STM32存储左右互搏 模拟U盘桥接QSPI总线FATS读写FLASH W25QXX
STM32的USB接口可以模拟成为U盘，通过FATS文件系统对连接的存储单元进行U盘方式的读写。
这里介绍STM32CUBEIDE开发平台HAL库模拟U盘桥接Quad SPI总线FATS读写W25Q各型号FLASH的例程。
FLASH是常用的一种非易失存储单元，W25QXX系列Flash有不同容量的型号，如W25Q64的容量为64Mbit，也就是8MByte。
W25QXX介绍
W25QXX的SOIC封装如下所示，在采用QUAL SPI而不是SPI时，管脚定义为：
即由片选(/CS), 时钟(CLK), 双向4根输入输出线(IO0, IO1, IO2, IO3)组成6线QSPI信号接口。VCC和GND提供电源和接地连接。
例程采用STM32H750VBT6芯片, FLASH可以选择为8/16/32/64/128/256/512/1024 Mbit的W25Q型号。
STM32工程配置
首先建立基本工程并设置时钟：
对于STM32H7，有专用的内部48MHz时钟用于USB接口, 其它应用采用内部高速时钟接口即可:
设置UART1作为通讯串口：
单颗FLASH连接到了QSPI接口Bank1，对QSPI进行配置：
对FATS文件系统进行配置
STM32H7资源多，可以将堆栈开大些：
保存并生成初始工程代码：
STM32工程代码
UART串口printf打印输出实现参考：STM32 UART串口printf函数应用及浮点打印代码空间节省 (HAL)
建立W25Q访问的库头文件W25QXX_QSPI.h:
#ifndef INC_W25QXX_H_
#define INC_W25QXX_H_#include "main.h"//W25QXX serial chip list:
#define W25Q80_ID 0XEF13
#define W25Q16_ID 0XEF14
#define W25Q32_ID 0XEF15
#define W25Q64_ID 0XEF16
#define W25Q128_ID 0XEF17
#define W25Q256_ID 0XEF18
#define W25Q512_ID 0XEF19
#define W25Q1024_ID 0XEF20extern uint16_t W25QXX_TYPE; //To indicate W25QXX type used in this procedure//command table for W25QXX access
#define W25X_WriteEnable 0x06
#define W25X_WriteDisable 0x04
#define W25X_ReadStatusReg1 0x05
#define W25X_ReadStatusReg2 0x35
#define W25X_ReadStatusReg3 0x15
#define W25X_WriteStatusReg1 0x01
#define W25X_WriteStatusReg2 0x31
#define W25X_WriteStatusReg3 0x11
#define W25X_ReadData 0x03
#define W25X_FastReadData 0x0B
#define W25X_FastReadDual 0x3B
#define W25X_PageProgram 0x02
#define W25X_BlockErase 0xD8
#define W25X_SectorErase 0x20
#define W25X_ChipErase 0xC7
#define W25X_PowerDown 0xB9
#define W25X_ReleasePowerDown 0xAB
#define W25X_DeviceID 0xAB
#define W25X_ManufactDeviceID 0x90
#define W25X_JedecDeviceID 0x9F
#define W25X_Enable4ByteAddr 0xB7
#define W25X_Exit4ByteAddr 0xE9#define W25X_QUAD_QuadInputPageProgram 0x32
#define W25X_QUAD_FastReadQuadOutput 0x6B
#define W25X_QUAD_ManufactDeviceID 0x94
#define W25X_QUAD_FastRead 0xEB
#define W25X_QUAD_SetBurstwithWrap 0x77uint8_t W25QXX_Init(void);
uint16_t W25QXX_ReadID(void); //Read W25QXX ID
uint8_t W25QXX_ReadSR(uint8_t reg_num); //Read from status register
void W25QXX_4ByteAddr_Enable(void); //Enable 4-byte address mode
void W25QXX_Write_SR(uint8_t reg_num,uint8_t d); //Write to status register
void W25QXX_Write_Enable(void); //Write enable
void W25QXX_Write_Disable(void); //Write disable
void W25QXX_Write_NoCheck(uint8_t* pBuffer,uint32_t WriteAddr,uint16_t NumByteToWrite); //Write operation w/o check
void W25QXX_Read(uint8_t* pBuffer,uint32_t ReadAddr,uint16_t NumByteToRead); //Read operation
void W25QXX_Write(uint8_t* pBuffer,uint32_t WriteAddr,uint16_t NumByteToWrite); //Write operation
void W25QXX_Erase_Chip(void); //Erase whole chip
void W25QXX_Erase_Sector(uint32_t Sector_Num); //Erase sector in specific sector number
void W25QXX_Wait_Busy(void); //Wait idle status before next operation
void W25QXX_PowerDown(void); //Enter power-down mode
void W25QXX_WAKEUP(void); //Wake-up#endif /* INC_W25QXX_H_ */建立W25Q访问的库头文件W25QXX_QSPI.c:
#include "W25QXX_QSPI.h"extern QSPI_HandleTypeDef hqspi;
extern void PY_Delay_us_t(uint32_t Delay);
extern HAL_StatusTypeDef QSPI_Send_CMD(uint8_t cmd,uint32_t addr,uint8_t mode,uint8_t dmcycle);
extern HAL_StatusTypeDef QSPI_Receive(uint8_t* buf,uint32_t datalen);
extern HAL_StatusTypeDef QSPI_Transmit(uint8_t* buf,uint32_t datalen);#define Use_Quad_Line 1uint16_t W25QXX_TYPE=W25Q64_ID;//W25QXX initialization
uint8_t W25QXX_Init(void)
{uint8_t temp;W25QXX_TYPE=W25QXX_ReadID();if((W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q256_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q512_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q1024_ID)){temp=W25QXX_ReadSR(3); //read status register 3if((temp&0X01)==0) //judge address mode and configure to 4-byte address mode{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_Enable4ByteAddr, 0x00, (0<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0);}}if((W25QXX_TYPE==0x0000)||(W25QXX_TYPE==0xFFFF)) return 0;else return 1;
}//Read status registers of W25QXX
//reg_num: register number from 1 to 3
//return: value of selected register//SR1 (default 0x00)：
//BIT7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
//SPR RV TB BP2 BP1 BP0 WEL BUSY
//SPR: default 0, status register protection bit used with WP
//TB,BP2,BP1,BP0: FLASH region write protection configuration
//WEL: write enable lock
//BUSY: busy flag (1: busy; 0: idle)//SR2：
//BIT7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
//SUS CMP LB3 LB2 LB1 (R) QE SRP1//SR3：
//BIT7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
//HOLD/RST DRV1 DRV0 (R) (R) WPS ADP ADS
uint8_t W25QXX_ReadSR(uint8_t reg_num)
{uint8_t byte=0,command=0;switch(reg_num){case 1:command=W25X_ReadStatusReg1; //To read status register 1break;case 2:command=W25X_ReadStatusReg2; //To read status register 2break;case 3:command=W25X_ReadStatusReg3; //To read status register 3break;default:command=W25X_ReadStatusReg1;break;}QSPI_Send_CMD(command, 0x00, (1<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send commandQSPI_Receive(&byte,1); //read datareturn byte;
}//Write status registers of W25QXX
//reg_num: register number from 1 to 3
//d: data for updating status register
void W25QXX_Write_SR(uint8_t reg_num,uint8_t d)
{uint8_t command=0;switch(reg_num){case 1:command=W25X_WriteStatusReg1; //To write status register 1break;case 2:command=W25X_WriteStatusReg2; //To write status register 2break;case 3:command=W25X_WriteStatusReg3; //To write status register 3break;default:command=W25X_WriteStatusReg1;break;}QSPI_Send_CMD(command, 0x00, (1<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send commandQSPI_Transmit(&d, 1); //write data
}
//W25QXX write enable
void W25QXX_Write_Enable(void)
{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_WriteEnable, 0x00, (0<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send command
}
//W25QXX write disable
void W25QXX_Write_Disable(void)
{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_WriteDisable, 0x00, (0<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send command
}//Read chip ID
//return:
//0XEF13 for W25Q80
//0XEF14 for W25Q16
//0XEF15 for W25Q32
//0XEF16 for W25Q64
//0XEF17 for W25Q128
//0XEF18 for W25Q256
uint16_t W25QXX_ReadID(void)
{uint16_t Temp = 0;uint8_t st;uint8_t TD[8];if(Use_Quad_Line){uint8_t extra_dummy = 4; //Adjust dummy here for I/O direction adjustment delayQSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_QUAD_ManufactDeviceID, 0x000000f0, (3<<6)|(3<<4)|(3<<2)|(1<<0), extra_dummy); ///To read Manufacturer/Device ID in Quad modest = QSPI_Receive(TD, 2);if(st==0){Temp = (TD[0]<<8)|TD[1];}else{Temp = 0;}return Temp;}else{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_ManufactDeviceID, 0x00, (1<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //To read Manufacturer/Device ID in single line modest = QSPI_Receive(TD, 5);if(st==0){Temp = (TD[3]<<8)|TD[4];}else{Temp = 0;}return Temp;}
}
//Read W25QXX from specific address for specific byte length
//pBuffer: data buffer
//ReadAddr: specific address
//NumByteToRead: specific byte length (max 65535)
void W25QXX_Read(uint8_t* pBuffer,uint32_t ReadAddr,uint16_t NumByteToRead)
{if(Use_Quad_Line){uint8_t extra_dummy = 8; //Adjust dummy here for I/O direction adjustment delayif((W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q256_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q512_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q1024_ID)){QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_QUAD_FastReadQuadOutput, ReadAddr, (3<<6)|(3<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), extra_dummy);}else{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_QUAD_FastReadQuadOutput, ReadAddr, (3<<6)|(2<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), extra_dummy);}QSPI_Receive(pBuffer, NumByteToRead); //read data}else{uint8_t extra_dummy = 8; //Adjust dummy here for I/O direction adjustment delayif((W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q256_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q512_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q1024_ID)){QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_ReadData, ReadAddr, (1<<6)|(3<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), extra_dummy);}else{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_ReadData, ReadAddr, (1<<6)|(2<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), extra_dummy);}QSPI_Receive(pBuffer, NumByteToRead); //read data}}//Write W25QXX not more than 1 page (256 bytes)
//pBuffer: data buffer
//WriteAddr: specific address
//NumByteToWrite: specific byte length (max 256)
void W25QXX_Write_Page(uint8_t* pBuffer,uint32_t WriteAddr,uint16_t NumByteToWrite)
{W25QXX_Write_Enable(); //write enable//send write commandif(Use_Quad_Line){if((W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q256_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q512_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q1024_ID)){QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_QUAD_QuadInputPageProgram, WriteAddr, (3<<6)|(3<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), 0);}else{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_QUAD_QuadInputPageProgram, WriteAddr, (3<<6)|(2<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), 0);}}else{if((W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q256_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q512_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q1024_ID)){QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_PageProgram, WriteAddr, (1<<6)|(3<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), 0);}else{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_PageProgram, WriteAddr, (1<<6)|(2<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), 0);}}QSPI_Transmit(pBuffer, NumByteToWrite); //write dataW25QXX_Wait_Busy();
}//Write W25QXX w/o erase check and w/o byte number restriction
//pBuffer: data buffer
//WriteAddr: specific address
//NumByteToWrite: specific byte length (max 65535)
void W25QXX_Write_NoCheck(uint8_t* pBuffer,uint32_t WriteAddr,uint16_t NumByteToWrite)
{uint16_t remained_byte_num_in_page;remained_byte_num_in_page=256-WriteAddr%256; //remained byte number in pageif( NumByteToWrite <= remained_byte_num_in_page ) remained_byte_num_in_page = NumByteToWrite; //data can be written in single pagewhile(1){W25QXX_Write_Page(pBuffer,WriteAddr,remained_byte_num_in_page);if(NumByteToWrite==remained_byte_num_in_page)break; //end write operationelse //NumByteToWrite>remained_byte_num_in_page{pBuffer+=remained_byte_num_in_page;WriteAddr+=remained_byte_num_in_page;NumByteToWrite-=remained_byte_num_in_page;if(NumByteToWrite>256) remained_byte_num_in_page=256; //for whole page writeelse remained_byte_num_in_page=NumByteToWrite; //for non-whole page write}};
}//Write W25QXX w/ erase after check and w/o byte number restriction
//pBuffer: data buffer
//WriteAddr: specific address
//NumByteToWrite: specific byte length (max 65535)
uint8_t W25QXX_BUFFER[4096];
void W25QXX_Write(uint8_t* pBuffer,uint32_t WriteAddr,uint16_t NumByteToWrite)
{uint32_t secpos;uint16_t secoff;uint16_t secremain;uint16_t i;uint8_t * W25QXX_BUF;W25QXX_BUF=W25QXX_BUFFER;secpos=WriteAddr/4096; //sector number (16 pages for 1 sector) for destination addresssecoff=WriteAddr%4096; //offset address in sector for destination addresssecremain=4096-secoff; //remained space for sectorif(NumByteToWrite<=secremain)secremain=NumByteToWrite; //data can be written in single sectorwhile(1){W25QXX_Read(W25QXX_BUF,secpos*4096,4096); //read sector data for ease necessity judgmentfor(i=0;i<secremain;i++) //check sector data status{if(W25QXX_BUF[secoff+i]!=0XFF) break; //ease necessary}if(i<secremain) //for ease{W25QXX_Erase_Sector(secpos); //ease sectorfor(i=0;i<secremain;i++) //data copy{W25QXX_BUF[i+secoff]=pBuffer[i];}W25QXX_Write_NoCheck(W25QXX_BUF,secpos*4096,4096); //write sector}else W25QXX_Write_NoCheck(pBuffer,WriteAddr,secremain); //write data for sector unnecessary to eraseif(NumByteToWrite==secremain)break; //for operation endelse //for operation continuing{secpos++; //sector number + 1secoff=0; //offset address from 0pBuffer+=secremain; //pointer adjustmentWriteAddr+=secremain; //write address adjustmentNumByteToWrite-=secremain; //write number adjustmentif(NumByteToWrite>4096) secremain=4096; //not last sectorelse secremain=NumByteToWrite; //last sector}};
}//Erase whole chip, long waiting...
void W25QXX_Erase_Chip(void)
{W25QXX_Write_Enable(); //write enableW25QXX_Wait_Busy();QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_ChipErase, 0x00, (0<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send erase commandW25QXX_Wait_Busy(); //wait for erase complete
}//Erase one sector
//Sector_Num: sector number
void W25QXX_Erase_Sector(uint32_t Sector_Num)
{Sector_Num *= 4096;W25QXX_Write_Enable(); //write enableW25QXX_Wait_Busy();if((W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q256_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q512_ID)||(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q1024_ID)) //send highest 8-bit address{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_SectorErase, Sector_Num, (0<<6)|(3<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send erase command}else{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_SectorErase, Sector_Num, (0<<6)|(2<<4)|(1<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send erase command}W25QXX_Wait_Busy(); //wait for erase complete
}//Wait idle status before next operation
void W25QXX_Wait_Busy(void)
{while((W25QXX_ReadSR(1)&0x01)==0x01); //wait for busy flag cleared
}//Enter power-down mode
#define tDP_us 3
void W25QXX_PowerDown(void)
{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_PowerDown, 0, (0<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send power-down commandPY_Delay_us_t(tDP_us); //tDP
}
//Wake-up
#define tRES1_us 3
void W25QXX_WAKEUP(void)
{QSPI_Send_CMD(W25X_ReleasePowerDown, 0, (0<<6)|(0<<4)|(0<<2)|(1<<0), 0); //send release power-down commandPY_Delay_us_t(tRES1_us); //tRES1
}对ffconf.h添加包含信息：
#include "main.h"
#include "stm32h7xx_hal.h"
修改user_diskio.c，对文件操作函数与底层FLASH读写提供连接：
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file user_diskio.c* @brief This file includes a diskio driver skeleton to be completed by the user.******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************//* USER CODE END Header */#ifdef USE_OBSOLETE_USER_CODE_SECTION_0
/** Warning: the user section 0 is no more in use (starting from CubeMx version 4.16.0)* To be suppressed in the future.* Kept to ensure backward compatibility with previous CubeMx versions when* migrating projects.* User code previously added there should be copied in the new user sections before* the section contents can be deleted.*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
#endif/* USER CODE BEGIN DECL */
/**************************SELF DEFINITION PART************/
#include "diskio.h" /* Declarations of disk functions */
#include "W25QXX_QSPI.h"
/**********************************************************/
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <string.h>
#include "ff_gen_drv.h"/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Disk status */
static volatile DSTATUS Stat = STA_NOINIT;/* USER CODE END DECL *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
DSTATUS USER_initialize (BYTE pdrv);
DSTATUS USER_status (BYTE pdrv);
DRESULT USER_read (BYTE pdrv, BYTE *buff, DWORD sector, UINT count);
#if _USE_WRITE == 1DRESULT USER_write (BYTE pdrv, const BYTE *buff, DWORD sector, UINT count);
#endif /* _USE_WRITE == 1 */
#if _USE_IOCTL == 1DRESULT USER_ioctl (BYTE pdrv, BYTE cmd, void *buff);
#endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */Diskio_drvTypeDef USER_Driver =
{USER_initialize,USER_status,USER_read,
#if _USE_WRITEUSER_write,
#endif /* _USE_WRITE == 1 */
#if _USE_IOCTL == 1USER_ioctl,
#endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */
};/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*//*** @brief Initializes a Drive* @param pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)* @retval DSTATUS: Operation status*/
DSTATUS USER_initialize (BYTE pdrv /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */
)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN INIT *//**************************SELF DEFINITION PART************/uint8_t res;res = W25QXX_Init();if(res) return RES_OK;else return STA_NOINIT;/**********************************************************//*Stat = STA_NOINIT;return Stat;*//* USER CODE END INIT */
}/*** @brief Gets Disk Status* @param pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)* @retval DSTATUS: Operation status*/
DSTATUS USER_status (BYTE pdrv /* Physical drive number to identify the drive */
)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN STATUS *//**************************SELF DEFINITION PART************/switch (pdrv){case 0 :return RES_OK;case 1 :return RES_OK;case 2 :return RES_OK;default:return STA_NOINIT;}/**********************************************************//*Stat = STA_NOINIT;return Stat;*//* USER CODE END STATUS */
}/*** @brief Reads Sector(s)* @param pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)* @param *buff: Data buffer to store read data* @param sector: Sector address (LBA)* @param count: Number of sectors to read (1..128)* @retval DRESULT: Operation result*/
DRESULT USER_read (BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */BYTE *buff, /* Data buffer to store read data */DWORD sector, /* Sector address in LBA */UINT count /* Number of sectors to read */
)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN READ *//**************************SELF DEFINITION PART************/uint16_t len;if( !count ){return RES_PARERR; /* count不能等于0，否则返回参数错�?? */}switch (pdrv){case 0:sector <<= 9; //Convert sector number to byte addresslen = count*512;W25QXX_Read(buff, sector, len);return RES_OK;default:return RES_ERROR;}/**********************************************************//*return RES_OK;*//* USER CODE END READ */
}/*** @brief Writes Sector(s)* @param pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)* @param *buff: Data to be written* @param sector: Sector address (LBA)* @param count: Number of sectors to write (1..128)* @retval DRESULT: Operation result*/
#if _USE_WRITE == 1
DRESULT USER_write (BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */const BYTE *buff, /* Data to be written */DWORD sector, /* Sector address in LBA */UINT count /* Number of sectors to write */
)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN WRITE *//* USER CODE HERE *//**************************SELF DEFINITION PART************/uint16_t len;if( !count ){return RES_PARERR; /* count不能等于0，否则返回参数错�?? */}switch (pdrv){case 0:sector <<= 9; //Convert sector number to byte addresslen = count*512;W25QXX_Write((uint8_t *)buff, sector, len);return RES_OK;default:return RES_ERROR;}/*********************************************************//*return RES_OK;*//* USER CODE END WRITE */
}
#endif /* _USE_WRITE == 1 *//*** @brief I/O control operation* @param pdrv: Physical drive number (0..)* @param cmd: Control code* @param *buff: Buffer to send/receive control data* @retval DRESULT: Operation result*/
#if _USE_IOCTL == 1
DRESULT USER_ioctl (BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */BYTE cmd, /* Control code */void *buff /* Buffer to send/receive control data */
)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN IOCTL *//**************************SELF DEFINITION PART************/#define user_sector_byte_size 512DRESULT res;switch(cmd){case CTRL_SYNC:W25QXX_Wait_Busy();res=RES_OK;break;case GET_SECTOR_SIZE:*(WORD*)buff = user_sector_byte_size;res = RES_OK;break;case GET_BLOCK_SIZE:*(WORD*)buff = 4096/user_sector_byte_size;res = RES_OK;break;case GET_SECTOR_COUNT:W25QXX_TYPE=W25QXX_ReadID();if(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q80_ID) *(DWORD*)buff = (8*1024*1024/512);else if(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q16_ID) *(DWORD*)buff = (16*1024*1024/512);else if(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q32_ID) *(DWORD*)buff = (32*1024*1024/512);else if(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q64_ID) *(DWORD*)buff = (64*1024*1024/512);else if(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q128_ID) *(DWORD*)buff = (128*1024*1024/512);else if(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q256_ID) *(DWORD*)buff = (256*1024*1024/512);else if(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q512_ID) *(DWORD*)buff = (512*1024*1024/512);else if(W25QXX_TYPE==W25Q1024_ID) *(DWORD*)buff = (1024*1024*1024/512);else *(DWORD*)buff = (8*1024*1024/512);res = RES_OK;break;default:res = RES_PARERR;break;}return res;/**********************************************************//*DRESULT res = RES_ERROR;return res;*//* USER CODE END IOCTL */
}
#endif /* _USE_IOCTL == 1 */上面配置的FATS协议是用户可操作的显式协议，譬如本例程通过串口发送指令后控制对FLASH的FATS操作。STM32的U盘接口相当于包含对PC端的握手协议和对内部的隐式FATS协议，还需要配置底层对针对的存储单元读写操作函数。
配置U盘接口包含如下部分：
引入头文件申明
设置U盘识别的大小参数：
这里0x4000对应16K，0x200对应512（字节）， 16K*512=8M， 所以U盘会识别为8MB的U盘。
然后是U盘初始化的设置
U盘识别时获取U盘容量的函数
然后再配置读操作和写操作函数
完整的代码如下：
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file : usbd_storage_if.c* @version : v1.0_Cube* @brief : Memory management layer.******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "usbd_storage_if.h"/* USER CODE BEGIN INCLUDE */
#include "W25QXX_QSPI.h"
/* USER CODE END INCLUDE *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE END PV *//** @addtogroup STM32_USB_OTG_DEVICE_LIBRARY* @brief Usb device.* @{*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE* @brief Usb mass storage device module* @{*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_TypesDefinitions* @brief Private types.* @{*//* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_TYPES */
#if 0
/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_TYPES *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Defines* @brief Private defines.* @{*/#define STORAGE_LUN_NBR 1
#define STORAGE_BLK_NBR 0x10000
#define STORAGE_BLK_SIZ 0x200/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_DEFINES */
#endif#define STORAGE_LUN_NBR 1 //STORAGE_LUN_NBR : disk number
#define STORAGE_BLK_NBR 0x4000 //STORAGE_BLK_NBR : block number
#define STORAGE_BLK_SIZ 0x200 //TORAGE_BLK_SIZ : block size
/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_DEFINES *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Macros* @brief Private macros.* @{*//* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_MACRO *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_MACRO *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Variables* @brief Private variables.* @{*//* USER CODE BEGIN INQUIRY_DATA_FS */
/** USB Mass storage Standard Inquiry Data. */
const int8_t STORAGE_Inquirydata_FS[] = {/* 36 *//* LUN 0 */0x00,0x80,0x02,0x02,(STANDARD_INQUIRY_DATA_LEN - 5),0x00,0x00,0x00,'S', 'T', 'M', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', /* Manufacturer : 8 bytes */'P', 'r', 'o', 'd', 'u', 'c', 't', ' ', /* Product : 16 Bytes */' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ','0', '.', '0' ,'1' /* Version : 4 Bytes */
};
/* USER CODE END INQUIRY_DATA_FS *//* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_VARIABLES *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_VARIABLES *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Exported_Variables* @brief Public variables.* @{*/extern USBD_HandleTypeDef hUsbDeviceFS;/* USER CODE BEGIN EXPORTED_VARIABLES *//* USER CODE END EXPORTED_VARIABLES *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_FunctionPrototypes* @brief Private functions declaration.* @{*/static int8_t STORAGE_Init_FS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_GetCapacity_FS(uint8_t lun, uint32_t *block_num, uint16_t *block_size);
static int8_t STORAGE_IsReady_FS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_FS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_Read_FS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len);
static int8_t STORAGE_Write_FS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len);
static int8_t STORAGE_GetMaxLun_FS(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_DECLARATION *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_DECLARATION *//*** @}*/USBD_StorageTypeDef USBD_Storage_Interface_fops_FS =
{STORAGE_Init_FS,STORAGE_GetCapacity_FS,STORAGE_IsReady_FS,STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_FS,STORAGE_Read_FS,STORAGE_Write_FS,STORAGE_GetMaxLun_FS,(int8_t *)STORAGE_Inquirydata_FS
};/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/*** @brief Initializes the storage unit (medium) over USB FS IP* @param lun: Logical unit number.* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_Init_FS(uint8_t lun)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *///UNUSED(lun);W25QXX_Init();return (USBD_OK);/* USER CODE END 2 */
}/*** @brief Returns the medium capacity.* @param lun: Logical unit number.* @param block_num: Number of total block number.* @param block_size: Block size.* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_GetCapacity_FS(uint8_t lun, uint32_t *block_num, uint16_t *block_size)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 *///UNUSED(lun);*block_num = STORAGE_BLK_NBR;*block_size = STORAGE_BLK_SIZ;return (USBD_OK);/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief Checks whether the medium is ready.* @param lun: Logical unit number.* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_IsReady_FS(uint8_t lun)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *///UNUSED(lun);return (USBD_OK);/* USER CODE END 4 */
}/*** @brief Checks whether the medium is write protected.* @param lun: Logical unit number.* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_FS(uint8_t lun)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 5 *///UNUSED(lun);return (USBD_OK);/* USER CODE END 5 */
}/*** @brief Reads data from the medium.* @param lun: Logical unit number.* @param buf: data buffer.* @param blk_addr: Logical block address.* @param blk_len: Blocks number.* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_Read_FS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *///UNUSED(lun);//UNUSED(buf);//UNUSED(blk_addr);//UNUSED(blk_len);W25QXX_Read(buf, blk_addr*STORAGE_BLK_SIZ, blk_len*STORAGE_BLK_SIZ);return (USBD_OK);/* USER CODE END 6 */
}/*** @brief Writes data into the medium.* @param lun: Logical unit number.* @param buf: data buffer.* @param blk_addr: Logical block address.* @param blk_len: Blocks number.* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_Write_FS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 7 *///UNUSED(lun);//UNUSED(buf);//UNUSED(blk_addr);//UNUSED(blk_len);W25QXX_Write(buf, blk_addr*STORAGE_BLK_SIZ, blk_len*STORAGE_BLK_SIZ);return (USBD_OK);/* USER CODE END 7 */
}/*** @brief Returns the Max Supported LUNs.* @param None* @retval Lun(s) number.*/
int8_t STORAGE_GetMaxLun_FS(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 8 */return (STORAGE_LUN_NBR - 1);/* USER CODE END 8 */
}/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_IMPLEMENTATION *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_IMPLEMENTATION *//*** @}*//*** @}*/然后在main.c里根据串口输入命令（16进制单字节）实现如下功能：
0x01. 读取FLASH ID
0x02. 装载FATS文件系统
0x03: 创建/打开文件并从头位置写入数据
0x04: 打开文件并从头位置读入数据
0x05: 创建/打开文件并从特定位置写入数据
0x06: 打开文件并从特定位置读入数据
完整的代码实现如下：
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file : main.c* @brief : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
//Written by Pegasus Yu in 2023
//NOte: to access W25Qxx, send single line command at first to trigger consequent operation mode for address and data which could be 1-line or 4-line
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "fatfs.h"
#include "usb_device.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <string.h>
#include "usart.h"
#include "W25QXX_QSPI.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
__IO float usDelayBase;
void PY_usDelayTest(void)
{__IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;__IO uint32_t counter = 0;firstms = HAL_GetTick()+1;secondms = firstms+1;while(uwTick!=firstms) ;while(uwTick!=secondms) counter++;usDelayBase = ((float)counter)/1000;
}void PY_Delay_us_t(uint32_t Delay)
{__IO uint32_t delayReg;__IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)(Delay*usDelayBase);delayReg = 0;while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}void PY_usDelayOptimize(void)
{__IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;__IO float coe = 1.0;firstms = HAL_GetTick();PY_Delay_us_t(1000000) ;secondms = HAL_GetTick();coe = ((float)1000)/(secondms-firstms);usDelayBase = coe*usDelayBase;
}void PY_Delay_us(uint32_t Delay)
{__IO uint32_t delayReg;__IO uint32_t msNum = Delay/1000;__IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)((Delay%1000)*usDelayBase);if(msNum>0) HAL_Delay(msNum);delayReg = 0;while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}
/* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/QSPI_HandleTypeDef hqspi;UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint8_t uart1_rx[16];
uint8_t cmd;uint8_t Flash_mount_status = 0; //FLASH fats mount status indication (0: unmount; 1: mount)
uint8_t FATS_Buff[_MAX_SS]; //Buffer for f_mkfs() operationFRESULT retFLASH;
FIL file;
FATFS *fs;UINT bytesread;
UINT byteswritten;
uint8_t rBuffer[20]; //Buffer for read
uint8_t WBuffer[20] ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20}; //Buffer for write#define user_sector_byte_size 512
uint8_t flashbuffer[user_sector_byte_size];
/* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_QUADSPI_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *//*
QSPI TX in block mode for command byte
cmd: command to be sent to device
addr: address to be sent to device
mode: operation mode set asmode[1:0] for command transmission mode ( 00: no command; 01: single-line transmission; 10: dual-line transmission; 11: four-line transmission )mode[3:2] for address transmission mode ( 00: no address; 01: single-line transmission; 10: dual-line transmission; 11: four-line transmission )mode[5:4] for address length ( 00:8-bit address; 01: 16-bit address; 10: 24-bit address; 11: 32-bit address )mode[7:6] for data transmission mode ( 00: no command; 01: single-line transmission; 10: dual-line transmission; 11: four-line transmission )
dmcycle: dummy clock cycle
*/
HAL_StatusTypeDef QSPI_Send_CMD(uint8_t cmd,uint32_t addr,uint8_t mode,uint8_t dmcycle)
{QSPI_CommandTypeDef Cmdhandler;Cmdhandler.Instruction=cmd; //set cmdCmdhandler.Address=addr; //set addressCmdhandler.DummyCycles=dmcycle; //set dummy circle number/*set cmd transmission mode*/if(((mode>>0)&0x03) == 0)Cmdhandler.InstructionMode=QSPI_INSTRUCTION_NONE;else if(((mode>>0)&0x03) == 1)Cmdhandler.InstructionMode=QSPI_INSTRUCTION_1_LINE;else if(((mode>>0)&0x03) == 2)Cmdhandler.InstructionMode=QSPI_INSTRUCTION_2_LINES;else if(((mode>>0)&0x03) == 3)Cmdhandler.InstructionMode=QSPI_INSTRUCTION_4_LINES;/*set address transmission mode*/if(((mode>>2)&0x03) == 0)Cmdhandler.AddressMode=QSPI_ADDRESS_NONE;else if(((mode>>2)&0x03) == 1)Cmdhandler.AddressMode=QSPI_ADDRESS_1_LINE;else if(((mode>>2)&0x03) == 2)Cmdhandler.AddressMode=QSPI_ADDRESS_2_LINES;else if(((mode>>2)&0x03) == 3)Cmdhandler.AddressMode=QSPI_ADDRESS_4_LINES;/*set address length*/if(((mode>>4)&0x03) == 0)Cmdhandler.AddressSize=QSPI_ADDRESS_8_BITS;else if(((mode>>4)&0x03) == 1)Cmdhandler.AddressSize=QSPI_ADDRESS_16_BITS;else if(((mode>>4)&0x03) == 2)Cmdhandler.AddressSize=QSPI_ADDRESS_24_BITS;else if(((mode>>4)&0x03) == 3)Cmdhandler.AddressSize=QSPI_ADDRESS_32_BITS;/*set data transmission mode*/if(((mode>>6)&0x03) == 0)Cmdhandler.DataMode=QSPI_DATA_NONE;else if(((mode>>6)&0x03) == 1)Cmdhandler.DataMode=QSPI_DATA_1_LINE;else if(((mode>>6)&0x03) == 2)Cmdhandler.DataMode=QSPI_DATA_2_LINES;else if(((mode>>6)&0x03) == 3)Cmdhandler.DataMode=QSPI_DATA_4_LINES;Cmdhandler.SIOOMode=QSPI_SIOO_INST_EVERY_CMD; /*Send instruction on every transaction*/Cmdhandler.AlternateByteMode=QSPI_ALTERNATE_BYTES_NONE; /*No alternate bytes*/Cmdhandler.DdrMode=QSPI_DDR_MODE_DISABLE; /*Double data rate mode disabled*/Cmdhandler.DdrHoldHalfCycle=QSPI_DDR_HHC_ANALOG_DELAY; /*Delay the data output using analog delay in DDR mode*/return HAL_QSPI_Command(&hqspi,&Cmdhandler,5000);
}//QSPI RX in block mode for data
//buf : buffer address for RX data
//datalen : RX data length
//return : 0, OK
// others, error code
HAL_StatusTypeDef QSPI_Receive(uint8_t* buf,uint32_t datalen)
{hqspi.Instance->DLR=datalen-1;return HAL_QSPI_Receive(&hqspi,buf,5000);
}//QSPI TX in block mode for data
//buf : buffer address for TX data
//datalen : TX data length
//return : 0, OK
// others, error code
HAL_StatusTypeDef QSPI_Transmit(uint8_t* buf,uint32_t datalen)
{hqspi.Instance->DLR=datalen-1;return HAL_QSPI_Transmit(&hqspi,buf,5000);
}extern char USERPath[4];
/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */Flash_mount_status = 0;uint32_t FLASH_Read_Size;char * dpath = "0:"; //Disk Pathfor(uint8_t i=0; i<4; i++){USERPath[i] = *(dpath+i);}const TCHAR* filepath = "0:test.txt";/* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();MX_QUADSPI_Init();MX_FATFS_Init();MX_USB_DEVICE_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */PY_usDelayTest();PY_usDelayOptimize();HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, uart1_rx, 1);W25QXX_Init();/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){if(cmd==0x01) //Read ID{cmd = 0;printf("Flash ID = 0x%x\r\n\r\n", W25QXX_ReadID());printf("W25Q80_ID: 0XEF13\r\n");printf("W25Q16_ID: 0XEF14\r\n");printf("W25Q32_ID: 0XEF15\r\n");printf("W25Q64_ID: 0XEF16\r\n");printf("W25Q128_ID: 0XEF17\r\n");printf("W25Q256_ID: 0XEF18\r\n");printf("W25Q512_ID: 0XEF18\r\n");printf("W25Q1024_ID: 0XEF20\r\n");}else if(cmd==2) //Flash File System Mount{cmd = 0;retFLASH=f_mount(&USERFatFS, (TCHAR const*)USERPath, 1);if (retFLASH != FR_OK){printf("File system mount failure: %d\r\n", retFLASH);if(retFLASH==FR_NO_FILESYSTEM){printf("No file system. Now to format......\r\n");retFLASH = f_mkfs((TCHAR const*)USERPath, FM_FAT, 1024, FATS_Buff, sizeof(FATS_Buff)); //FLASH formattingif(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("FLASH formatting success!\r\n");}else{printf("FLASH formatting failure!\r\n");}}}else{Flash_mount_status = 1;printf("File system mount success\r\n");}}else if(cmd==3) //File creation and write{cmd = 0;if(Flash_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nFLASH File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retFLASH);else{retFLASH = f_open( &file, filepath, FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE ); //Open or create fileif(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("\r\nFile open or creation successful\r\n");retFLASH = f_write( &file, (const void *)WBuffer, sizeof(WBuffer), &byteswritten); //Write dataif(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("\r\nFile write successful\r\n");}else{printf("\r\nFile write error: %d\r\n",retFLASH);}f_close(&file); //Close file}else{printf("\r\nFile open or creation error %d\r\n",retFLASH);}}}else if(cmd==4) //File read{cmd = 0;if(Flash_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nFLASH File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retFLASH);else{retFLASH = f_open( &file, filepath, FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_READ); //Open fileif(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("\r\nFile open successful\r\n");retFLASH = f_read( &file, (void *)rBuffer, sizeof(rBuffer), &bytesread); //Read dataif(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("\r\nFile read successful\r\n");PY_Delay_us_t(200000);FLASH_Read_Size = sizeof(rBuffer);for(uint16_t i = 0;i < FLASH_Read_Size;i++){printf("%d ", rBuffer[i]);}printf("\r\n");}else{printf("\r\nFile read error: %d\r\n", retFLASH);}f_close(&file); //Close file}else{printf("\r\nFile open error: %d\r\n", retFLASH);}}}else if(cmd==5) //File locating write{cmd = 0;if(Flash_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nFLASH File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retFLASH);else{retFLASH = f_open( &file, filepath, FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE); //Open or create fileif(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("\r\nFile open or creation successful\r\n");retFLASH=f_lseek( &file, f_tell(&file) + sizeof(WBuffer) ); //move file operation pointer, f_tell(&file) gets file head locatingif(retFLASH == FR_OK){retFLASH = f_write( &file, (const void *)WBuffer, sizeof(WBuffer), &byteswritten);if(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("\r\nFile locating write successful\r\n");}else{printf("\r\nFile locating write error: %d\r\n", retFLASH);}}else{printf("\r\nFile pointer error: %d\r\n",retFLASH);}f_close(&file); //Close file}else{printf("\r\nFile open or creation error %d\r\n",retFLASH);}}}else if(cmd==6) //File locating read{cmd = 0;if(Flash_mount_status==0) printf("\r\nFLASH File system not mounted: %d\r\n",retFLASH);else{retFLASH = f_open(&file, filepath, FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_READ); //Open fileif(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("\r\nFile open successful\r\n");retFLASH = f_lseek(&file,f_tell(&file)+ sizeof(WBuffer)/2); //move file operation pointer, f_tell(&file) gets file head locatingif(retFLASH == FR_OK){retFLASH = f_read( &file, (void *)rBuffer, sizeof(rBuffer), &bytesread);if(retFLASH == FR_OK){printf("\r\nFile locating read successful\r\n");PY_Delay_us_t(200000);FLASH_Read_Size = sizeof(rBuffer);for(uint16_t i = 0;i < FLASH_Read_Size;i++){printf("%d ",rBuffer[i]);}printf("\r\n");}else{printf("\r\nFile locating read error: %d\r\n",retFLASH);}}else{printf("\r\nFile pointer error: %d\r\n",retFLASH);}f_close(&file);}else{printf("\r\nFile open error: %d\r\n",retFLASH);}}}/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Supply configuration update enable*/HAL_PWREx_ConfigSupply(PWR_LDO_SUPPLY);/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage*/__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);while(!__HAL_PWR_GET_FLAG(PWR_FLAG_VOSRDY)) {}__HAL_RCC_SYSCFG_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE0);while(!__HAL_PWR_GET_FLAG(PWR_FLAG_VOSRDY)) {}/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI48|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSI48State = RCC_HSI48_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 60;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = 2;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 2;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = 2;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLRGE = RCC_PLL1VCIRANGE_3;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLVCOSEL = RCC_PLL1VCOWIDE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLFRACN = 0;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_D3PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_D1PCLK1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB3CLKDivider = RCC_APB3_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_APB1_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_APB2_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB4CLKDivider = RCC_APB4_DIV2;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/*** @brief QUADSPI Initialization Function* @param None* @retval None*/
static void MX_QUADSPI_Init(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN QUADSPI_Init 0 *//* USER CODE END QUADSPI_Init 0 *//* USER CODE BEGIN QUADSPI_Init 1 *//* USER CODE END QUADSPI_Init 1 *//* QUADSPI parameter configuration*/hqspi.Instance = QUADSPI;hqspi.Init.ClockPrescaler = 9;hqspi.Init.FifoThreshold = 4;hqspi.Init.SampleShifting = QSPI_SAMPLE_SHIFTING_HALFCYCLE;hqspi.Init.FlashSize = 25;hqspi.Init.ChipSelectHighTime = QSPI_CS_HIGH_TIME_5_CYCLE;hqspi.Init.ClockMode = QSPI_CLOCK_MODE_0;hqspi.Init.FlashID = QSPI_FLASH_ID_1;hqspi.Init.DualFlash = QSPI_DUALFLASH_DISABLE;if (HAL_QSPI_Init(&hqspi) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/* USER CODE BEGIN QUADSPI_Init 2 *//* USER CODE END QUADSPI_Init 2 */}/*** @brief USART1 Initialization Function* @param None* @retval None*/
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 *//* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 *//* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 *//* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */huart1.Instance = USART1;huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;huart1.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;huart1.Init.ClockPrescaler = UART_PRESCALER_DIV1;huart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart1) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 *//* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */}/*** @brief GPIO Initialization Function* @param None* @retval None*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */__HAL_RCC_GPIOE_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{if(huart==&huart1){cmd = uart1_rx[0];HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, uart1_rx, 1);}}
/* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number* where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param file: pointer to the source file name* @param line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */STM32例程测试
串口指令0x01测试效果如下：
串口指令0x02测试效果如下：
串口指令0x03测试效果如下：
串口指令0x04测试效果如下：
串口指令0x05测试效果如下：
串口指令0x06测试效果如下：
通过串口对FLASH对操作后，可以将STM32 USB接口连接到PC, 从PC端可以看到U盘接入，打开后可以看到通过串口建立和操作的文件：
串口写入文件里的是1~20范围的16进制数据，这里显示为非常规字符，如果串口写入文件里的是英文字母对应的ASCII码16进制数据，文件里也就会显示为英文字母。
当通过U盘形式对文件进行操作后，同样也可以再通过串口对U盘形式操作过的文件访问操作。
STM32例程下载
STM32H750VBT6 模拟U盘桥接QSPI总线FATS读写FLASH W25QXX 例程下载
U盘模式升级方式
一种STM32升级方式为通过模拟U盘，从PC端将升级文件(.bin文件)存储进到外部FLASH里，STM32重新上电时识别标识从外部FLASH里将版本拷贝进到内部FLASH跳转空间，然后跳转执行。这是IAP升级的U盘接口常见方式，可以参考串口IAP升级过程，主要区别是版本数据获得方式不同。
一个不复杂的问题是为什么不从PC端直接写入.bin文件进到内部FLASH里，因为文件管理系统会占用额外的空间，也会导致文件放置首地址（跳转地址）易变，因此对MCU有限的内部FLASH空间而言不利资源使用。
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