HAL STM32+EC11编码器实现增减调节及单击、双击、长按功能

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• 📺实现效果演示：
  

📘内容提要

• 📝本文主要实现，通过STM32 HAL库开发，实现的EC11编码器功能，按键结合状态机思想实现的拓展单击、双击、长按的综合功能。单片机硬件上使用了2个外部中断引脚实现。

• 🗝该功能可以很方便实现移植，例如使用在OLED屏幕显示菜单上。

• 🔖验证对象：STM32F401
• 🍁EC11编码器部分的原理图：
  

🛠stm32cubemx配置

• 🔧将EC11中键引脚配置为输入模式、开启内部上拉模式，其余2个引脚配置为外部中断引脚（一个配置为下降沿中断，另外一个配置为上、下降沿中断，这一点很关键！）。

✅EC11编码器增减功能，通过外部中断实现

• 🌿外部中断回调处理函数：

void HAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */UNUSED(GPIO_Pin);static uint8_t count = 0;static uint8_t b_flag;GPIO_PinState a_value = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(EC11_A_GPIO_Port, EC11_A_Pin);GPIO_PinState b_value = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(EC11_B_GPIO_Port, EC11_B_Pin);if(GPIO_Pin == EC11_A_Pin) {if(a_value == RESET && count == 0) {b_flag = 0;if(b_value) b_flag = 1;count = 1;}if(a_value == SET && count == 1) {if(b_value == RESET && b_flag == 1) { //开始逆时针转动test_num--;dir_flag = 1;}if(b_value && b_flag == 0) { //开始顺时针转动test_num++;dir_flag = 0;}count = 0;}}/* EC11中键，按键中断 */// if(GPIO_Pin == EC11_KEY_Pin)// {// key_click_flag = 1;// }
}

📓单击、双击、长按功能实现驱动代码

• 📝KEY.C

#include "key.h"//代码来源网络 侵权联系删除
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------
|  short click                                                       |
|  ______                   ________                                 |
|     |  \                 /  |                                      |
|     |   \_______________/   |                                      |
|     |     |           |     |                                      |
|     |shake|  < long   |shake|                                      |
|                                                                    |-------------------------------------------------------------------
|  double click                                                      |
|  ______                   _____________                   ____     |
|     |  \                 /  |       |  \                 /  |      |
|     |   \_______________/   |       |   \_______________/   |      |
|     |     |           |     | < max |     |           |     |      |
|     |shake|  < long   |shake|dclick |shake|  any time |shake|      |
|                                                                    |--------------------------------------------------------------------
|  long click                                                        |
|  ______                                           ________         |
|     |  \                                         /  |              |
|     |   \_______________________________________/   |              |
|     |     |                                   |     |              |
|     |shake|             > long click          |shake|              |
|                                                                    |--------------------------------------------------------------------*/#define KEY_STATUS_DOWN_CHECK                0x00       
#define KEY_STATUS_DOWN_SHAKE                0x01
#define KEY_STATUS_DOWN_HANDLE               0x02
#define KEY_STATUS_LONG_CHECK                0x03
#define KEY_STATUS_SHORT_UP_SHAKE            0x04
#define KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_CHECK              0x05
#define KEY_STATUS_SHORT_UP_HANDLE           0x06
#define KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_DOWN_SHAKE         0x07
#define KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_CHECK           0x08
#define KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_SHAKE           0x09
#define KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_HANDLE          0x0a
#define KEY_STATUS_LONG_HANDLE               0x0b
#define KEY_STATUS_CONTINUE_CHECK            0x0c
#define KEY_STATUS_LONG_UP_SHAKE             0x0d
#define KEY_STATUS_LONG_UP_HANDLE            0x0e#define KEY_READ_DOWN                        0x00  /* key is pressed          */
#define KEY_READ_UP                          0x01  /* Key isn't pressed       */ #define KEY_BUF_SIZE                         0x10  /* key value buffer size   */struct
{unsigned short value[KEY_BUF_SIZE];unsigned char rd;unsigned char wr;
}key_buf;struct key_dev
{unsigned char status;              /* state machine status                */unsigned char num;                 /* number                              */unsigned short count_ms;           /* ms counter                          */unsigned short long_click_ms;      /* long click check min time           */unsigned short shake_filter_ms;    /* shake filter time                   */unsigned short max_dclick_ms;      /* double click max interval time      */unsigned short continue_send_ms;   /* after long, continue send interval  */unsigned char (*read_key)(void);   /* key read pin status function pointer*/
};/******************************************************************************User Interface [START]
*******************************************************************************/unsigned char key0_read(void)
{if (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(KEY_GPIO_Port, KEY_Pin) == GPIO_PIN_RESET){return KEY_READ_DOWN;}else{return KEY_READ_UP;}
}struct key_dev key_dev[] = {{KEY_STATUS_DOWN_CHECK,KEY0_NUM,0,1500,20,300,1000,(unsigned char (*)(void))key0_read,},/*..user add other key ..*/};/******************************************************************************User Interface [END]
*******************************************************************************/static void key_write_value(unsigned short key_val);
static void key_status_down_check(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_down_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_down_handle(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_long_check(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_short_up_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_double_check(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_short_up_handle(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_double_down_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_double_up_check(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_double_up_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_double_up_handle(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_long_hanle(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_continue_check(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_long_up_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev);
static void key_status_long_up_handle(struct key_dev *key_dev);/**
description : write key vaule to buffer
param :  key_val - key value , (KEY_EVENT | KEY_NUMBER<<8) 
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_write_value(unsigned short key_val)
{   key_buf.value[key_buf.wr++] = key_val;key_buf.wr %= KEY_BUF_SIZE;/*overflow handle*/if(key_buf.wr == key_buf.rd){key_buf.rd++;key_buf.rd %= KEY_BUF_SIZE;}
}/**
description : read key vaule from buffer
param : None
retval : key_val - key value , (KEY_EVENT | KEY_NUMBER<<8)
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
unsigned short key_read_value(void)
{unsigned short key_val;if(key_buf.wr == key_buf.rd){key_val = KEY_EVENT_NULL;}else{key_val = key_buf.value[key_buf.rd++];key_buf.rd %= KEY_BUF_SIZE;}return key_val;
}/**
description : check key whether press down
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_down_check(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_read == KEY_READ_DOWN){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOWN_SHAKE;key_dev->count_ms = 0;}
}/**
description : filter shake after key pressed down
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_down_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;key_dev->count_ms++;if(key_dev->count_ms < key_dev->shake_filter_ms){return;}key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_read == KEY_READ_DOWN){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOWN_HANDLE;}else{key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOWN_CHECK;}
}/**
description : key press down handle after pressed down filter shake  
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_down_handle(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned short key_val = key_dev->num<<8 | KEY_EVENT_DOWN;key_write_value(key_val);key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_LONG_CHECK;key_dev->count_ms = 0;}/**
description : check key whether long click   
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_long_check(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;key_dev->count_ms++;key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_dev->count_ms < key_dev->long_click_ms){if(key_read == KEY_READ_UP){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_SHORT_UP_SHAKE;                 }return;}key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_LONG_HANDLE;            }/**
description : short cilck key up filter shake   
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_short_up_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;static unsigned short old = 0xffff;if(old == 0xffff){old = key_dev->count_ms;key_dev->count_ms = 0;}key_dev->count_ms++;if(key_dev->count_ms < key_dev->shake_filter_ms){return;}key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_read == KEY_READ_UP){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_CHECK;key_dev->count_ms = 0;}else{key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_LONG_CHECK;key_dev->count_ms += old;        }old = 0xffff;
}/**
description : double cilck check. we consider double click event if key pressed down when after short click up and within max double click interval
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_double_check(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;key_dev->count_ms++;key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_dev->count_ms < key_dev->max_dclick_ms){if(key_read == KEY_READ_DOWN){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_DOWN_SHAKE;key_dev->count_ms = 0;                 }}else{key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_SHORT_UP_HANDLE;            }}/**
description : short click key up handle
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_short_up_handle(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned short key_val;key_val= key_dev->num<<8 | KEY_EVENT_SHORT;key_write_value(key_val);key_val= key_dev->num<<8 | KEY_EVENT_UP_SHORT;key_write_value(key_val);key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOWN_CHECK;
}/**
description : double click key down filter shake
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_double_down_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;static unsigned short old = 0xffff;if(old == 0xffff){old = key_dev->count_ms;key_dev->count_ms = 0;}key_dev->count_ms++;if(key_dev->count_ms < key_dev->shake_filter_ms){return;}key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_read == KEY_READ_DOWN){unsigned short key_val;key_val= key_dev->num<<8 | KEY_EVENT_DOUBLE;key_write_value(key_val);key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_CHECK;key_dev->count_ms = 0;}else{key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_CHECK;key_dev->count_ms += old;        }old = 0xffff;
}/**
description : double click key up check
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_double_up_check(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_read == KEY_READ_UP){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_SHAKE;key_dev->count_ms = 0;}
}/**
description : double click key up filter shake
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_double_up_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;key_dev->count_ms++;if(key_dev->count_ms < key_dev->shake_filter_ms){return;}key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_read == KEY_READ_UP){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_HANDLE;}else{key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_CHECK;}}/**
description : double click key up handle
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_double_up_handle(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned short key_val;key_val= key_dev->num<<8 | KEY_EVENT_UP_DOUBLE;key_write_value(key_val);key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOWN_CHECK;
}/**
description : long click handle after long click check
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_long_hanle(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned short key_val;key_val= key_dev->num<<8 | KEY_EVENT_LONG;key_write_value(key_val);key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_CONTINUE_CHECK;key_dev->count_ms = 0;
}/**
description : continue send short click if long click time overflow
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_continue_check(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;unsigned short key_val;key_dev->count_ms++;key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_read == KEY_READ_UP){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_LONG_UP_SHAKE;}if(key_dev->count_ms < key_dev->continue_send_ms){return;}if(key_dev->continue_send_ms == 0){return;}key_val= key_dev->num<<8 | KEY_EVENT_SHORT;key_write_value(key_val);key_dev->count_ms = 0;
}/**
description : long click key up filter shake
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_long_up_shake(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned char key_read;static unsigned short old = 0xffff;if(old == 0xffff){old = key_dev->count_ms;key_dev->count_ms = 0;}key_dev->count_ms++;if(key_dev->count_ms < key_dev->shake_filter_ms){return;}key_read = key_dev->read_key();if(key_read == KEY_READ_UP){key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_LONG_UP_HANDLE;}else{key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_CONTINUE_CHECK;key_dev->count_ms += old;      }old = 0xffff;
}/**
description : long click key up filter handle
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_status_long_up_handle(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{unsigned short key_val;key_val= key_dev->num<<8 | KEY_EVENT_UP_LONG;key_write_value(key_val);key_dev->status = KEY_STATUS_DOWN_CHECK;
}/**
description : run key state machine once every 1ms
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
*/
static void key_check_1ms(struct key_dev *key_dev)
{switch(key_dev->status){case KEY_STATUS_DOWN_CHECK :key_status_down_check(key_dev);break;      case KEY_STATUS_DOWN_SHAKE : key_status_down_shake(key_dev);break;           case KEY_STATUS_DOWN_HANDLE : key_status_down_handle(key_dev);break;          case KEY_STATUS_LONG_CHECK : key_status_long_check(key_dev);break;              case KEY_STATUS_SHORT_UP_SHAKE :  key_status_short_up_shake(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_CHECK :key_status_double_check(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_SHORT_UP_HANDLE :key_status_short_up_handle(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_DOWN_SHAKE : key_status_double_down_shake(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_CHECK :key_status_double_up_check(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_SHAKE :key_status_double_up_shake(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_DOUBLE_UP_HANDLE :key_status_double_up_handle(key_dev);break;         case KEY_STATUS_LONG_HANDLE :key_status_long_hanle(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_CONTINUE_CHECK : key_status_continue_check(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_LONG_UP_SHAKE : key_status_long_up_shake(key_dev);break;case KEY_STATUS_LONG_UP_HANDLE :  key_status_long_up_handle(key_dev);break;default:key_dev->status = key_dev->status;}
}/**
description : run all key state machine once every 1ms
param : key_dev - key device pointer
retval : None
author : huohongpeng
data : 2017-03-02
call :timer(1ms) interrupt handle 
*/
void key_check_all_loop_1ms(void)
{unsigned char key_num, i;key_num = sizeof(key_dev)/sizeof(struct key_dev);for(i = 0; i < key_num; i++){key_check_1ms(&key_dev[i]);}}

• 📄KEY.h

#ifndef __key_H
#define __key_H#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C" {
#endif #include "main.h"#define shortmaxclickms (300)
#define shortminclickms (10)
#define longclickms (800)#define KEY_EVENT_NULL                     0x0000  
#define KEY_EVENT_DOWN                     0x0001
#define KEY_EVENT_UP_SHORT                 0x0002  // 短按后松开事件
#define KEY_EVENT_UP_LONG                  0x0003  // 长按后松开事件
#define KEY_EVENT_UP_DOUBLE                0x0004  // 双击后松开事件
#define KEY_EVENT_SHORT                    0x0005
#define KEY_EVENT_LONG                     0x0006
#define KEY_EVENT_DOUBLE                   0x0007#define KEY_READ_DOWN                        0x00  /* key is pressed          */
#define KEY_READ_UP                          0x01  /* Key isn't pressed       */ /******************************************************************************User Interface [START]
*******************************************************************************/#define KEY0_NUM                           0x0001#define KEY0_DOWN               (KEY_EVENT_DOWN      | KEY0_NUM<<8)
#define KEY0_UP_SHORT           (KEY_EVENT_UP_SHORT  | KEY0_NUM<<8)
#define KEY0_UP_LONG            (KEY_EVENT_UP_LONG   | KEY0_NUM<<8)
#define KEY0_UP_DOUBLE          (KEY_EVENT_UP_DOUBLE | KEY0_NUM<<8)
#define KEY0_SHORT              (KEY_EVENT_SHORT     | KEY0_NUM<<8)
#define KEY0_LONG               (KEY_EVENT_LONG      | KEY0_NUM<<8) 
#define KEY0_DOUBLE             (KEY_EVENT_DOUBLE    | KEY0_NUM<<8)/******************************************************************************User Interface [END]
*******************************************************************************/void key_check_all_loop_1ms(void);
unsigned short key_read_value(void);#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif#endif

🔱main函数中按键处理内容

#include "stdio.h"
#include "key.h"
int32_t test_num = 0;//支持正负数值增减
uint8_t dir_flag = 2; /*  方向标志 0: 顺时 1: 逆时 2: 未动*/
uint8_t key_click_flag = 0;//EC11 中键unsigned short key_value;int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */uint32_t tick2, tick3;/* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */uint32_t Main_Fosc = HAL_RCC_GetSysClockFreq();printf("Main_Fosc:%dHz \r\n", Main_Fosc);/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while(1) {/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */if(dir_flag != 2) {switch(dir_flag) {case 0:printf("顺时针转动\r\n");break;case 1:printf("逆时针转动\r\n");break;}dir_flag = 2;printf("num: %d\n", test_num);}if(HAL_GetTick() - tick2 >= 1) {tick2 = HAL_GetTick();key_check_all_loop_1ms();}/* Key按键按下查询 */if(HAL_GetTick() - tick3 >= 10) {tick3 = HAL_GetTick();key_value = key_read_value();if(key_value == KEY0_UP_SHORT) {	//单击事件HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin);// 实现单击KEYtest_num++;printf("Press 单击,num:%d\r\n", test_num);} else if(key_value == KEY0_UP_DOUBLE) {	//双击事件HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin);test_num += 2;printf("\r\nDouble Press 双击,num:%d\r\n", test_num);} else if(key_value == KEY0_LONG) {	//长按事件printf("\r\nLong Press 长按\r\n");// 实现长按KEYtest_num = 0;//清除编码器计数值printf("按键计数清零,num:%d\r\n", test_num);}}}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

📚工程源码

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1zTMkY8iEGSCu_gSavR_I3A?pwd=4m2q 
提取码：4m2q