【编译构建】用cmake编译libjpeg动态库并实现转灰度图片

先编译出libjepg动态库

1、下载libjpeg源码:

https://github.com/libjpeg-turbo/libjpeg-turbo

2、编译出动态库或静态库

写一个编译脚本，用cmake构建。

#!/bin/bash# 定义变量
SOURCE_DIR="/home/user/libjpeg-turbo-main"
BUILD_DIR="${SOURCE_DIR}/build"
INSTALL_DIR="/home/user/libjpeg-turbo-main"# 创建并进入构建目录
mkdir -p "$BUILD_DIR"
cd "$BUILD_DIR"# 运行CMake命令
cmake -G"Unix Makefiles" \-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \-DWITH_MEM_SRCDST=1 \-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$INSTALL_DIR" \"$SOURCE_DIR"# 编译和安装
make -j$(nproc)
sudo make install# 提示完成
echo "Build and installation completed successfully!"

chmod +x ./libjpeg_build.sh
./libjpeg_build.sh
run!
编译生成的动态库安装在libjpeg-turbo-main/lib目录下。
在这里插入图片描述

3、写代码

动态库有两种加载方式，一种编译的时候就依赖，一种是运行的时候dlopen。
写一个代码用turbo提供的接口实现一个彩色图片转灰度的图片的demo。

3.1 编译的时候就依赖

写CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(libjpeg_demo)set(JPEG_LIB_DIR "/home/user/libjpeg-turbo-main/lib")
set(JPEG_INCLUDE_DIR "/home/user/libjpeg-turbo-main/include")include_directories(${JPEG_INCLUDE_DIR})
link_directories(${JPEG_LIB_DIR})add_executable(libjpeg_demo main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(libjpeg_demo turbojpeg)

cpp代码

#include <turbojpeg.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>void saveGrayscaleImage(const std::string &filename, const unsigned char* buffer, int width, int height) {std::ofstream outFile(filename, std::ios::binary);outFile << "P5\n" << width << " " << height << "\n255\n";outFile.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buffer), width * height);outFile.close();
}int main() {const char* inputFile = "1.jpg";tjhandle jpegDecompressor = tjInitDecompress();std::ifstream inFile(inputFile, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);if (!inFile) {std::cerr << "Error: Could not open input file!" << std::endl;return 1;}std::streamsize fileSize = inFile.tellg();inFile.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);std::vector<unsigned char> jpegBuffer(fileSize);inFile.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(jpegBuffer.data()), fileSize);int width, height, jpegSubsamp;tjDecompressHeader2(jpegDecompressor, jpegBuffer.data(), fileSize, &width, &height, &jpegSubsamp);std::vector<unsigned char> grayscaleBuffer(width * height);tjDecompress2(jpegDecompressor, jpegBuffer.data(), fileSize, grayscaleBuffer.data(), width, 0, height, TJPF_GRAY, TJFLAG_FASTDCT);saveGrayscaleImage("grayscale.pgm", grayscaleBuffer.data(), width, height);tjDestroy(jpegDecompressor);std::cout << "Grayscale image saved as grayscale.pgm" << std::endl;return 0;
}

3.2 通过dlopen动态加载

写CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(libjpeg_dl_demo)set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)add_executable(libjpeg_dl_demo main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(libjpeg_dl_demo dl)

#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include "turbojpeg.h"// 定义动态加载的函数指针类型
typedef void* tjhandle;
typedef tjhandle (*tjInitDecompress_t)();
typedef int (*tjDecompressHeader2_t)(tjhandle, unsigned char*, unsigned long, int*, int*, int*);
typedef int (*tjDecompress2_t)(tjhandle, unsigned char*, unsigned long, unsigned char*, int, int, int, int, int);
typedef int (*tjDestroy_t)(tjhandle);// 保存灰度图像为 PGM 格式
void saveGrayscaleImage(const std::string &filename, const unsigned char* buffer, int width, int height) {std::ofstream outFile(filename, std::ios::binary);outFile << "P5\n" << width << " " << height << "\n255\n";outFile.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buffer), width * height);outFile.close();
}int main() {const char* inputFile = "/home/user/demo/1.jpg";  // 输入文件路径// 动态加载 libturbojpeg.so 库void* handle = dlopen("/home/user/libjpeg-turbo-main/lib/libturbojpeg.so.0.4.0", RTLD_LAZY);if (!handle) {std::cerr << "Error loading tjInitDecompress: " << dlerror() << std::endl;return 1;}// 获取函数指针auto tjInitDecompress = (tjInitDecompress_t)dlsym(handle, "tjInitDecompress");auto tjDecompressHeader2 = (tjDecompressHeader2_t)dlsym(handle, "tjDecompressHeader2");auto tjDecompress2 = (tjDecompress2_t)dlsym(handle, "tjDecompress2");auto tjDestroy = (tjDestroy_t)dlsym(handle, "tjDestroy");if (!tjInitDecompress || !tjDecompressHeader2 || !tjDecompress2 || !tjDestroy) {std::cerr << "Error: Failed to load necessary functions from libturbojpeg.so" << std::endl;dlclose(handle);return 1;}// 初始化解压器tjhandle jpegDecompressor = tjInitDecompress();if (!jpegDecompressor) {std::cerr << "Error: Failed to initialize decompressor" << std::endl;dlclose(handle);return 1;}// 打开输入文件std::ifstream inFile(inputFile, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);if (!inFile) {std::cerr << "Error: Could not open input file!" << std::endl;tjDestroy(jpegDecompressor);dlclose(handle);return 1;}// 读取 JPEG 文件内容std::streamsize fileSize = inFile.tellg();inFile.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);std::vector<unsigned char> jpegBuffer(fileSize);inFile.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(jpegBuffer.data()), fileSize);// 解压 JPEG header 获取图像尺寸int width, height, jpegSubsamp;if (tjDecompressHeader2(jpegDecompressor, jpegBuffer.data(), fileSize, &width, &height, &jpegSubsamp) != 0) {std::cerr << "Error: Failed to read JPEG header" << std::endl;tjDestroy(jpegDecompressor);dlclose(handle);return 1;}// 解压 JPEG 为灰度图像std::vector<unsigned char> grayscaleBuffer(width * height);if (tjDecompress2(jpegDecompressor, jpegBuffer.data(), fileSize, grayscaleBuffer.data(), width, 0, height, TJPF_GRAY, 0) != 0) {std::cerr << "Error: Failed to decompress image to grayscale" << std::endl;tjDestroy(jpegDecompressor);dlclose(handle);return 1;}// 保存灰度图像为 PGM 格式saveGrayscaleImage("grayscale.pgm", grayscaleBuffer.data(), width, height);// 清理资源并关闭库tjDestroy(jpegDecompressor);dlclose(handle);std::cout << "Grayscale image saved as grayscale.pgm" << std::endl;return 0;
}