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背景

博主之前研究的是ChatGLM3模型，该模型提供了Openai方式调用工具的代码。但后续转到Qwen1.5模型后，好像不可以直接用Openai接口的方式调用工具了。
然后，博主研究了Qwen-Agent框架，实现了自定义工具：

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44455388/article/details/136524354?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

研究了LangChain框架，实现了自定义工具：

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44455388/article/details/136536875?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

虽然，使用以上框架实现了自定义工具，但是调用工具时，均需要依赖于python环境和以上框架，觉得还是有一定的限制。再加上，博主之前的基于大模型的所有功能（本地知识库、Text2SQL等）均是使用Java调用OpenAI接口实现，没有使用类似langChain这样的python框架。作为倔强的Java程序员，还是想用Java去实现自定义工具。

思路

首先需要封装OpenAIChat对象，对象应包括以下变量：

/*** 使用的模型名称.*/
@Builder.Default
private String model = "gpt-3.5-turbo";/*** 模型的API地址.*/
@Builder.Default
private String endpointUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:8000/";/*** 模型的最大token数.*/
@Builder.Default
private int maxToken = 20000;/*** 模型的temperature.*/
@Builder.Default
private float temperature = 0.9f;/*** 模型的TopP*/
@Builder.Default
private float topP = 0.78f;/*** 是否使用历史记录.*/
private boolean withHistory;/*** 历史记录*/
@Builder.Default
private List<List<?>> history = new ArrayList<>();

OpenAIChat对象中构建工具调用流式问答的方法实现：

/*** 工具流式问答* @param sessionId 会话ID* @param prompt 提示词* @param baseTools 工具* @return*/
@Override
public Flux<String> streamChatWithTools(String sessionId, String prompt, List<BaseTool> baseTools) {String class2Json = buildClass2Json(new BaseTool());String finalPrompt = String.format("你是一个AI助手，我会给你一个工具对象集合，工具对象包括name（工具名）、description（工具描述）、params（工具参数）。" +"你可以结合工具对象，从用户的问句中提取到关键词，确定要实现用户的任务应该喧杂哪个工具对象。" +"用户的任务是：%S。" +"工具对象集合是：%s。" +"您的响应结果必须为JSON格式，并且不要返回任何不必要的解释，只提供遵循此格式的符合RFC8259的JSON响应。以下是输出必须遵守的JSON Schema实例：```%s```",prompt, JSON.toJSONString(baseTools), class2Json);String funcParams = chat(finalPrompt);funcParams = JSON.parseObject(funcParams, OpenAIChatResponse.class).getChoices().get(0).getMessage().getContent();funcParams = funcParams.substring(funcParams.indexOf("{"), funcParams.lastIndexOf("}")+1);String toolResult = LoadFunctions.load(JSON.parseObject(funcParams, BaseTool.class));LOG.info("工具调用结果为："+toolResult);String promptFormat = String.format("基于以下内容：{%s}。请回答：{%s}", toolResult, prompt);Flux<String> stringFlux = streamChat(sessionId, promptFormat);return stringFlux;
}

创建一个自定义工具类，所有的工具都在这里实现，我这里创建了三个工具（查询天气、返回一个UUID、查询手机号的归属地）：

public class FunctionCaller {/*** 查询天气API** @param params* @return*/public String getWeather(Map<String,Object> params) {String cityName = params.get("cityName").toString();if (cityName == null || cityName.isEmpty()) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("City name must not be null or empty");}OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder().connectTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS).writeTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS).readTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS).build();try {Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>(16);headers.put("Content-Type", "application/json");Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder().url("https://wttr.in/" + cityName + "?format=j1");builder.headers(Headers.of(headers));builder.method("GET", null);Request request = builder.build();Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();if (response.isSuccessful()) {ResponseBody responseBody = response.body();JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(responseBody.string());JSONObject weatherData = new JSONObject();// Extract the desired weather data from the JSON responseJSONArray currentCondition = jsonObject.getJSONArray("current_condition");JSONObject firstEntry = currentCondition.getJSONObject(0);weatherData.put("temp_C", firstEntry.getString("temp_C"));weatherData.put("FeelsLikeC", firstEntry.getString("FeelsLikeC"));weatherData.put("humidity", firstEntry.getString("humidity"));weatherData.put("weatherDesc", firstEntry.getString("weatherDesc"));weatherData.put("observation_time", firstEntry.getString("observation_time"));weatherData.put("cityName", params.get("cityName").toString());return weatherData.toString();} else {throw new HttpRuntimeException("Failed.接口访问失败");}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();return "Error encountered while fetching weather data!";}}/*** 随机获取一个uuid* @return*/public String getUuid(Map<String,Object> params){return UUID.randomUUID().toString();}/*** 查询手机号的归属地* @param params* @return*/public String getMobileAddress(Map<String,Object> params) {String mobileNum = params.get("mobileNum").toString();try {OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder().connectTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS).writeTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS).readTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS).build();MediaType mediaType = MediaType.parse("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(mediaType, "mobile="+mobileNum);Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://eolink.o.apispace.com/teladress/teladress").method("POST",body).addHeader("X-APISpace-Token","v1a524e7ctm4h87ilxxxxxxxxxxxxx").addHeader("Content-Type","").build();Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();if (response.isSuccessful()) {ResponseBody responseBody = response.body();return responseBody.string();} else {throw new HttpRuntimeException("Failed.接口访问失败");}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return "Error fetching mobile address: " + e.getMessage();}}
}

然后，采用反射的方式调用这些工具：

/*** 通过反射机制调用函数* @param methodName* @param jsonNode* @return*/
public static Object reflect(String methodName, Map<String,String> jsonNode){FunctionCaller functionCaller = new FunctionCaller();Method method = ReflectUtil.getMethod(FunctionCaller.class, methodName, new Class[]{Map.class});try {Object invoke = method.invoke(functionCaller, jsonNode);return invoke;} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {LOG.error("FunctionReflect reflect occur illegal access exception,method name = {},jsonNode = {}",methodName,jsonNode,e);throw new RuntimeException(e);} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {LOG.error("FunctionReflect reflect occur invocation target exception,method name = {},jsonNode = {}",methodName,jsonNode,e);throw new RuntimeException(e);}
}

调用的时候，将所有的工具集合作为参数，传入OpenAIChat的streamChatWithTools方法：

public static void test2(){BaseTool baseTool = new BaseTool();baseTool.setName("getWeather");Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>(16);map.put("cityName","城市");baseTool.setParams(map);baseTool.setDescription("查询天气工具");BaseTool baseTool1 = new BaseTool();baseTool1.setName("getUuid");baseTool1.setDescription("获取UUID");baseTool1.setParams(null);BaseTool baseTool2 = new BaseTool();baseTool2.setName("getMobileAddress");baseTool2.setDescription("查询手机号归属地");Map<String,String> map2 = new HashMap<>(16);map2.put("mobileNum","手机号");baseTool2.setParams(map2);List<BaseTool> baseTools = Arrays.asList(baseTool,baseTool1,baseTool2);OpenAIChat openAIChat = OpenAIChat.builder().endpointUrl("http://127.0.0.1:11434/v1/chat/completions").model("qwen:7b-chat-v1.5-q5_K_M").build().init();Flux<String> stringFlux = openAIChat.streamChatWithTools("112233","查询北京的天气", baseTools);stringFlux.subscribe();//System.out.println(s);
}

然后就可以实现工具调用了：