一、组成

抽象产品类：声明产品功能公共接口。
具体产品类：实现产品功能接口。
抽象工厂类：声明创建一组具体产品公共接口。
具体工厂类：实现创建一组具体产品接口。

二、特点

1、抽象工厂创建具体产品接口返回抽象产品类型。
2、一个具体工厂创建一组特定风格产品。

三、目的

无需指定具体类的情况下，为一组相互依赖的对象提供创建接口。

四、缺点

1、违反开闭原则，新增产品类需要改动原有的工厂类。
2、场景限制问题，通常用于创建一组相互依赖的对象，意味着不适合于高度灵活的场景。

五、示例代码

#include<iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <mutex>using namespace std;class Shape;//抽象产品类
class Rectangle;//具体产品类
class Circle;//具体产品类
class Color;//抽象产品类
class Red;//具体产品类
class Blue;//具体产品类
class AbstractFactory;//抽象工厂类
class ConcreteFactory;//具体工厂类
class ConcreteFactory2;//具体工厂类class Shape {
public:virtual ~Shape() {}virtual void draw() = 0;
};class Rectangle:public Shape {public:~Rectangle() {}void draw() {cout << "Drawing a Rectangle" << endl;}
};class Circle :public Shape {public:~Circle() {}void draw() {cout << "Drawing a Circle" << endl;}
};class Color {
public:virtual ~Color() {};virtual void fill() = 0;
};class Red : public Color{
public:~Red() {}void fill() {cout << "Filling with Red Color" << endl;}
};class Blue : public Color {
public:~Blue() {}void fill() {cout << "Filling with Blue Color" << endl;}
};class AbstractFactory {
public:virtual ~AbstractFactory() {};virtual unique_ptr<Shape> createShape() = 0;virtual unique_ptr<Color> createColor() = 0;
};class ConcreteFactory : public AbstractFactory {
public:~ConcreteFactory() {};unique_ptr<Shape> createShape() {return make_unique<Rectangle>();};unique_ptr<Color> createColor() {return make_unique<Red>();};
};class ConcreteFactory2 : public AbstractFactory {
public:~ConcreteFactory2() {};unique_ptr<Shape> createShape() {return make_unique<Circle>();};unique_ptr<Color> createColor() {return make_unique<Blue>();};
};int main() {AbstractFactory* factory = new ConcreteFactory();unique_ptr<Shape> shape = factory->createShape();unique_ptr<Color> color = factory->createColor();shape->draw();color->fill();AbstractFactory* factory2 = new ConcreteFactory();unique_ptr<Shape> shape2 = factory->createShape();unique_ptr<Color> color2 = factory->createColor();shape2->draw();color2->fill();
}