CGI的由来:
为什么会有FastCGI?
FastCGI实战案例 : Nginx与php-fpm在同一服务器
源码编译php
首先保持一纯净的NGINX服务,之前操作过的删掉,重新建立一个NGINX服务。
[root@fastcgi nginx-1.26.1]# make install
建立完成后,添加PHP模块
中途会报错,有一个解释软件包中没有,要在阿里云找个rpm包的下载地址,
[root@nginx ~]# wget https://repo.almalinux.org/almalinux/9/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/oniguruma-devel-6.9.6-1.el9.5.x86_64.rpm
[root@nginx ~]# dnf install oniguruma-devel-6.9.6-1.el9.5.x86_64.rpm
[root@nginx php-8.3.9]# make install
原码安装成功。
#利用yum解决php依赖
[root@Nginx ~]# yum install -y bzip2 systemd-devel libxml2-devel sqlite-devel
libpng-devel libcurl-devel oniguruma-devel
#解压源码并安装
[root@Nginx ~]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \ #安装路径
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \ #指定配置路径
--enable-fpm \ #用cgi方式启动程序
--with-fpm-user=nginx \ #指定运行用户身份
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--with-curl \ #打开curl浏览器支持
--with-iconv \ #启用iconv函数,转换字符编码
--with-mhash \ #mhash加密方式扩展库
--with-zlib \ #支持zlib库,用于压缩http压缩传输
--with-openssl \ #支持ssl加密
--enable-mysqlnd \ #mysql数据库
--with-mysqli \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--disable-debug \ #关闭debug功能
--enable-sockets \ #支持套接字访问
--enable-soap \ #支持soap扩展协议
--enable-xml \ #支持xml
--enable-ftp \ #支持ftp
--enable-gd \ #支持gd库
--enable-exif \ #支持图片元数据
--enable-mbstring \ #支持多字节字符串
--enable-bcmath \ #打开图片大小调整,用到zabbix监控的时候用到了这个模块
--with-fpm-systemd #支持systemctl 管理cgiPHP添加模块[root@Nginx ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-curl --with-iconv --with-mhash --with-zlib --with-openssl --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --disable-debug --enable-sockets --enable-soap --enable-xml --enable-ftp --enable-gd --enable-exif --enable-mbstring --enable-bcmath --with-fpm-systemdNGINX1.26 添加模块[root@Nginx ~]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --add-module=/root/echo-nginx-module-0.63 --add-module=/root/memc-nginx-module-0.20 --add-module=/root/srcache-nginx-module-0.33 --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module
php相关配置优化
[root@Nginx ~]# cd /usr/local/php/etc
[root@Nginx etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@Nginx etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
去掉注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid #指定pid文件存放位置
[root@Nginx etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@Nginx php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
#生成主配置文件
[root@Nginx php-fpm.d]# cd /root/php-8.3.9/
[root@Nginx php-8.3.9]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@Nginx ~]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; https://php.net/date.timezone
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai #修改时区
#生成启动文件
[root@Nginx ~]# cd /root/php-8.3.9/
[root@Nginx php-8.3.9]# cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /lib/systemd/system/
# Mounts the /usr, /boot, and /etc directories read-only for processes invoked by
this unit.
#ProtectSystem=full #注释该内容
[root@Nginx php-8.3.9]# systemctl start php-fpm.service
[root@Nginx php-8.3.9]# netstat -antlupe | grep php
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0
820758 176202/php-fpm: mas
准备php测试页面
[root@Nginx ~]# mkdir /data/php -p
[root@centos8 ~]# cat /data/php/index.php #php测试页面
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
Nginx配置转发
NGINX主配文件添加子配置文件发布路径。
添加php环境变量
[root@Nginx ~]# vim .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programsPATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/apps/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/php/bin
export PATH
[root@Nginx ~]# source .bash_profile
3 php的动态扩展模块(php的缓存模块)
安装memcache模块
[root@Nginx ~]# tar zxf memcache-8.2.tgz
[root@Nginx ~]# cd memcache-8.2/
[root@Nginx memcache-8.2]# yum install autoconf
[root@Nginx memcache-8.2]# phpize
[root@Nginx memcache-8.2]# ./configure && make && make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-nonzts-20230831/
[root@Nginx memcache-8.2]# ls /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-
20230831/
memcache.so opcache.so
[root@nginx etc]# dnf install memcached -y
复制测试文件到nginx发布目录中
[root@Nginx ~]# cd memcache-8.2/
[root@Nginx memcache-8.2]# ls
autom4te.cache config.log configure.ac example.php Makefile.fragments
README
build config.m4 config.w32 include Makefile.objects runtests.php
config9.m4 config.nice CREDITS libtool memcache.la src
config.h config.status docker LICENSE memcache.php
tests
config.h.in configure Dockerfile Makefile modules
[root@Nginx memcache-8.2]# cp example.php memcache.php /data/php/
[root@Nginx ~]# vim /data/php/memcache.php
define('ADMIN_USERNAME','admin'); // Admin Username
define('ADMIN_PASSWORD','lee'); // Admin Password
define('DATE_FORMAT','Y/m/d H:i:s');
define('GRAPH_SIZE',200);
define('MAX_ITEM_DUMP',50);
$MEMCACHE_SERVERS[] = 'localhost:11211'; // add more as an array
#$MEMCACHE_SERVERS[] = 'mymemcache-server2:11211'; // add more as an array
测试:
6.3.4 php高速缓存
[root@Nginx ~]# tar zxf srcache-nginx-module-0.33.tar.gz
[root@Nginx ~]# tar zxf memc-nginx-module-0.20.tar.gz
[root@Nginx ~]# cd nginx-1.26.1/
[root@Nginx nginx-1.26.1]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx --user=nginx --
group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --withhttp_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
--with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module --
add-module=/root/memc-nginx-module-0.20 --add-module=/root/srcache-nginx-module-
0.33
[root@Nginx nginx-1.26.1]# make && make install
[root@Nginx ~]# vim /apps/nginx/conf.d/php.conf
upstream memcache {
server 127.0.0.1:11211;
keepalive 512;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name php.timinglee.org;
root /data/php;
location /memc {
internal;
memc_connect_timeout 100ms;
memc_send_timeout 100ms;
memc_read_timeout 100ms;
set $memc_key $query_string; #使用内置变量$query_string来作为key
set $memc_exptime 300; #缓存失效时间300秒
memc_pass memcache;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
set $key $uri$args; #设定key的值
srcache_fetch GET /memc $key; #检测mem中是否有要访问的php
srcache_store PUT /memc $key; #缓存为加载的php数据
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
}
[root@Nginx ~]# systemctl start nginx.service
[root@nginx conf.d]# cat php.conf
upstream memcache {
server 127.0.0.1:11211;
keepalive 512;
}server {listen 80;server_name www.timinglee.org;root /data/web/html;index index.html;location /memc {internal;memc_connect_timeout 100ms;memc_send_timeout 100ms;memc_read_timeout 100ms;set $memc_key $query_string;set $memc_exptime 300;memc_pass memcache;}location ~ \.php$ {set $key $uri$args;srcache_fetch GET /memc $key;srcache_store PUT /memc $key;root /data/web/php;fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;include fastcgi.conf;}
}
[root@nginx conf.d]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx conf.d]# nginx -s reload
测试结果:
[root@nginx conf.d]# ab -n500 -c10 http://php.timinglee.org/index.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1903618 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/Benchmarking php.timinglee.org (be patient)
apr_sockaddr_info_get() for php.timinglee.org: Name or service not known (670002)
[root@nginx conf.d]# cd
[root@nginx ~]# cd php-8.3.9/
[root@nginx php-8.3.9]# ab -n500 -c10 http://www.timinglee.org/index.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1903618 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/Benchmarking www.timinglee.org (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Finished 500 requestsServer Software: nginx/1.26.1
Server Hostname: www.timinglee.org
Server Port: 80Document Path: /index.php
Document Length: 74915 bytesConcurrency Level: 10
Time taken for tests: 0.042 seconds
Complete requests: 500
Failed requests: 0
Total transferred: 37549977 bytes
HTML transferred: 37457500 bytes
Requests per second: 11990.12 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 0.834 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.083 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 879353.00 [Kbytes/sec] receivedConnection Times (ms)min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 0
Processing: 0 1 0.3 1 3
Waiting: 0 1 0.3 1 3
Total: 0 1 0.3 1 3Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)50% 166% 175% 180% 190% 195% 198% 299% 2100% 3 (longest request)