UNIX网络编程笔记：TCP客户/服务器程序示例

服务器实例

有个著名的项目，tiny web，本项目将其改到windows下，并使用RAII重构，编写过程中对于内存泄漏确实很头疼，还没写完，后面会继续更：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include<ranges>
#include<format>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32.lib")class WSAInitializer {
public:WSAInitializer() {WSADATA data;int ret = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &data);if (ret != 0) {throw std::runtime_error("WSAStartup failed. Error code: " + std::to_string(ret));}}~WSAInitializer() {WSACleanup();}WSAInitializer(const WSAInitializer&) = delete;WSAInitializer& operator=(const WSAInitializer&) = delete;
};class Socket {
public:Socket() = default;Socket(int domain, int type, int protocol) {sock_ = socket(domain, type, protocol);if (sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET) {throw std::runtime_error("Socket creation failed. Error code: " + std::to_string(WSAGetLastError()));}}explicit Socket(SOCKET s) : sock_(s) {}~Socket() {if (sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET) {closesocket(sock_);}}Socket(Socket&& other) noexcept : sock_(other.sock_) {other.sock_ = INVALID_SOCKET;}Socket& operator=(Socket&& other) noexcept {if (this != &other) {closesocket(sock_);sock_ = other.sock_;other.sock_ = INVALID_SOCKET;}return *this;}SOCKET get() const { return sock_; }operator SOCKET() const { return sock_; }Socket(const Socket&) = delete;Socket& operator=(const Socket&) = delete;
private:SOCKET sock_ = INVALID_SOCKET;
};Socket startup(unsigned short* port) {Socket server_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);int opt = 1;if (setsockopt(server_socket.get(), SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&opt), sizeof(opt)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {throw std::runtime_error("setsockopt failed. Error code: " + std::to_string(WSAGetLastError()));}sockaddr_in server_addr = {};server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;server_addr.sin_port = htons(*port);server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);if (bind(server_socket.get(), reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(&server_addr), sizeof(server_addr)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {throw std::runtime_error("bind failed. Error code: " + std::to_string(WSAGetLastError()));}if (*port == 0) {sockaddr_in name;int nameLen = sizeof(name);if (getsockname(server_socket.get(), reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&name), &nameLen) == SOCKET_ERROR) {throw std::runtime_error("getsockname failed. Error code: " + std::to_string(WSAGetLastError()));}*port = ntohs(name.sin_port);}if (listen(server_socket.get(), 5) == SOCKET_ERROR) {throw std::runtime_error("listen failed. Error code: " + std::to_string(WSAGetLastError()));}return server_socket;
}int get_line(SOCKET sock, std::vector<char>& buff, int size) {buff.resize(size);char c = 0;int i = 0;while (i < size - 1 && c != '\n') {int n = recv(sock, &c, 1, 0);if (n > 0) {if (c == '\r') {n = recv(sock, &c, 1, MSG_PEEK);if (n > 0 && c == '\n') {recv(sock, &c, 1, 0);} else {c = '\n';}}buff[i++] = c;} else {c = '\n';}}buff[i] = '\0';return i;
}void unimplemented(SOCKET client) {const char* response = "HTTP/1.1 501 Not Implemented\r\n""Content-Type: text/html\r\n""\r\n""<html><head><title>Not Implemented</title></head>""<body><h1>501 Not Implemented</h1></body></html>";send(client, response, strlen(response), 0);
}DWORD WINAPI accept_request(LPVOID arg) {std::unique_ptr<Socket> client_socket(static_cast<Socket*>(arg));SOCKET client = client_socket->get();std::vector<char> buff(1024);int numchars = get_line(client, buff, buff.size());// 示例：解析请求方法char method[255] = {0};int i = 0, j = 0;while (!isspace(buff[j]) && i < sizeof(method) - 1) {method[i++] = buff[j++];}// 示例：检查支持的HTTP方法if (_stricmp(method, "GET") && _stricmp(method, "POST")) {unimplemented(client);return 0;}// 示例：解析URL（简化版）std::vector<char> url(255, 0);i = 0;while (isspace(buff[j]) && j < buff.size()) j++;while (!isspace(buff[j]) && i < url.size() - 1 && j < buff.size()) {url[i++] = buff[j++];}// 示例：发送响应（实际应处理请求）const char* response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n""Content-Type: text/html\r\n""\r\n""<html><head><title>Test</title></head>""<body><h1>Hello World</h1></body></html>";send(client, response, strlen(response), 0);return 0;
}int main() {try {WSAInitializer wsa;unsigned short port = 8880;Socket server_socket = startup(&port);std::cout << "Server started on port " << port << std::endl;while (true) {sockaddr_in client_addr;int addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);SOCKET client_sock = accept(server_socket.get(), reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&client_addr), &addr_len);if (client_sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {throw std::runtime_error("accept failed. Error code: " + std::to_string(WSAGetLastError()));}Socket* client_socket = new Socket(client_sock);HANDLE hThread = CreateThread(nullptr, 0, accept_request, client_socket, 0, nullptr);if (!hThread) {delete client_socket;throw std::runtime_error("CreateThread failed. Error code: " + std::to_string(GetLastError()));}CloseHandle(hThread);}} catch (const std::exception& e) {std::cerr << "Error: " << e.what() << std::endl;return 1;}return 0;
}