kaptcha 是一个非常实用的验证码生成工具。有了它,你可以生成各种样式的验证码,因为它是可配置的。kaptcha工作的原理是调用 com.google.code.kaptcha.servlet.KaptchaServlet,生成一个图片。同时将生成的验证码字符串放到 HttpSession中。
使用kaptcha可以方便的配置:
- 验证码的字体
- 验证码字体的大小
- 验证码字体的字体颜色
- 验证码内容的范围(数字,字母,中文汉字!)
- 验证码图片的大小,边框,边框粗细,边框颜色
- 验证码的干扰线(可以自己继承com.google.code.kaptcha.NoiseProducer写一个自定义的干扰线)
- 验证码的样式(鱼眼样式、3D、普通模糊……当然也可以继承com.google.code.kaptcha.GimpyEngine自定义样式)
……
详细信息请看下面的web.xml文件
下面介绍一下用法:
1.首先去官网下载jar:http://code.google.com/p/kaptcha/
POM文件:
<!-- 中央仓库没得,必须去https://repository.sonatype.org私服拉取--> <dependency><groupId>com.google.code.kaptcha</groupId><artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId><version>2.3</version><classifier>jdk15</classifier> </dependency>
2.建立一个web项目,导入kaptcha-2.3.jar到环境变量中。
3.配置web.xml文件
<!--Kaptcha 验证码 --><servlet><servlet-name>kaptcha</servlet-name><servlet-class>com.google.code.kaptcha.servlet.KaptchaServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>kaptcha.border</param-name><param-value>no</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>kaptcha.border.color</param-name><param-value>105,179,90</param-value></init-param> <init-param><param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.color</param-name><param-value>red</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>kaptcha.image.width</param-name><param-value>250</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>kaptcha.image.height</param-name><param-value>90</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.size</param-name><param-value>70</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>kaptcha.session.key</param-name><param-value>code</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.length</param-name><param-value>4</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.names</param-name><param-value>宋体,楷体,微软雅黑</param-value></init-param> </servlet>
<servlet-mapping><servlet-name>kaptcha</servlet-name><url-pattern>/ClinicCountManager/kaptcha.jpg</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
JSP页面:
<table><tr><td><img src="/ClinicCountManager/kaptcha.jpg"></td><td valign="top"><form method="POST"><br>sec code:<input type="text" name="kaptchafield"><br /><input type="submit" name="submit"></form></td></tr></table> <br /><br /><br /><br /><%String c = (String)session.getAttribute(com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY);String parm = (String) request.getParameter("kaptchafield");out.println("Parameter: " + parm + " ? Session Key: " + c + " : ");if (c != null && parm != null) {if (c.equals(parm)) {out.println("<b>true</b>");} else {out.println("<b>false</b>");}%>
上面的配置在普通jsp环境下面是有效的,如果在spring mvc环境下,则取不到session值,对于sping mvc环境验证码配置如下:
1.不用在web.xml进行相关配置,在applicationContext.xml中配置:
<bean id="captchaProducer" class="com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha"><property name="config"><bean class="com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config"><constructor-arg><props><prop key="kaptcha.border">no</prop><prop key="kaptcha.border.color">105,179,90</prop><prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.color">red</prop><prop key="kaptcha.image.width">250</prop><prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.size">90</prop><prop key="kaptcha.image.height">90</prop><prop key="kaptcha.session.key">code</prop><prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.char.length">4</prop><prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.names">宋体,楷体,微软雅黑</prop></props></constructor-arg></bean></property></bean>
新建生成图片控制类:
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants; import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;@Controller @RequestMapping("/") public class CaptchaImageCreateController {private Producer captchaProducer = null;@Autowiredpublic void setCaptchaProducer(Producer captchaProducer) {this.captchaProducer = captchaProducer;}@RequestMapping("/captcha-image")public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);// Set standard HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers.response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");// Set IE extended HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers (use addHeader).response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");// Set standard HTTP/1.0 no-cache header.response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");// return a jpegresponse.setContentType("image/jpeg");// create the text for the imageString capText = captchaProducer.createText();// store the text in the sessionrequest.getSession().setAttribute(Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY, capText);// create the image with the textBufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();// write the data outImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);try {out.flush();} finally {out.close();}return null;}}
前台调用方式:
<div class="chknumber"><label>验证码: <input name="kaptcha" type="text" id="kaptcha" maxlength="4" class="chknumber_input" /> </label><img src="/ClinicCountManager/captcha-image.do" width="55" height="20" id="kaptchaImage" style="margin-bottom: -3px"/> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $('#kaptchaImage').click(function () {//生成验证码$(this).hide().attr('src', '/ClinicCountManager/captcha-image.do?' + Math.floor(Math.random()*100) ).fadeIn(); }) }); </script> </div>
取验证码的方式:
String code = (String)session.getAttribute(com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY);
如果需要纯数字:
<init-param> <param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.string</param-name> <param-value>0123456789</param-value> </init-param>
去掉干扰线:
<init-param><param-name>kaptcha.noise.impl</param-name><param-value>com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise </param-value></init-param>
原文地址1:google kaptcha 验证码组件使用简介 - 自行车上的程序员 - 博客园
原文地址2:https://stone02111.iteye.com/blog/1688195