此种方式将镜像的构建过程通过 Dockerfile 记录下来，并通过构建命令，构建最终镜像，便于对镜像的修改和管理。

但是此种方式，仍热是 Fat Container 形式，产生的镜像文件比较大，当环境较复杂时 Dockerfile 也会很复杂且不便于整体管理，所以还是不推荐生产环境使用。

主要文件

• Dockerfile

##############################################################
# 基于官方基础镜像 Ubuntu 16.04 制作
# 安装常用工具包：
#	software-properties-common vim wget curl openssh-server sudo net-tools
# 采用 apt-get 形式安装 LAMP 环境
# VERSION 0.1
##############################################################FROM ubuntu:16.04
MAINTAINER whoru.S.Q <whoru.sun@gmail.com># 非交互模式
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive# 设置字符集
ENV LC_ALL=C.UTF-8# 预安装的工具包 
ENV DEV_TOOLS='software-properties-common vim wget curl \openssh-server sudo net-tools ' # 系统初始化
COPY ./sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN apt-get update \# 安装工具包&& apt-get install -y $DEV_TOOLS  \&& mkdir -p /var/run/sshd \# 追加普通用户，用于 ssh 登录&& useradd -d /home/admin -m -s /bin/bash admin \&& echo 'admin:admin' | chpasswd \&& echo 'admin	ALL=(ALL)	ALL' >> /etc/sudoers \&& mkdir -p /home/admin/bin \##############################################################&& echo '=====> Installing MySQL server and client ...' \&& apt-get install -y mysql-server mysql-client \&& usermod -d /var/lib/mysql/ mysql \&& echo '=====> Installing Apache2 ...' \&& apt-get install -y apache2 \&& echo 'ServerName localhost' >> /etc/apache2/apache2.conf \&& echo '=====> Installing PHP and Plugins ...' \&& add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php \&& apt-get update \&& apt-get install -y php5.6 libapache2-mod-php5.6 php5.6-dev php5.6-mysql php5.6-gd php5.6-curl php5.6-mbstring \############################################################### 清理&& echo '=====> Cleaning ...' \&& apt-get clean \&& apt-get autoclean \&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* \# 定义匿名卷,以免动态数据写入
VOLUME /var/www/html /var/lib/mysql# 设置启动脚本
COPY ./start.sh /home/admin/bin
WORKDIR /home/admin/bin
RUN chmod -R 755 /home/admin/bin# 定义要暴露的端口
EXPOSE 22 80 3306 # 启动命令
CMD ["./start.sh"]

• sources.list

# 16.04
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

• start.sh

#!/bin/bash/etc/init.d/ssh start
/etc/init.d/mysql start
/etc/init.d/apache2 start

构建

$ docker build -t lamp:v2 .

运行

$ docker run -idt -P -v ~/www:/var/www/html lamp:v2

• -v 这里将宿主机家目录下的 www 映射到所启动容器 apache 服务下的 web 根目录
• -P 自动映射开放的端口（-p 4701:80 手动指定）

测试

浏览器访问 localhost（默认 80 端口）或 localhost:4701 访问 web

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更多内容，请访问：https://github.com/whorusq/docker-learning