ui设置

创建线程函数

#include <QObject>
#include <QThread>
#include <QSerialPort>
#include <QSerialPortInfo>class SerialPort : public QThread
{Q_OBJECT
public:SerialPort();~SerialPort();public:void InitPort(QString PortName);void wirteData();//写入数据void ProcessReceivedData(QByteArray);//处理数据quint8  CalculateChecksum(const QByteArray& data);//计算校验和
signals:void SendData(float m_fVol[10]);//发送数据protected:void run();public slots:void readData();void handleBytesWritten(quint64 bytes);public:QSerialPort* port;QStringList serialPortNameList;//串口列表float m_fVol[10];//电压QByteArray m_receivedBuffer[4096];QByteArray receivedData;//接收到的数据
};

初始串口

void SerialPort::InitPort(QString PortName)
{// 查询所有串口设备
//    QList<QSerialPortInfo> serialList = QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts();//    foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
//    {
//        serialPortNameList << info.portName();
//        qDebug()<<"serialPortName: "<<info.portName();
//    }//qDebug()<<PortName;port->setPortName(PortName);port->setBaudRate(19200, QSerialPort::AllDirections);//波特率port->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);             // 数据位为8位port->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);  // 无流控制port->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);            // 无校验位port->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);           // 一位停止位if (port->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)){qDebug() << "Port have been opened";wirteData();}else{qDebug() << "open it failed";return;}
}

run函数接收发送数据

void SerialPort::run()
{connect(port, &QSerialPort::bytesWritten, this, &SerialPort::handleBytesWritten);//向串口写数据connect(port, &QSerialPort::readyRead, this, &SerialPort::readData);//向串口读数据exec();
}

读取数据

void SerialPort::readData()
{if (port->bytesAvailable() > 0){qint64 nReadSize = 4096;if(port->isOpen()){QByteArray receivedData = port->read(nReadSize);//qDebug()<<receivedData.size();if (receivedData.size() >= 26){ProcessReceivedData(receivedData); // 处理接收到的数据}}}
}

处理读取的数据

void SerialPort::ProcessReceivedData(QByteArray receivedData)
{//qDebug()<<receivedData;//qDebug()<<receivedData.size();if(receivedData.size() >= 26){if (receivedData.at(0) == 'U' && receivedData.at(receivedData.length() - 1) == '\xAA'){// 检验校验和//qDebug()<<receivedData;QByteArray dataContent = receivedData.mid(1, 23);quint8 receivedChecksum = static_cast<quint8>(receivedData.at(24)); // 获取接收到的校验和quint8 calculatedChecksum = CalculateChecksum(dataContent); // 计算校验和if(receivedChecksum ==calculatedChecksum )//数据正确{quint16 wT;for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j){wT = static_cast<quint8>(receivedData[j*2+2]);wT <<= 8;wT += static_cast<quint8>(receivedData[j*2+1]);m_fVol[j] = wT * 5000.0f / 1024;emit SendData(m_fVol);}}}else{receivedData.remove(0, 1);}}}quint8 SerialPort::CalculateChecksum(const QByteArray &data)
{quint8 checksum = 0;for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); ++i){checksum += static_cast<quint8>(data.at(i));}return checksum;
}

写入数据

void SerialPort::handleBytesWritten(quint64 bytes)
{if (bytes > 0){// 数据写入成功//qDebug()<<bytes;connect(port, &QSerialPort::readyRead, this, &SerialPort::readData);//向串口读数据} else {// 数据写入失败wirteData();//再次写入}
}

写入启动的命令

void SerialPort::wirteData()
{if (port->isOpen()){QByteArray data;data.append(char(0x55)); // 添加数据 0x55 到数组data.append(char(0x01)); // 添加数据 0x01 到数组data.append(char(0x01)); // 添加数据 0x01 到数组data.append(char(0x00)); // 添加数据 0x00 到数组data.append(char(0x00)); // 添加数据 0x00 到数组data.append(char(0x00)); // 添加数据 0x00 到数组data.append(char(0x02)); // 添加数据 0x02 到数组data.append(char(0xAA)); // 添加数据 0xAA 到数组//qDebug()<<char(0x55);port->clear(QSerialPort::Output); // 清除输出缓冲区port->write(data);                // 写入数据到串口}
}

主线程

#include <QWidget>
#include "serialport.h"QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACEclass Widget : public QWidget
{Q_OBJECTpublic:Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Widget();private:Ui::Widget *ui;public slots:void ReadData(float m_fVol[10]);public:SerialPort* m_Port;private slots:void on_pushButton_clicked();
};

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget)
{ui->setupUi(this);m_Port =new SerialPort();ui->comboBox->addItem("COM1");ui->comboBox->addItem("COM2");ui->comboBox->addItem("COM3");ui->comboBox->addItem("COM4");ui->comboBox->addItem("COM5");ui->comboBox->addItem("COM6");ui->comboBox->addItem("COM7");ui->comboBox->addItem("COM8");}Widget::~Widget()
{delete ui;
}void Widget::ReadData(float m_fVol[10])
{QTextCursor tc = ui->textBrowser->textCursor();tc.movePosition(QTextCursor::End);//qDebug()<<m_fovl;for(int i=0;i<10;i++){tc.insertText(QString::number(m_fVol[i])+"mv\n");tc.insertText("\n");}tc.insertText("----------\n");ui->textBrowser->moveCursor(QTextCursor::End);
}void Widget::on_pushButton_clicked()
{if(ui->pushButton->text() == "连接"){m_Port->InitPort(ui->comboBox->currentText());connect(m_Port,&SerialPort::SendData,this,&Widget::ReadData);m_Port->start();ui->pushButton->setText("断开连接");}else {m_Port->port->close();disconnect(m_Port, &SerialPort::SendData, this, &Widget::ReadData); // 断开连接ui->pushButton->setText("连接");}}