一、安装并配置MySQL
1、下载mysql软件包
[root@mysql ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
2、解压
[root@mysql ~]# tar -xf mysql-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
3、检查是否具有mariadb/mysql， 有的话卸载
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb4、下载依赖包
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
5、初始化MySQL
[root@mysql ~]# mysqld --initialize --console
6、修改权限
[root@mysql ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
7、启动服务
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mysqld
8、查看默认密码并修改
[root@mysql ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep localhost
2024-08-02T01:49:17.019777Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: iei2zHGkdp**
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:iei2zHGkdp**mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost'identified by '123456';
mysql> exit
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
二、数据库操作
1、数据库对象
1. 数据库系统 DBMS
2. 数据库 DB
3. 表 table
4. 记录 record
5. 字段 feild
1、查看数据库
2、创建数据库
mysql> create database test charset utf8;
3、删除数据库
mysql> drop database test;
三、表的操作
1、选择库
mysql> create database test charset utf8;
mysql> use test;
Database changed
2、查看表
mysql> show tables;
3、创建表
mysql> create table `test`.`user`(
-> `id` int not null auto_increment,
-> `username` varchar(45) not null,
-> `password` varchar(45) not null,
-> primary key (`id`));
4、删除表
mysql> delete from user;
5、新增列
mysql> ALTER TABLE `test`.`user` ADD COLUMN `realname` VARCHAR(45) NULL AFTER `password`;
6、修改列名
mysql> ALTER TABLE `test`.`user` CHANGE COLUMN `realname` `zsxm` VARCHAR(45) NULL DEFAULT NULL ;
7、删除列
mysql> ALTER TABLE `test`.`user`
-> DROP COLUMN `zsxm`;
其他
四、记录的操作
1、新增
#insert into 表名 (字段名列表) values (字段值列表)
mysql> select * from user;
mysql> insert into user (id,username,password) values (3,'zhangsan','zhangsan');
2、删除
delte from user where 条件;
mysql> delete from user where username='zhangsan';
3、修改
mysql> insert into user values (1,'zhangsan','zhangsan');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into user values (2,'lisi','lisi');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into user values (3,'wangwu','wangwu');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
