Python爬虫使用示例-古诗词摘录

一、分析需求

目标地址：

https://www.sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem&id=×××××

在这里插入图片描述

二、提取诗句

import os
import re
import requests
import parsel#url ='https://www.sou-yun.cn/PoemIndex.aspx?dynasty=Tang&author=14976&type=Jie'
url='https://www.sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=36647'
headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.139 Safari/537.36'}
response = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
html_content= response.text
#print(response.text)
# 正则表达式匹配
poem_sentences = re.findall(r"<div class='poemSentence'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/div>", html_content, re.DOTALL)# 清理并输出提取的诗句
for sentence in poem_sentences:# 移除HTML标签clean_sentence = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", sentence).strip()if clean_sentence:  # 过滤掉空句print(clean_sentence)

三、其他信息

提取all需要信息，title+author+sentences


import os
import re
import requests
import parsel#url ='https://www.sou-yun.cn/PoemIndex.aspx?dynasty=Tang&author=14976&type=Jie'
url='https://www.sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=36647'
headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.139 Safari/537.36'}
response = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
html_content= response.text
#print(response.text)
# 提取标题
title_match = re.search(r"<span class='bold'><span class='wordLink'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span><\/span>\s*<span[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span>\s*<span class='poemAuthor'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span>", html_content)
if title_match:title = title_match.group(1) + title_match.group(2)  # 合并标题部分author = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", title_match.group(3)).strip()  # 处理作者# 正则表达式匹配诗句
poem_sentences = re.findall(r"<div class='poemSentence'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/div>", html_content, re.DOTALL)# 清理并输出提取的信息
print("标题:", title)
print("作者:", author)
print("诗句:")for sentence in poem_sentences:# 移除HTML标签clean_sentence = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", sentence).strip()if clean_sentence:  # 过滤掉空句print(clean_sentence)

在这里插入图片描述
微调格式

import os
import re
import requests
import parsel#url ='https://www.sou-yun.cn/PoemIndex.aspx?dynasty=Tang&author=14976&type=Jie'
url='https://www.sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=36647'
headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.139 Safari/537.36'}
response = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
html_content= response.text
#print(response.text)
# 提取标题
title_match = re.search(r"<span class='bold'><span class='wordLink'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span><\/span>\s*<span[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span>\s*<span class='poemAuthor'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span>", html_content)
if title_match:title = title_match.group(1) + title_match.group(2)  # 合并标题部分author = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", title_match.group(3)).strip()  # 处理作者# 正则表达式匹配诗句
poem_sentences = re.findall(r"<div class='poemSentence'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/div>", html_content, re.DOTALL)# 清理并输出提取的信息
print("《 " + title + "》 （"+ author + "）")
#print("作者:", author)
#print("诗句:")for sentence in poem_sentences:# 移除HTML标签clean_sentence = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", sentence).strip()if clean_sentence:  # 过滤掉空句print(clean_sentence)

四、保存文档

保存到txt里面,单首诗歌

import os
import re
import requests
import parsel#url ='https://www.sou-yun.cn/PoemIndex.aspx?dynasty=Tang&author=14976&type=Jie'
url='https://www.sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=36647'
headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.139 Safari/537.36'}
response = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
html_content= response.text
#print(response.text)
# 提取标题
title_match = re.search(r"<span class='bold'><span class='wordLink'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span><\/span>\s*<span[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span>\s*<span class='poemAuthor'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span>", html_content)
if title_match:title = title_match.group(1) + title_match.group(2)  # 合并标题部分author = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", title_match.group(3)).strip()  # 处理作者# 正则表达式匹配诗句
poem_sentences = re.findall(r"<div class='poemSentence'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/div>", html_content, re.DOTALL)# 清理并准备写入文件的内容
output = f"《 " + title + "》 （"+ author + "）\n"
print("《 " + title + "》 （"+ author + "）")for sentence in poem_sentences:# 移除HTML标签clean_sentence = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", sentence).strip()if clean_sentence:  # 过滤掉空句output += clean_sentence + "\n"print(clean_sentence)# 将结果写入文本文件with open('poem.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:file.write(output)print("信息已保存到 poem.txt")

五、多首继续

不一定是符合要求的，因为这个id暂时得不到(内容结构问题)
在这里插入图片描述

找不到，因为是按照第一个写的的正则

import os
import re
import requests
import parsel#url ='https://www.sou-yun.cn/PoemIndex.aspx?dynasty=Tang&author=14976&type=Jie'
#url='https://www.sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=36647'
#headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.139 Safari/537.36'}
#response = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
#html_content= response.text
#print(response.text)# 指定保存文件的路径
output_file_path = 'all_poems.txt'# 先清空（如果存在）或创建目标文件
with open(output_file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:file.write("")  # 清空文件内容# 循环下载每首诗
for poem_id in range(36647, 36848):url = f'https://www.sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id={poem_id}'headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.139 Safari/537.36'}response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)#html_content = response.text# 获取网页内容#response = requests.get(url)if response.status_code == 200:html_content = response.text# 提取标题title_match = re.search(r"<span class='bold'><span class='wordLink'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span><\/span>\s*<span[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span>\s*<span class='poemAuthor'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/span>",html_content)if title_match:title = title_match.group(1) + title_match.group(2)  # 合并标题部分author = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", title_match.group(3)).strip()  # 处理作者# 正则表达式匹配诗句poem_sentences = re.findall(r"<div class='poemSentence'[^>]*>(.*?)<\/div>", html_content, re.DOTALL)# 清理并准备写入文件的内容output = f"《 " + title + "》 （"+ author + "）\n"for sentence in poem_sentences:# 移除HTML标签clean_sentence = re.sub(r"<.*?>", "", sentence).strip()if clean_sentence:  # 过滤掉空句output += clean_sentence + "\n"# 为每首诗添加分隔线output += "\n" + "=" * 50 + "\n\n"  # 分隔线，用于区分不同的诗# 将结果追加到文本文件with open(output_file_path, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as file:  # 以追加模式打开文件file.write(output)print(f"信息已保存到 {output_file_path}")else:print(f"在ID {poem_id} 的页面中找不到诗的标题或作者。")else:print(f"无法获取ID {poem_id} 的页面，状态码: {response.status_code}")