedAuthorities) {this.simpleGrantedAuthorities = simpleGrantedAuthorities;}

在这里插入图片描述

4.修改SecurityUserDetailsServiceImpl

增加设置权限的步骤

@Service
public class SecurityUserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {@Autowiredprivate SysUserService sysUserService;@Autowiredprivate SysMenuService sysMenuService;@Overridepublic UserDetails loadUserByUsername (String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {SysUser sysUser = sysUserService.getUserName(username);// 判断对象是否为空if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(sysUser)){throw new UsernameNotFoundException("该用户不存在！");}// 判断用户是否可用if (!sysUser.getAccountNoExpired().equals(1)) {throw new UsernameNotFoundException("该账户已过期！");}// 通过用户id获取用户的所有权限List<String> permissions = sysMenuService.queryPermissionsByUserId(sysUser.getUserId());// 使用Stream流将 List<String> permissions 转换为 List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> grantedAuthoritiesList<SimpleGrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorities = permissions.stream().map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new).collect(Collectors.toList());// 创建一个用户权限对象SecurityUser securityUser = new SecurityUser(sysUser);// 将权限设置到用户对象中securityUser.setSimpleGrantedAuthorities(grantedAuthorities);// 返回return securityUser;}
}

③：启动程序测试

使用thomas和obama分别登录测试，发现已经有权限功能了

④：手动擦除密码防止传到前端

擦除密码前

1. 修改SecurityUser类中的getPassword方法

    @Overridepublic String getPassword () {String myPassword = this.sysUser.getPassword();// 手动擦除密码防止传到前端this.sysUser.setPassword(null);return myPassword;}