一 linux + docker compose版本
1.第一步：基础环境
（1）第1步：安装jak、maven、git、nodejs、npm
yum install maven mvn -v 安装maven时会帮安装jdkyum install git git --version 2.27.0yum install nodejs node -v v12.22.11yum install npm npm -v 6.14.16（2）第2步：安装docker
# 第1步：创建docker配置目录
mkdir /etc/docker# 第2步：创建配置文件
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{"debug": true,"storage-driver": "overlay2","storage-opts":["overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"],"graph":"/opt/docker","registry-mirrors": ["https://hub-mirror.c.163.com","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn","https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
EOF# 第3步：使用镜像源安装docker
dnf install docker# 第4步：启动docker
systemctl start docker# 第5步：开机自动启动
systemctl enable docker# 第6步：查看docker版本信息
docker info（3）第3步：安装docker compose
dnf install docker-compose（4）第四步：创建docker-compose.yml文件，并上传到linux
# 第一步：创建文件夹
mkdir test-canal# 第二步：创建docker-compose.yml文件
vim docker-compose.yml# 附：文件代码
version: "3"
services: mysql: network_mode: mynetwork container_name: mymysql ports: - 3306:3306 restart: always volumes: - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime - /home/mycontainers/mymysql/data:/data - /home/mycontainers/mymysql/mysql:/var/lib/mysql - /home/mycontainers/mymysql/conf:/etc/mysql environment: - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root command: --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci --log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin --server-id=1 --binlog-format=ROW --expire_logs_days=7 --max_binlog_size=500M image: mysql:5.7.20 rabbitmq: container_name: myrabbit ports: - 15672:15672 - 5672:5672 restart: always volumes: - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime - /home/mycontainers/myrabbit/rabbitmq:/var/lib/rabbitmq network_mode: mynetwork environment: - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=123456 image: rabbitmq:3.8-management canal-server: container_name: canal-server restart: always ports: - 11110:11110 - 11111:11111 - 11112:11112 volumes: - /home/mycontainers/canal-server/conf:/home/admin/canal-server/conf - /home/mycontainers/canal-server/logs:/home/admin/canal-server/logs network_mode: mynetwork depends_on: - mysql - rabbitmq # - canal-admin image: canal/canal-server:v1.1.5 2.第二步：配置Canal
我们需要修改下Canal环境的配置文件：canal.properties和instance.properties，映射Canal中的以下两个路径：
-
/home/admin/canal-server/conf/canal.properties。其中canal.destinations意思是server上部署的instance列表， -
/home/admin/canal-server/conf/example/instance.properties。这里的/example是指instance即实例名，要和上面canal.properties内instance配置对应，canal会为实例创建对应的文件夹，一个Client对应一个实例
以下是我们需要准备的两个配置文件具体内容：
（1）第1步：创建canal.properties，并上传到指定位置
# 第一步：创建配置文件所在的目录
mkdir -p /home/admin/canal-server/conf# 第二步：把配置文件上传到下面的目录
cd /home/admin/canal-server/conf附：文件内容
################################################
######## common argument ############
################################################
# tcp bind ip
canal.ip =
# register ip to zookeeper
canal.register.ip =
canal.port = 11111
canal.metrics.pull.port = 11112
# canal instance user/passwd
# canal.user = canal
# canal.passwd = E3619321C1A937C46A0D8BD1DAC39F93B27D4458 # canal admin config
# canal.admin.manager = canal-admin:8089 # canal.admin.port = 11110
# canal.admin.user = admin
# canal.admin.passwd = 6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 # admin auto register 自动注册
# canal.admin.register.auto = true
# 集群名，单机则不写
# canal.admin.register.cluster =
# Canal Server 名字
# canal.admin.register.name = canal-admin canal.zkServers =
# flush data to zk
canal.zookeeper.flush.period = 1000
canal.withoutNetty = false
# tcp, kafka, rocketMQ, rabbitMQ, pulsarMQ
canal.serverMode = tcp
# flush meta cursor/parse position to file
canal.file.data.dir = ${canal.conf.dir}
canal.file.flush.period = 1000
# memory store RingBuffer size, should be Math.pow(2,n)
canal.instance.memory.buffer.size = 16384
# memory store RingBuffer used memory unit size , default 1kb
canal.instance.memory.buffer.memunit = 1024
# meory store gets mode used MEMSIZE or ITEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.batch.mode = MEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.rawEntry = true # detecing config
canal.instance.detecting.enable = false
#canal.instance.detecting.sql = insert into retl.xdual values(1,now()) on duplicate key update x=now()
canal.instance.detecting.sql = select 1
canal.instance.detecting.interval.time = 3
canal.instance.detecting.retry.threshold = 3
canal.instance.detecting.heartbeatHaEnable = false # support maximum transaction size, more than the size of the transaction will be cut into multiple transactions delivery
canal.instance.transaction.size = 1024
# mysql fallback connected to new master should fallback times
canal.instance.fallbackIntervalInSeconds = 60 # network config
canal.instance.network.receiveBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.sendBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.soTimeout = 30 # binlog filter config
canal.instance.filter.druid.ddl = true
canal.instance.filter.query.dcl = false
canal.instance.filter.query.dml = false
canal.instance.filter.query.ddl = false
canal.instance.filter.table.error = false
canal.instance.filter.rows = false
canal.instance.filter.transaction.entry = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.insert = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.update = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.delete = false # binlog format/image check
canal.instance.binlog.format = ROW,STATEMENT,MIXED
canal.instance.binlog.image = FULL,MINIMAL,NOBLOB # binlog ddl isolation
canal.instance.get.ddl.isolation = false # parallel parser config
canal.instance.parser.parallel = true
# concurrent thread number, default 60% available processors, suggest not to exceed Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()
canal.instance.parser.parallelThreadSize = 16
# disruptor ringbuffer size, must be power of 2
canal.instance.parser.parallelBufferSize = 256 # table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable = true
canal.instance.tsdb.dir = ${canal.file.data.dir:../conf}/${canal.instance.destination:}
canal.instance.tsdb.url = jdbc:h2:${canal.instance.tsdb.dir}/h2;CACHE_SIZE=1000;MODE=MYSQL;
canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername = canal
canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword = canal
# dump snapshot interval, default 24 hour
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.interval = 24
# purge snapshot expire , default 360 hour(15 days)
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.expire = 360 ################################################
######## destinations ############
################################################
canal.destinations = canal-exchange
# conf root dir
canal.conf.dir = ../conf
# auto scan instance dir add/remove and start/stop instance
canal.auto.scan = true
canal.auto.scan.interval = 5
# set this value to 'true' means that when binlog pos not found, skip to latest.
# WARN: pls keep 'false' in production env, or if you know what you want.
canal.auto.reset.latest.pos.mode = false canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/h2-tsdb.xml
#canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/mysql-tsdb.xml canal.instance.global.mode = spring
canal.instance.global.lazy = false
canal.instance.global.manager.address = ${canal.admin.manager}
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/memory-instance.xml
canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/file-instance.xml
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/default-instance.xml #################################################
######## MQ Properties ############
#################################################
# aliyun ak/sk , support rds/mq
canal.aliyun.accessKey =
canal.aliyun.secretKey =
canal.aliyun.uid= canal.mq.flatMessage = true
canal.mq.canalBatchSize = 50
canal.mq.canalGetTimeout = 100
# Set this value to "cloud", if you want open message trace feature in aliyun.
canal.mq.accessChannel = local canal.mq.database.hash = true
canal.mq.send.thread.size = 30
canal.mq.build.thread.size = 8 #################################################
######## RabbitMQ ############
#################################################
rabbitmq.host = myrabbit
rabbitmq.virtual.host = /
rabbitmq.exchange = canal-exchange
rabbitmq.username = admin
rabbitmq.password = RabbitMQ密码 此时canal.serverMode = tcp，即TCP直连，我们先开启这个服务，然后手写Java客户端代码去连接它，等下再改为RabbitMQ。
通过注释可以看到，canal支持的服务模式有：tcp, kafka, rocketMQ, rabbitMQ, pulsarMQ，即主流的消息队列都支持
（2）第2步：创建instance.properties，并上传到指定位置
# 第一步：创建配置文件所在的目录
mkdir -p /home/admin/canal-server/conf/example# 第二步：把配置文件上传到下面的目录
cd /home/admin/canal-server/conf/example附：文件内容
################################################
# mysql serverId , v1.0.26+ will autoGen
#canal.instance.mysql.slaveId=123 # enable gtid use true/false
canal.instance.gtidon=false # position info
canal.instance.master.address=mymysql:3306
canal.instance.master.journal.name=
canal.instance.master.position=
canal.instance.master.timestamp=
canal.instance.master.gtid= # rds oss binlog
canal.instance.rds.accesskey=
canal.instance.rds.secretkey=
canal.instance.rds.instanceId= # table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable=true
#canal.instance.tsdb.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/canal_tsdb
#canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername=canal
#canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword=canal #canal.instance.standby.address =
#canal.instance.standby.journal.name =
#canal.instance.standby.position =
#canal.instance.standby.timestamp =
#canal.instance.standby.gtid= # username/password
canal.instance.dbUsername=canal
canal.instance.dbPassword=canal
canal.instance.connectionCharset = UTF-8
# enable druid Decrypt database password
canal.instance.enableDruid=false
#canal.instance.pwdPublicKey=MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALK4BUxdDltRRE5/zXpVEVPUgunvscYFtEip3pmLlhrWpacX7y7GCMo2/JM6LeHmiiNdH1FWgGCpUfircSwlWKUCAwEAAQ== # table regex
canal.instance.filter.regex=.*\..*
# table black regex
canal.instance.filter.black.regex=mysql\.slave_.*
# table field filter(format: schema1.tableName1:field1/field2,schema2.tableName2:field1/field2)
#canal.instance.filter.field=test1.t_product:id/subject/keywords,test2.t_company:id/name/contact/ch
# table field black filter(format: schema1.tableName1:field1/field2,schema2.tableName2:field1/field2)
#canal.instance.filter.black.field=test1.t_product:subject/product_image,test2.t_company:id/name/contact/ch # mq config
canal.mq.topic=canal-routing-key
# dynamic topic route by schema or table regex
#canal.mq.dynamicTopic=mytest1.user,topic2:mytest2\..*,.*\..*
canal.mq.partition=0 把这两个配置文件映射好，再次提醒，注意实例的路径名，默认是：/example/instance.properties
（3）第3步：修改canal配置文件
我们需要修改这个实例配置文件，去连接MySQL，确保以下的配置正确：
canal.instance.master.address=mymysql:3306
canal.instance.dbUsername=canal
canal.instance.dbPassword=canal
mymysql是同为docker容器的MySQL环境，端口3306是指内部端口。
这里多说明一下，docker端口配置时假设为：13306:3306，那么容器对外的端口就是13306，内部是3306，在本示例中，MySQL和Canal都是容器环境，所以Canal连接MySQL需要满足以下条件：
-
处于同一网段（docker-compose.yml中的mynetwork）
-
访问内部端口（即3306，而非13306）
dbUsername和dbPassword为MySQL账号密码，为了开发方便可以使用root/root，但是我仍建议自行创建用户并分配访问权限：
# 进入docker中的mysql容器
docker exec -it mymysql bash
# 进入mysql指令模式
mysql -uroot -proot # 编写MySQL语句并执行
> ...
-- 选择mysql
use mysql;
-- 创建canal用户，账密：canal/canal
create user 'canal'@'%' identified by 'canal';
-- 分配权限，以及允许所有主机登录该用户
grant SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to 'canal'@'%'; -- 刷新一下使其生效
flush privileges; -- 附带一个删除用户指令
drop user 'canal'@'%';
用navicat或者shell去登录canal这个用户，可以访问即创建成功
（4）第4步：启动，它将尝试自动完成包括构建镜像，（重新）创建服务，启动服务，并关联服务相关容器的一系列操作。
# 第一步：仓库网络
docker network create mynetwork
# 第二步：启动
sudo docker-compose -f /home/test-canal/docker-compose.yml up -d
（5）第5步：开放端口
最近使用 OpenEuler 部署项目，发现防火墙放通端口的方法找不到，因此在这里记录：
# firewall-cmd --query-port=8084/tcp --permanent
no
# firewall-cmd --add-port=8084/tcp --permanent
success
# firewall-cmd --reload
success
# firewall-cmd --query-port=8084/tcp --permanent
3.第三步：整合SpringBoot Canal实现客户端
（1）第1步：idea新建一个spring boot项目
有必要的话降低spring boot的版本：
（2）第2步：Maven依赖：
<canal.version>1.1.5</canal.version> <!--canal-->
<dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId> <artifactId>canal.client</artifactId> <version>${canal.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId> <artifactId>canal.protocol</artifactId> <version>${canal.version}</version>
</dependency> （3）第3步：新增组件并启动：
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.List; @Component
public class CanalClient { private final static int BATCH_SIZE = 1000; public void run() { // 创建链接 CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 11111), "canal-exchange", "canal", "canal"); try { //打开连接 connector.connect(); //订阅数据库表,全部表 connector.subscribe(".*..*"); //回滚到未进行ack的地方，下次fetch的时候，可以从最后一个没有ack的地方开始拿 connector.rollback(); while (true) { // 获取指定数量的数据 Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(BATCH_SIZE); //获取批量ID long batchId = message.getId(); //获取批量的数量 int size = message.getEntries().size(); //如果没有数据 if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) { try { //线程休眠2秒 Thread.sleep(2000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } else { //如果有数据,处理数据 printEntry(message.getEntries()); } //进行 batch id 的确认。确认之后，小于等于此 batchId 的 Message 都会被确认。 connector.ack(batchId); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { connector.disconnect(); } } /** * 打印canal server解析binlog获得的实体类信息 */ private static void printEntry(List<CanalEntry.Entry> entrys) { for (CanalEntry.Entry entry : entrys) { if (entry.getEntryType() == CanalEntry.EntryType.TRANSACTIONBEGIN || entry.getEntryType() == CanalEntry.EntryType.TRANSACTIONEND) { //开启/关闭事务的实体类型，跳过 continue; } //RowChange对象，包含了一行数据变化的所有特征 //比如isDdl 是否是ddl变更操作 sql 具体的ddl sql beforeColumns afterColumns 变更前后的数据字段等等 CanalEntry.RowChange rowChage; try { rowChage = CanalEntry.RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue()); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException("ERROR # parser of eromanga-event has an error , data:" + entry.toString(), e); } //获取操作类型：insert/update/delete类型 CanalEntry.EventType eventType = rowChage.getEventType(); //打印Header信息 System.out.println(String.format("================》; binlog[%s:%s] , name[%s,%s] , eventType : %s", entry.getHeader().getLogfileName(), entry.getHeader().getLogfileOffset(), entry.getHeader().getSchemaName(), entry.getHeader().getTableName(), eventType)); //判断是否是DDL语句 if (rowChage.getIsDdl()) { System.out.println("================》;isDdl: true,sql:" + rowChage.getSql()); } //获取RowChange对象里的每一行数据，打印出来 for (CanalEntry.RowData rowData : rowChage.getRowDatasList()) { //如果是删除语句 if (eventType == CanalEntry.EventType.DELETE) { printColumn(rowData.getBeforeColumnsList()); //如果是新增语句 } else if (eventType == CanalEntry.EventType.INSERT) { printColumn(rowData.getAfterColumnsList()); //如果是更新的语句 } else { //变更前的数据 System.out.println("------->; before"); printColumn(rowData.getBeforeColumnsList()); //变更后的数据 System.out.println("------->; after"); printColumn(rowData.getAfterColumnsList()); } } } } private static void printColumn(List<CanalEntry.Column> columns) { for (CanalEntry.Column column : columns) { System.out.println(column.getName() + " : " + column.getValue() + " update=" + column.getUpdated()); } }
} （4）第4步：启动类Application：
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
public class CanalDemoApplication extends CommandLineRunner {@Autowiredprivate CanalClient canalClient;@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {canalClient.run();}public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(CanalDemoApplication.class, args);}}
4.第四步：测试
启动程序，此时新增或修改数据库中的数据，我们就能从客户端中监听到
5.报错
（1）【gpt】ERROR: for mymysql Cannot start service mysql: network mynetwork not found
这个错误提示表明 Docker 容器无法找到名为 "mynetwork" 的网络。可能是由于以下几个原因导致的：
-
你没有创建名为 "mynetwork" 的 Docker 网络。在运行容器之前，需要先创建一个自定义网络。你可以使用以下命令创建一个自定义网络：
docker network create mynetwork然后再尝试启动
mysql服务。 -
如果你已经创建了 "mynetwork" 网络，但是它位于不同的 Docker 主机上，或者由于某种原因被删除了，那么容器将无法找到该网络。请确保网络存在，并且与运行
mysql容器的主机关联。 -
可能是 Docker daemon 没有正确配置网络驱动程序，导致无法创建网络。你可以尝试重启 Docker 服务，或者检查 Docker 配置文件以确保网络驱动程序配置正确。
如果以上方法都没有解决问题，可以提供更多关于你的环境和具体操作的信息，以便更好地帮助你解决问题。
（2）ERROR: for canal-server Cannot start service canal-server: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: error during container init: error mounting "/home/mycontainers/canal-server/conf/canal.properties" to rootfs at "/home/admin/canal-server/conf/canal.properties": mount /home/mycontainers/canal-server/conf/canal.properties:/home/admin/canal-server/conf/canal.properties (via /proc/self/fd/6), flags: 0x5000: not a directory: unknown: Are you trying to mount a directory onto a file (or vice-versa)? Check if the specified host path exists and is the expected type
volumes:
- /home/mycontainers/canal-server/conf/canal.properties:/home/admin/canal-server/conf/canal.properties
- /home/mycontainers/canal-server/conf/instance.properties:/home/admin/canal-server/conf/example/instance.properties
- /home/mycontainers/canal-server/logs:/home/admin/canal-server/logs
改为
volumes:
- /home/mycontainers/canal-server/conf:/home/admin/canal-server/conf
- /home/mycontainers/canal-server/logs:/home/admin/canal-server/logs
参考：
1. SpringBoot整合Canal+RabbitMQ监听数据变更~ (qq.com)
2. 实战！基于canal同步mysql数据到elasticsearch - 知乎 (zhihu.com)
