环境:
操作系统:win10
虚拟机:VMware
linux发行版:CentOS7.9
CentOS镜像:CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009
master和node节点通信的ip(master): 192.168.29.164
0.检查配置
本次搭建的集群共三个节点,包含一个主节点,两个工作子节点:
节点 | 角色 | IP |
---|---|---|
Node1 | Master | 192.168.29.164 |
Node2 | Woker | 192.168.29.168 |
Node3 | Woker | 192.168.29.167 |
根据官方推荐,节点可以是Ubuntu或CentOS操作系统,本次选择使用CentOS 7。节点最低配置如下:
硬件 | 配置 |
---|---|
内存 | >=2G |
CPU | >=2核 |
磁盘 | >=15G |
1.修改host主机名,写host文件
master机器上执行:
hostnamectl set-hostname master-1
node1机器上执行:
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
node2机器上执行:
hostnamectl set-hostname node2
查看是否修改成功
hostnamectl status
修改host
master/node1/node2机器上执行
cat <<EOF >>/etc/hosts
192.168.29.164 master-1
192.168.29.168 node1
192.168.29.167 node2
EOF
查看是否修改成功host
cat /etc/hosts
2.安装docker-ce 18.09.9
master/node1/node2机器上执行
# 安装docker所需的工具
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
# 配置阿里云的docker源
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 指定安装这个版本的docker-ce
yum install -y docker-ce-18.09.9-3.el7
# 启动docker
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
3.安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl
设置k8s环境准备条件
master/node1/node2机器上执行
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld# 关闭selinux
# 临时禁用selinux
setenforce 0
# 永久关闭 修改/etc/sysconfig/selinux文件设置
sed -i 's/SELINUX=permissive/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config# 禁用交换分区
swapoff -a
# 永久禁用,打开/etc/fstab注释掉swap那一行。
sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab# 修改内核参数
cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system
安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl
master/node1/node2机器上执行
由于官方k8s源在google,国内无法访问,这里使用阿里云yum源
# 执行配置k8s阿里云源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF# 安装kubeadm、kubectl、kubelet
yum install -y kubectl-1.16.0-0 kubeadm-1.16.0-0 kubelet-1.16.0-0# 启动kubelet服务
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
4.安装k8s v1.16.0 master管理节点
master机器执行(其中192.168.29.164为master机器ip):
kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.16.0 --apiserver-advertise-address 192.168.29.164 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --token-ttl 0
上面安装完后,会提示你输入如下命令,复制粘贴过来,执行即可。
master机器上执行:
# 上面安装完成后,k8s会提示你输入如下命令,执行
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
记住node加入集群的命令---- 上面kubeadm init执行成功后会返回给你node节点加入集群的命令,等会要在node节点上执行,需要保存下来
node1/node2机器上执行:
kubeadm join 192.168.29.164:6443 --token 7obu4u.1bpuy0u51z6lykku \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:c310e6fe1d643048e906e26b19c51a5d39a3708c76c03cf02c84820caca556c7
如果忘记了,可以使用如下命令获取。
master机器上执行:
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
5.安装网络插件
安装calico (master机器)
master机器上执行:
# 安装 calico 网络插件
# 参考文档 https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.9/getting-started/kubernetes/
yum install wget
wget https://kuboard.cn/install-script/calico/calico-3.9.2.yaml
export POD_SUBNET=10.244.0.0/16
sed -i "s#192\.168\.0\.0/16#${POD_SUBNET}#" calico-3.9.2.yaml
kubectl apply -f calico-3.9.2.yaml
修改 Pods 使用的 IP 网段,默认使用 192.168.0.0/16 网段,但是和我们的服务器本来的网段不一样,会产生冲突,所以我们需要修改一下,注意,这个网段应该与kubeapi定义–service-cluster-ip-range的网段一样
安装flannel(master机器)
下载官方fannel配置文件 使用wget命令,地址为:https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml,这个地址国内访问不了,所以我把内容复制下来,为了避免前面文章过长,我把它粘贴到文章末尾附录了。
这个yml配置文件中配置了一个国内无法访问的地址(quay.io),我已经将其改为国内可以访问的地址(quay-mirror.qiniu.com)。我们新建一个kube-flannel.yml文件,复制粘贴该内容即可。
master机器上执行:
mkdir -p ~/k8s/
cd ~/k8s
curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml这个地址国内访问不了,所以把kube-flannel.yml其中文件内容放置在附录中。
配置完成之后
输入
master机器上执行:
k8s集群搭建完成,最终查看节点状态
kubectl get nodes
6.附录
kube-flannel.yml文件:
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:name: psp.flannel.unprivilegedannotations:seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/defaultseccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/defaultapparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/defaultapparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:privileged: falsevolumes:- configMap- secret- emptyDir- hostPathallowedHostPaths:- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"readOnlyRootFilesystem: false# Users and groupsrunAsUser:rule: RunAsAnysupplementalGroups:rule: RunAsAnyfsGroup:rule: RunAsAny# Privilege EscalationallowPrivilegeEscalation: falsedefaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false# CapabilitiesallowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN']defaultAddCapabilities: []requiredDropCapabilities: []# Host namespaceshostPID: falsehostIPC: falsehostNetwork: truehostPorts:- min: 0max: 65535# SELinuxseLinux:# SELinux is unused in CaaSPrule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:name: flannel
rules:- apiGroups: ['extensions']resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']verbs: ['use']resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']- apiGroups:- ""resources:- podsverbs:- get- apiGroups:- ""resources:- nodesverbs:- list- watch- apiGroups:- ""resources:- nodes/statusverbs:- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:name: flannel
roleRef:apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.iokind: ClusterRolename: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccountname: flannelnamespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:name: flannelnamespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:name: kube-flannel-cfgnamespace: kube-systemlabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel
data:cni-conf.json: |{"name": "cbr0","cniVersion": "0.3.1","plugins": [{"type": "flannel","delegate": {"hairpinMode": true,"isDefaultGateway": true}},{"type": "portmap","capabilities": {"portMappings": true}}]}net-conf.json: |{"Network": "10.244.0.0/16","Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64namespace: kube-systemlabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel
spec:selector:matchLabels:app: flanneltemplate:metadata:labels:tier: nodeapp: flannelspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: beta.kubernetes.io/osoperator: Invalues:- linux- key: beta.kubernetes.io/archoperator: Invalues:- amd64hostNetwork: truetolerations:- operator: Existseffect: NoScheduleserviceAccountName: flannelinitContainers:- name: install-cniimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64command:- cpargs:- -f- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflistvolumeMounts:- name: cnimountPath: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/containers:- name: kube-flannelimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64command:- /opt/bin/flanneldargs:- --ip-masq- --kube-subnet-mgrresources:requests:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"limits:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"securityContext:privileged: falsecapabilities:add: ["NET_ADMIN"]env:- name: POD_NAMEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.name- name: POD_NAMESPACEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.namespacevolumeMounts:- name: runmountPath: /run/flannel- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/volumes:- name: runhostPath:path: /run/flannel- name: cnihostPath:path: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgconfigMap:name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:name: kube-flannel-ds-arm64namespace: kube-systemlabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel
spec:selector:matchLabels:app: flanneltemplate:metadata:labels:tier: nodeapp: flannelspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: beta.kubernetes.io/osoperator: Invalues:- linux- key: beta.kubernetes.io/archoperator: Invalues:- arm64hostNetwork: truetolerations:- operator: Existseffect: NoScheduleserviceAccountName: flannelinitContainers:- name: install-cniimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64command:- cpargs:- -f- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflistvolumeMounts:- name: cnimountPath: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/containers:- name: kube-flannelimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64command:- /opt/bin/flanneldargs:- --ip-masq- --kube-subnet-mgrresources:requests:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"limits:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"securityContext:privileged: falsecapabilities:add: ["NET_ADMIN"]env:- name: POD_NAMEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.name- name: POD_NAMESPACEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.namespacevolumeMounts:- name: runmountPath: /run/flannel- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/volumes:- name: runhostPath:path: /run/flannel- name: cnihostPath:path: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgconfigMap:name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:name: kube-flannel-ds-armnamespace: kube-systemlabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel
spec:selector:matchLabels:app: flanneltemplate:metadata:labels:tier: nodeapp: flannelspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: beta.kubernetes.io/osoperator: Invalues:- linux- key: beta.kubernetes.io/archoperator: Invalues:- armhostNetwork: truetolerations:- operator: Existseffect: NoScheduleserviceAccountName: flannelinitContainers:- name: install-cniimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-armcommand:- cpargs:- -f- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflistvolumeMounts:- name: cnimountPath: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/containers:- name: kube-flannelimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-armcommand:- /opt/bin/flanneldargs:- --ip-masq- --kube-subnet-mgrresources:requests:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"limits:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"securityContext:privileged: falsecapabilities:add: ["NET_ADMIN"]env:- name: POD_NAMEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.name- name: POD_NAMESPACEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.namespacevolumeMounts:- name: runmountPath: /run/flannel- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/volumes:- name: runhostPath:path: /run/flannel- name: cnihostPath:path: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgconfigMap:name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:name: kube-flannel-ds-ppc64lenamespace: kube-systemlabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel
spec:selector:matchLabels:app: flanneltemplate:metadata:labels:tier: nodeapp: flannelspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: beta.kubernetes.io/osoperator: Invalues:- linux- key: beta.kubernetes.io/archoperator: Invalues:- ppc64lehostNetwork: truetolerations:- operator: Existseffect: NoScheduleserviceAccountName: flannelinitContainers:- name: install-cniimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64lecommand:- cpargs:- -f- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflistvolumeMounts:- name: cnimountPath: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/containers:- name: kube-flannelimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64lecommand:- /opt/bin/flanneldargs:- --ip-masq- --kube-subnet-mgrresources:requests:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"limits:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"securityContext:privileged: falsecapabilities:add: ["NET_ADMIN"]env:- name: POD_NAMEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.name- name: POD_NAMESPACEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.namespacevolumeMounts:- name: runmountPath: /run/flannel- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/volumes:- name: runhostPath:path: /run/flannel- name: cnihostPath:path: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgconfigMap:name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:name: kube-flannel-ds-s390xnamespace: kube-systemlabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel
spec:selector:matchLabels:app: flanneltemplate:metadata:labels:tier: nodeapp: flannelspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: beta.kubernetes.io/osoperator: Invalues:- linux- key: beta.kubernetes.io/archoperator: Invalues:- s390xhostNetwork: truetolerations:- operator: Existseffect: NoScheduleserviceAccountName: flannelinitContainers:- name: install-cniimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390xcommand:- cpargs:- -f- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflistvolumeMounts:- name: cnimountPath: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/containers:- name: kube-flannelimage: quay-mirror.qiniu.com/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390xcommand:- /opt/bin/flanneldargs:- --ip-masq- --kube-subnet-mgrresources:requests:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"limits:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"securityContext:privileged: falsecapabilities:add: ["NET_ADMIN"]env:- name: POD_NAMEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.name- name: POD_NAMESPACEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.namespacevolumeMounts:- name: runmountPath: /run/flannel- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/volumes:- name: runhostPath:path: /run/flannel- name: cnihostPath:path: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgconfigMap:name: kube-flannel-cfg