三维坐标系
三维坐标系其实就是指立体空间,立体空间是由3个轴共同组成的。
x轴:水平向右注意:x右边是正值,左边是负值
y轴:垂直向下注意:y下面是正值,上面是负值
z轴:垂直屏幕注意:往外面是正值,往里面是负值
3D移动 translate3d
3D移动在2D移动的基础上多加了一个可以移动的方向,就是z轴方向,
translform:translateX(100px):仅仅是在x轴上移动
translform:translateY(100px):仅仅是在Y轴上移动
translform:translateZ(100px):仅仅是在Z轴上移动(注意:translateZ-般用px单位)
transform:translate3d(x,y,z):其中x、y、z分别指要移动的轴的方向的距离 (xyz是不能省略的,如果没有就写)
透视 perspective
在2D平面产生近大远小视觉立体,但是只是效果二维的
如果想要在网页产生3D效果需要透视(理解成3D物体投影在2D平面内)。模拟人类的视觉位置,可认为安排一只眼睛去看
透视我们也称为视距:视距就是人的眼睛到屏幕的距离距离视觉点越近的在电脑平面成像越大,越远成像越小透视的单位是像素
透视写在被观察元素的父盒子上面的
d:就是视距,视距就是一个距离人的眼睛到屏幕的距离。
z:就是 z轴,物体距离屏幕的距离,z轴越大(正值 )我们看到的物体就越大
3D旋转 rotate3d
3D旋转指可以让元素在三维平面内沿着x轴,y轴,z轴或者自定义轴进行旋转语法
transform:rotateX(45deg):沿着x轴正方向旋转 45度
transform:rotateY(45deg):沿着y轴正方向旋转 45deg
transform:rotateZ(45deg):沿着Z轴正方向旋转 45deg
transform:rotate3d(xy,z,deg):沿着自定义轴旋转 deg为角度(了解即可)
transform:rotate3d(x,y,z,deg):沿着自定义轴旋转 deg为角度(了解即可)xyz是表示旋转轴的矢量,是标示你是否希望沿着该轴旋转,最后一个标示旋转的角度
3D呈现 transfrom-style
控制子元素是否开启三维立体环境。
transform-style:flat子元素不开启3d立体空间 默认的
transform-style:pfeserve-3d;子元素开启立体空间
代码写给父级,但是影响的是子盒子
案例一:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title><style>body {perspective: 500px;}.box {position: relative;width: 200px;height: 200px;margin: 100px auto;transition: all 2s;transform-style: preserve-3d;}.box div {position: absolute;top: 0;left: 0;width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: pink;}.box:hover {transform: rotateY(60deg);}.box div:last-child {background-color: purple;transform: rotateX(60deg);}</style>
</head><body><div class="box"><div></div><div></div></div>
</body></html>
案例二:两面盒子翻转
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title><style>body {perspective: 400px;}.box {position: relative;width: 100px;height: 100px;margin: 100px auto;transition: all .4s;transform-style: preserve-3d;}.front,.back {position: absolute;top: 0;left: 0;width: 100%;height: 100%;border-radius: 50%;text-align: center;line-height: 100px;font-size: 20px;color: #fff;backface-visibility: hidden;}.front {background-color: pink;z-index: 1;}.back {background-color: purple;transform: rotateY(180deg);}.box:hover {transform: rotateY(180deg);}</style>
</head><body><div class="box"><div class="front">正面</div><div class="back">反面</div></div>
</body></html>
案例三:3D导航栏
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title><style>* {margin: 0;padding: 0;}ul {margin: 100px;}ul li {float: left;width: 120px;height: 35px;list-style: none;perspective: 500px;margin: 10px;}.box {position: relative;width: 100%;height: 100%;transform-style: preserve-3d;transition: all .3s;}.box:hover {transform: rotateX(90deg);}.front,.bottom {position: absolute;top: 0;left: 0;width: 100%;height: 100%;text-align: center;line-height: 35px;}.front {background-color: pink;z-index: 1;transform: translateZ(17.5px);}.bottom {background-color: purple;transform: translateY(17.5px) rotateX(-90deg);}</style>
</head><body><ul><li><div class="box"><div class="front">导航</div><div class="bottom">选项</div></div></li><li><div class="box"><div class="front">导航</div><div class="bottom">选项</div></div></li><li><div class="box"><div class="front">导航</div><div class="bottom">选项</div></div></li><li><div class="box"><div class="front">导航</div><div class="bottom">选项</div></div></li></ul>
</body></html>
案例四:旋转木马
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title><style>body {perspective: 1000px;}section {position: relative;width: 300px;height: 200px;margin: 150px auto;transform-style: preserve-3d;animation: rotate 10s linear infinite;background: url(images/dog.jpg);}section:hover {animation-play-state: paused;}@keyframes rotate {0% {transform: rotateY(0);}100% {transform: rotateY(360deg);}}section div {position: absolute;top: 0;left: 0;width: 100%;height: 100%;background: url(images/dog.jpg) no-repeat;}section div:nth-child(1) {transform: translateZ(300px);}section div:nth-child(2) {transform: rotateY(60deg) translateZ(300px);}section div:nth-child(3) {transform: rotateY(120deg) translateZ(300px);}section div:nth-child(4) {transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(300px);}section div:nth-child(5) {transform: rotateY(240deg) translateZ(300px);}section div:nth-child(6) {transform: rotateY(300deg) translateZ(300px);}</style>
</head><body><section><div>1</div><div>2</div><div>3</div><div></div><div></div><div></div></section>
</body></html>