Wemos D1 Mini / nodeMcu / ESP8266 驱动 240*320 ILI9431 SPI液晶屏
- 效果展示
- 器件
- 硬件连接
- 引脚连接原理图
- 引脚对照表
- 安装TFT_eSPI库
- TFT_eSPI库中User_Setup.h文件的参数修改
- User_Setup.h文件的位置
- User_Setup.h文件中需要修改的参数
- User_Setup.h完成源码
- 例程
缘起： 这个很可爱的气象站项目ESP8266 Colored Weather Station使用的是一个叫做MiniGrafx的图形库。该库在针对不同厂家的ILI9431芯片的屏幕时候会出现横竖屏显示错误（有些厂家的屏运行代码后就是正常的竖屏显示，但是另外的一些屏则会横屏显示）。用简单的rotation指令无法实现偏转。因为整体代码中X\Y的值都是写死的。。。离谱。改起来太费劲了。为什么不用一个更强大的库来改写整个项目呢？并在写的时候注意横竖屏切换问题。这个听起来很酷。也是对显示屏进一步学习的一个不错的契机。so~ 开始干吧~ 这篇文章就是整个项目改写的第一篇。主要功能就是先把硬件连接好，基础的例程库运行成功~~
效果展示
器件
硬件连接
引脚连接原理图
鹅滴个神。。。还能连的更丑么。。。。
引脚对照表
| nodeMcu/WemosD1Mini | ILI9431 |
|---|---|
| 3.3V | VIN |
| GND | GND |
| D1 | CS |
| RST | RESET |
| D2 | DC |
| D7 | SDI |
| D5 | SCK |
| D8 | LED |
| D6 | SDO |
| D5 | T_CLK |
| D3 | T_CS |
| D7 | T_DIN |
| D6 | T_DO |
| D4 | T_IRQ |
安装TFT_eSPI库
这个部分之前在写ST7735的时候已经记录过了。所以不重复了。直接把之前的帖子粘过来。两个帖子对比。你可以自己读懂User_Setup.h里的内容。所有TFT_eSPI支持的显示屏新手拈来~ 嘎嘎帅~
ESP8266/ESP32/nodeMcu/wemos D1 MINI开发板用TFT_eSPI库驱动ST7789（240*240）TFT显示屏: https://blog.csdn.net/happyjoey217/article/details/113440901
TFT_eSPI库中User_Setup.h文件的参数修改
User_Setup.h文件的位置
User_Setup.h文件中需要修改的参数
- STEP1:选择显示芯片ILI9431
如果是第一次使用这个库的话，本项不需要修改。因为该库默认就是使用的ILI9431芯片。如果之前用这个库驱动过其他屏幕则需要把之前使用的库的预定义所在行注释掉。将ILI9431前的注释符号去掉。如下图所示：
- STEP2:按照实际连线修改硬件引脚连接
User_Setup.h完成源码
怕改错或者硬件连接跟本文一样的朋友也可以直接用这个文件替换你原有的文件（注意备份哈）
// User_Setup.h for ILI9431
// USER DEFINED SETTINGS
// Set driver type, fonts to be loaded, pins used and SPI control method etc.
//
// See the User_Setup_Select.h file if you wish to be able to define multiple
// setups and then easily select which setup file is used by the compiler.
//
// If this file is edited correctly then all the library example sketches should
// run without the need to make any more changes for a particular hardware setup!
// Note that some sketches are designed for a particular TFT pixel width/height// User defined information reported by "Read_User_Setup" test & diagnostics example
#define USER_SETUP_INFO "User_Setup"// Define to disable all #warnings in library (can be put in User_Setup_Select.h)
//#define DISABLE_ALL_LIBRARY_WARNINGS// ##################################################################################
//
// Section 1. Call up the right driver file and any options for it
//
// ##################################################################################// Define STM32 to invoke optimised processor support (only for STM32)
//#define STM32// Defining the STM32 board allows the library to optimise the performance
// for UNO compatible "MCUfriend" style shields
//#define NUCLEO_64_TFT
//#define NUCLEO_144_TFT// STM32 8-bit parallel only:
// If STN32 Port A or B pins 0-7 are used for 8-bit parallel data bus bits 0-7
// then this will improve rendering performance by a factor of ~8x
//#define STM_PORTA_DATA_BUS
//#define STM_PORTB_DATA_BUS// Tell the library to use parallel mode (otherwise SPI is assumed)
//#define TFT_PARALLEL_8_BIT
//#defined TFT_PARALLEL_16_BIT // **** 16-bit parallel ONLY for RP2040 processor ****// Display type - only define if RPi display
//#define RPI_DISPLAY_TYPE // 20MHz maximum SPI// Only define one driver, the other ones must be commented out
#define ILI9341_DRIVER // Generic driver for common displays
//#define ILI9341_2_DRIVER // Alternative ILI9341 driver, see https://github.com/Bodmer/TFT_eSPI/issues/1172
//#define ST7735_DRIVER // Define additional parameters below for this display
//#define ILI9163_DRIVER // Define additional parameters below for this display
//#define S6D02A1_DRIVER
//#define RPI_ILI9486_DRIVER // 20MHz maximum SPI
//#define HX8357D_DRIVER
//#define ILI9481_DRIVER
//#define ILI9486_DRIVER
//#define ILI9488_DRIVER // WARNING: Do not connect ILI9488 display SDO to MISO if other devices share the SPI bus (TFT SDO does NOT tristate when CS is high)
//#define ST7789_DRIVER // Full configuration option, define additional parameters below for this display
//#define ST7789_2_DRIVER // Minimal configuration option, define additional parameters below for this display
//#define R61581_DRIVER
//#define RM68140_DRIVER
//#define ST7796_DRIVER
//#define SSD1351_DRIVER
//#define SSD1963_480_DRIVER
//#define SSD1963_800_DRIVER
//#define SSD1963_800ALT_DRIVER
//#define ILI9225_DRIVER
//#define GC9A01_DRIVER// Some displays support SPI reads via the MISO pin, other displays have a single
// bi-directional SDA pin and the library will try to read this via the MOSI line.
// To use the SDA line for reading data from the TFT uncomment the following line:// #define TFT_SDA_READ // This option is for ESP32 ONLY, tested with ST7789 and GC9A01 display only// For ST7735, ST7789 and ILI9341 ONLY, define the colour order IF the blue and red are swapped on your display
// Try ONE option at a time to find the correct colour order for your display// #define TFT_RGB_ORDER TFT_RGB // Colour order Red-Green-Blue
// #define TFT_RGB_ORDER TFT_BGR // Colour order Blue-Green-Red// For M5Stack ESP32 module with integrated ILI9341 display ONLY, remove // in line below// #define M5STACK// For ST7789, ST7735, ILI9163 and GC9A01 ONLY, define the pixel width and height in portrait orientation
// #define TFT_WIDTH 80
// #define TFT_WIDTH 128
// #define TFT_WIDTH 172 // ST7789 172 x 320
// #define TFT_WIDTH 170 // ST7789 170 x 320
// #define TFT_WIDTH 240 // ST7789 240 x 240 and 240 x 320
// #define TFT_HEIGHT 160
// #define TFT_HEIGHT 128
// #define TFT_HEIGHT 240 // ST7789 240 x 240
// #define TFT_HEIGHT 320 // ST7789 240 x 320
// #define TFT_HEIGHT 240 // GC9A01 240 x 240// For ST7735 ONLY, define the type of display, originally this was based on the
// colour of the tab on the screen protector film but this is not always true, so try
// out the different options below if the screen does not display graphics correctly,
// e.g. colours wrong, mirror images, or stray pixels at the edges.
// Comment out ALL BUT ONE of these options for a ST7735 display driver, save this
// this User_Setup file, then rebuild and upload the sketch to the board again:// #define ST7735_INITB
// #define ST7735_GREENTAB
// #define ST7735_GREENTAB2
// #define ST7735_GREENTAB3
// #define ST7735_GREENTAB128 // For 128 x 128 display
// #define ST7735_GREENTAB160x80 // For 160 x 80 display (BGR, inverted, 26 offset)
// #define ST7735_ROBOTLCD // For some RobotLCD Arduino shields (128x160, BGR, https://docs.arduino.cc/retired/getting-started-guides/TFT)
// #define ST7735_REDTAB
// #define ST7735_BLACKTAB
// #define ST7735_REDTAB160x80 // For 160 x 80 display with 24 pixel offset// If colours are inverted (white shows as black) then uncomment one of the next
// 2 lines try both options, one of the options should correct the inversion.// #define TFT_INVERSION_ON
// #define TFT_INVERSION_OFF// ##################################################################################
//
// Section 2. Define the pins that are used to interface with the display here
//
// ##################################################################################// If a backlight control signal is available then define the TFT_BL pin in Section 2
// below. The backlight will be turned ON when tft.begin() is called, but the library
// needs to know if the LEDs are ON with the pin HIGH or LOW. If the LEDs are to be
// driven with a PWM signal or turned OFF/ON then this must be handled by the user
// sketch. e.g. with digitalWrite(TFT_BL, LOW);// #define TFT_BL 32 // LED back-light control pin
// #define TFT_BACKLIGHT_ON HIGH // Level to turn ON back-light (HIGH or LOW)// We must use hardware SPI, a minimum of 3 GPIO pins is needed.
// Typical setup for ESP8266 NodeMCU ESP-12 is :
//
// Display SDO/MISO to NodeMCU pin D6 (or leave disconnected if not reading TFT)
// Display LED to NodeMCU pin VIN (or 5V, see below)
// Display SCK to NodeMCU pin D5
// Display SDI/MOSI to NodeMCU pin D7
// Display DC (RS/AO)to NodeMCU pin D3
// Display RESET to NodeMCU pin D4 (or RST, see below)
// Display CS to NodeMCU pin D8 (or GND, see below)
// Display GND to NodeMCU pin GND (0V)
// Display VCC to NodeMCU 5V or 3.3V
//
// The TFT RESET pin can be connected to the NodeMCU RST pin or 3.3V to free up a control pin
//
// The DC (Data Command) pin may be labelled AO or RS (Register Select)
//
// With some displays such as the ILI9341 the TFT CS pin can be connected to GND if no more
// SPI devices (e.g. an SD Card) are connected, in this case comment out the #define TFT_CS
// line below so it is NOT defined. Other displays such at the ST7735 require the TFT CS pin
// to be toggled during setup, so in these cases the TFT_CS line must be defined and connected.
//
// The NodeMCU D0 pin can be used for RST
//
//
// Note: only some versions of the NodeMCU provide the USB 5V on the VIN pin
// If 5V is not available at a pin you can use 3.3V but backlight brightness
// will be lower.// ###### EDIT THE PIN NUMBERS IN THE LINES FOLLOWING TO SUIT YOUR ESP8266 SETUP ######// For NodeMCU - use pin numbers in the form PIN_Dx where Dx is the NodeMCU pin designation
#define TFT_MISO PIN_D6 // Automatically assigned with ESP8266 if not defined
#define TFT_MOSI PIN_D7 // Automatically assigned with ESP8266 if not defined
#define TFT_SCLK PIN_D5 // Automatically assigned with ESP8266 if not defined#define TFT_CS PIN_D1 // Chip select control pin D8
#define TFT_DC PIN_D2 // Data Command control pin
//#define TFT_RST PIN_D4 // Reset pin (could connect to NodeMCU RST, see next line)
#define TFT_RST -1 // Set TFT_RST to -1 if the display RESET is connected to NodeMCU RST or 3.3V#define TFT_BL PIN_D8 // LED back-light (only for ST7789 with backlight control pin)#define TOUCH_CS PIN_D3 // Chip select pin (T_CS) of touch screen//#define TFT_WR PIN_D2 // Write strobe for modified Raspberry Pi TFT only// ###### FOR ESP8266 OVERLAP MODE EDIT THE PIN NUMBERS IN THE FOLLOWING LINES ######// Overlap mode shares the ESP8266 FLASH SPI bus with the TFT so has a performance impact
// but saves pins for other functions. It is best not to connect MISO as some displays
// do not tristate that line when chip select is high!
// Note: Only one SPI device can share the FLASH SPI lines, so a SPI touch controller
// cannot be connected as well to the same SPI signals.
// On NodeMCU 1.0 SD0=MISO, SD1=MOSI, CLK=SCLK to connect to TFT in overlap mode
// On NodeMCU V3 S0 =MISO, S1 =MOSI, S2 =SCLK
// In ESP8266 overlap mode the following must be defined//#define TFT_SPI_OVERLAP// In ESP8266 overlap mode the TFT chip select MUST connect to pin D3
//#define TFT_CS PIN_D3
//#define TFT_DC PIN_D5 // Data Command control pin
//#define TFT_RST PIN_D4 // Reset pin (could connect to NodeMCU RST, see next line)
//#define TFT_RST -1 // Set TFT_RST to -1 if the display RESET is connected to NodeMCU RST or 3.3V// ###### EDIT THE PIN NUMBERS IN THE LINES FOLLOWING TO SUIT YOUR ESP32 SETUP ######// For ESP32 Dev board (only tested with ILI9341 display)
// The hardware SPI can be mapped to any pins//#define TFT_MISO 19
//#define TFT_MOSI 23
//#define TFT_SCLK 18
//#define TFT_CS 15 // Chip select control pin
//#define TFT_DC 2 // Data Command control pin
//#define TFT_RST 4 // Reset pin (could connect to RST pin)
//#define TFT_RST -1 // Set TFT_RST to -1 if display RESET is connected to ESP32 board RST// For ESP32 Dev board (only tested with GC9A01 display)
// The hardware SPI can be mapped to any pins//#define TFT_MOSI //2 //15 // In some display driver board, it might be written as "SDA" and so on.
//#define TFT_SCLK //15//14
//#define TFT_CS //17//5 // Chip select control pin
//#define TFT_DC //16//27 // Data Command control pin
//#define TFT_RST //-1 // Reset pin (could connect to Arduino RESET pin)
//#define TFT_BL //5//22 // LED back-light//#define TOUCH_CS 21 // Chip select pin (T_CS) of touch screen//#define TFT_WR 22 // Write strobe for modified Raspberry Pi TFT only// For the M5Stack module use these #define lines
//#define TFT_MISO 19
//#define TFT_MOSI 23
//#define TFT_SCLK 18
//#define TFT_CS 14 // Chip select control pin
//#define TFT_DC 27 // Data Command control pin
//#define TFT_RST 33 // Reset pin (could connect to Arduino RESET pin)
//#define TFT_BL 32 // LED back-light (required for M5Stack)// ###### EDIT THE PINs BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ESP32 PARALLEL TFT SETUP ######// The library supports 8-bit parallel TFTs with the ESP32, the pin
// selection below is compatible with ESP32 boards in UNO format.
// Wemos D32 boards need to be modified, see diagram in Tools folder.
// Only ILI9481 and ILI9341 based displays have been tested!// Parallel bus is only supported for the STM32 and ESP32
// Example below is for ESP32 Parallel interface with UNO displays// Tell the library to use 8-bit parallel mode (otherwise SPI is assumed)
//#define TFT_PARALLEL_8_BIT// The ESP32 and TFT the pins used for testing are:
//#define TFT_CS 33 // Chip select control pin (library pulls permanently low
//#define TFT_DC 15 // Data Command control pin - must use a pin in the range 0-31
//#define TFT_RST 32 // Reset pin, toggles on startup//#define TFT_WR 4 // Write strobe control pin - must use a pin in the range 0-31
//#define TFT_RD 2 // Read strobe control pin//#define TFT_D0 12 // Must use pins in the range 0-31 for the data bus
//#define TFT_D1 13 // so a single register write sets/clears all bits.
//#define TFT_D2 26 // Pins can be randomly assigned, this does not affect
//#define TFT_D3 25 // TFT screen update performance.
//#define TFT_D4 17
//#define TFT_D5 16
//#define TFT_D6 27
//#define TFT_D7 14// ###### EDIT THE PINs BELOW TO SUIT YOUR STM32 SPI TFT SETUP ######// The TFT can be connected to SPI port 1 or 2
//#define TFT_SPI_PORT 1 // SPI port 1 maximum clock rate is 55MHz
//#define TFT_MOSI PA7
//#define TFT_MISO PA6
//#define TFT_SCLK PA5//#define TFT_SPI_PORT 2 // SPI port 2 maximum clock rate is 27MHz
//#define TFT_MOSI PB15
//#define TFT_MISO PB14
//#define TFT_SCLK PB13// Can use Ardiuno pin references, arbitrary allocation, TFT_eSPI controls chip select
//#define TFT_CS D5 // Chip select control pin to TFT CS
//#define TFT_DC D6 // Data Command control pin to TFT DC (may be labelled RS = Register Select)
//#define TFT_RST D7 // Reset pin to TFT RST (or RESET)
// OR alternatively, we can use STM32 port reference names PXnn
//#define TFT_CS PE11 // Nucleo-F767ZI equivalent of D5
//#define TFT_DC PE9 // Nucleo-F767ZI equivalent of D6
//#define TFT_RST PF13 // Nucleo-F767ZI equivalent of D7//#define TFT_RST -1 // Set TFT_RST to -1 if the display RESET is connected to processor reset// Use an Arduino pin for initial testing as connecting to processor reset// may not work (pulse too short at power up?)// ##################################################################################
//
// Section 3. Define the fonts that are to be used here
//
// ##################################################################################// Comment out the #defines below with // to stop that font being loaded
// The ESP8366 and ESP32 have plenty of memory so commenting out fonts is not
// normally necessary. If all fonts are loaded the extra FLASH space required is
// about 17Kbytes. To save FLASH space only enable the fonts you need!#define LOAD_GLCD // Font 1. Original Adafruit 8 pixel font needs ~1820 bytes in FLASH
#define LOAD_FONT2 // Font 2. Small 16 pixel high font, needs ~3534 bytes in FLASH, 96 characters
#define LOAD_FONT4 // Font 4. Medium 26 pixel high font, needs ~5848 bytes in FLASH, 96 characters
#define LOAD_FONT6 // Font 6. Large 48 pixel font, needs ~2666 bytes in FLASH, only characters 1234567890:-.apm
#define LOAD_FONT7 // Font 7. 7 segment 48 pixel font, needs ~2438 bytes in FLASH, only characters 1234567890:-.
#define LOAD_FONT8 // Font 8. Large 75 pixel font needs ~3256 bytes in FLASH, only characters 1234567890:-.
//#define LOAD_FONT8N // Font 8. Alternative to Font 8 above, slightly narrower, so 3 digits fit a 160 pixel TFT
#define LOAD_GFXFF // FreeFonts. Include access to the 48 Adafruit_GFX free fonts FF1 to FF48 and custom fonts// Comment out the #define below to stop the SPIFFS filing system and smooth font code being loaded
// this will save ~20kbytes of FLASH
#define SMOOTH_FONT// ##################################################################################
//
// Section 4. Other options
//
// ##################################################################################// For RP2040 processor and SPI displays, uncomment the following line to use the PIO interface.
//#define RP2040_PIO_SPI // Leave commented out to use standard RP2040 SPI port interface// For RP2040 processor and 8 or 16-bit parallel displays:
// The parallel interface write cycle period is derived from a division of the CPU clock
// speed so scales with the processor clock. This means that the divider ratio may need
// to be increased when overclocking. It may also need to be adjusted dependant on the
// display controller type (ILI94341, HX8357C etc.). If RP2040_PIO_CLK_DIV is not defined
// the library will set default values which may not suit your display.
// The display controller data sheet will specify the minimum write cycle period. The
// controllers often work reliably for shorter periods, however if the period is too short
// the display may not initialise or graphics will become corrupted.
// PIO write cycle frequency = (CPU clock/(4 * RP2040_PIO_CLK_DIV))
//#define RP2040_PIO_CLK_DIV 1 // 32ns write cycle at 125MHz CPU clock
//#define RP2040_PIO_CLK_DIV 2 // 64ns write cycle at 125MHz CPU clock
//#define RP2040_PIO_CLK_DIV 3 // 96ns write cycle at 125MHz CPU clock// For the RP2040 processor define the SPI port channel used (default 0 if undefined)
//#define TFT_SPI_PORT 1 // Set to 0 if SPI0 pins are used, or 1 if spi1 pins used// For the STM32 processor define the SPI port channel used (default 1 if undefined)
//#define TFT_SPI_PORT 2 // Set to 1 for SPI port 1, or 2 for SPI port 2// Define the SPI clock frequency, this affects the graphics rendering speed. Too
// fast and the TFT driver will not keep up and display corruption appears.
// With an ILI9341 display 40MHz works OK, 80MHz sometimes fails
// With a ST7735 display more than 27MHz may not work (spurious pixels and lines)
// With an ILI9163 display 27 MHz works OK.// #define SPI_FREQUENCY 1000000
// #define SPI_FREQUENCY 5000000
// #define SPI_FREQUENCY 10000000
// #define SPI_FREQUENCY 20000000
#define SPI_FREQUENCY 27000000
// #define SPI_FREQUENCY 40000000
// #define SPI_FREQUENCY 55000000 // STM32 SPI1 only (SPI2 maximum is 27MHz)
// #define SPI_FREQUENCY 80000000// Optional reduced SPI frequency for reading TFT
#define SPI_READ_FREQUENCY 20000000// The XPT2046 requires a lower SPI clock rate of 2.5MHz so we define that here:
#define SPI_TOUCH_FREQUENCY 2500000// The ESP32 has 2 free SPI ports i.e. VSPI and HSPI, the VSPI is the default.
// If the VSPI port is in use and pins are not accessible (e.g. TTGO T-Beam)
// then uncomment the following line:
//#define USE_HSPI_PORT// Comment out the following #define if "SPI Transactions" do not need to be
// supported. When commented out the code size will be smaller and sketches will
// run slightly faster, so leave it commented out unless you need it!// Transaction support is needed to work with SD library but not needed with TFT_SdFat
// Transaction support is required if other SPI devices are connected.// Transactions are automatically enabled by the library for an ESP32 (to use HAL mutex)
// so changing it here has no effect// #define SUPPORT_TRANSACTIONS例程
我的arduino IDE2.0抽风，菜单的示例中只显示内置例程，第三方库的例程木有。。。现将源码粘贴到下面，自取。
需要注意的是，因为硬件连接中LED的背景灯连接的是ESP8266的D8引脚。所以需要在程序setup()的部分将D8引脚设置为OUTPUT，并输出高电平。
// An highlighted block
/*Example animated analogue meters using a ILI9341 TFT LCD screenNeeds Font 2 (also Font 4 if using large scale label)Make sure all the display driver and pin connections are correct byediting the User_Setup.h file in the TFT_eSPI library folder.############################################################################### DON'T FORGET TO UPDATE THE User_Setup.h FILE IN THE LIBRARY ###############################################################################
*/#include <TFT_eSPI.h> // Hardware-specific library
#include <SPI.h>TFT_eSPI tft = TFT_eSPI(); // Invoke custom library#define TFT_GREY 0x5AEB#define TFT_LED D8#define LOOP_PERIOD 35 // Display updates every 35 msfloat ltx = 0; // Saved x coord of bottom of needle
uint16_t osx = 120, osy = 120; // Saved x & y coords
uint32_t updateTime = 0; // time for next updateint old_analog = -999; // Value last displayed
int old_digital = -999; // Value last displayedint value[6] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
int old_value[6] = { -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1};
int d = 0;void setup(void) { Serial.println(TFT_LED);pinMode(TFT_LED, OUTPUT);digitalWrite(TFT_LED, HIGH); // HIGH to Turn on;tft.init();tft.setRotation(0);Serial.begin(57600); // For debugtft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);analogMeter(); // Draw analogue meter// Draw 6 linear metersbyte d = 40;plotLinear("A0", 0, 160);plotLinear("A1", 1 * d, 160);plotLinear("A2", 2 * d, 160);plotLinear("A3", 3 * d, 160);plotLinear("A4", 4 * d, 160);plotLinear("A5", 5 * d, 160);updateTime = millis(); // Next update time
}void loop() {if (updateTime <= millis()) {updateTime = millis() + LOOP_PERIOD;d += 4; if (d >= 360) d = 0;//value[0] = map(analogRead(A0), 0, 1023, 0, 100); // Test with value form Analogue 0// Create a Sine wave for testingvalue[0] = 50 + 50 * sin((d + 0) * 0.0174532925);value[1] = 50 + 50 * sin((d + 60) * 0.0174532925);value[2] = 50 + 50 * sin((d + 120) * 0.0174532925);value[3] = 50 + 50 * sin((d + 180) * 0.0174532925);value[4] = 50 + 50 * sin((d + 240) * 0.0174532925);value[5] = 50 + 50 * sin((d + 300) * 0.0174532925);//unsigned long t = millis();plotPointer();plotNeedle(value[0], 0);//Serial.println(millis()-t); // Print time taken for meter update}
}// #########################################################################
// Draw the analogue meter on the screen
// #########################################################################
void analogMeter()
{// Meter outlinetft.fillRect(0, 0, 239, 126, TFT_GREY);tft.fillRect(5, 3, 230, 119, TFT_WHITE);tft.setTextColor(TFT_BLACK); // Text colour// Draw ticks every 5 degrees from -50 to +50 degrees (100 deg. FSD swing)for (int i = -50; i < 51; i += 5) {// Long scale tick lengthint tl = 15;// Coordinates of tick to drawfloat sx = cos((i - 90) * 0.0174532925);float sy = sin((i - 90) * 0.0174532925);uint16_t x0 = sx * (100 + tl) + 120;uint16_t y0 = sy * (100 + tl) + 140;uint16_t x1 = sx * 100 + 120;uint16_t y1 = sy * 100 + 140;// Coordinates of next tick for zone fillfloat sx2 = cos((i + 5 - 90) * 0.0174532925);float sy2 = sin((i + 5 - 90) * 0.0174532925);int x2 = sx2 * (100 + tl) + 120;int y2 = sy2 * (100 + tl) + 140;int x3 = sx2 * 100 + 120;int y3 = sy2 * 100 + 140;// Yellow zone limits//if (i >= -50 && i < 0) {// tft.fillTriangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2, TFT_YELLOW);// tft.fillTriangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, TFT_YELLOW);//}// Green zone limitsif (i >= 0 && i < 25) {tft.fillTriangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2, TFT_GREEN);tft.fillTriangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, TFT_GREEN);}// Orange zone limitsif (i >= 25 && i < 50) {tft.fillTriangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2, TFT_ORANGE);tft.fillTriangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, TFT_ORANGE);}// Short scale tick lengthif (i % 25 != 0) tl = 8;// Recalculate coords incase tick lenght changedx0 = sx * (100 + tl) + 120;y0 = sy * (100 + tl) + 140;x1 = sx * 100 + 120;y1 = sy * 100 + 140;// Draw ticktft.drawLine(x0, y0, x1, y1, TFT_BLACK);// Check if labels should be drawn, with position tweaksif (i % 25 == 0) {// Calculate label positionsx0 = sx * (100 + tl + 10) + 120;y0 = sy * (100 + tl + 10) + 140;switch (i / 25) {case -2: tft.drawCentreString("0", x0, y0 - 12, 2); break;case -1: tft.drawCentreString("25", x0, y0 - 9, 2); break;case 0: tft.drawCentreString("50", x0, y0 - 6, 2); break;case 1: tft.drawCentreString("75", x0, y0 - 9, 2); break;case 2: tft.drawCentreString("100", x0, y0 - 12, 2); break;}}// Now draw the arc of the scalesx = cos((i + 5 - 90) * 0.0174532925);sy = sin((i + 5 - 90) * 0.0174532925);x0 = sx * 100 + 120;y0 = sy * 100 + 140;// Draw scale arc, don't draw the last partif (i < 50) tft.drawLine(x0, y0, x1, y1, TFT_BLACK);}tft.drawString("%RH", 5 + 230 - 40, 119 - 20, 2); // Units at bottom righttft.drawCentreString("%RH", 120, 70, 4); // Comment out to avoid font 4tft.drawRect(5, 3, 230, 119, TFT_BLACK); // Draw bezel lineplotNeedle(0, 0); // Put meter needle at 0
}// #########################################################################
// Update needle position
// This function is blocking while needle moves, time depends on ms_delay
// 10ms minimises needle flicker if text is drawn within needle sweep area
// Smaller values OK if text not in sweep area, zero for instant movement but
// does not look realistic... (note: 100 increments for full scale deflection)
// #########################################################################
void plotNeedle(int value, byte ms_delay)
{tft.setTextColor(TFT_BLACK, TFT_WHITE);char buf[8]; dtostrf(value, 4, 0, buf);tft.drawRightString(buf, 40, 119 - 20, 2);if (value < -10) value = -10; // Limit value to emulate needle end stopsif (value > 110) value = 110;// Move the needle util new value reachedwhile (!(value == old_analog)) {if (old_analog < value) old_analog++;else old_analog--;if (ms_delay == 0) old_analog = value; // Update immediately id delay is 0float sdeg = map(old_analog, -10, 110, -150, -30); // Map value to angle// Calculate tip of needle coordsfloat sx = cos(sdeg * 0.0174532925);float sy = sin(sdeg * 0.0174532925);// Calculate x delta of needle start (does not start at pivot point)float tx = tan((sdeg + 90) * 0.0174532925);// Erase old needle imagetft.drawLine(120 + 20 * ltx - 1, 140 - 20, osx - 1, osy, TFT_WHITE);tft.drawLine(120 + 20 * ltx, 140 - 20, osx, osy, TFT_WHITE);tft.drawLine(120 + 20 * ltx + 1, 140 - 20, osx + 1, osy, TFT_WHITE);// Re-plot text under needletft.setTextColor(TFT_BLACK);tft.drawCentreString("%RH", 120, 70, 4); // // Comment out to avoid font 4// Store new needle end coords for next eraseltx = tx;osx = sx * 98 + 120;osy = sy * 98 + 140;// Draw the needle in the new postion, magenta makes needle a bit bolder// draws 3 lines to thicken needletft.drawLine(120 + 20 * ltx - 1, 140 - 20, osx - 1, osy, TFT_RED);tft.drawLine(120 + 20 * ltx, 140 - 20, osx, osy, TFT_MAGENTA);tft.drawLine(120 + 20 * ltx + 1, 140 - 20, osx + 1, osy, TFT_RED);// Slow needle down slightly as it approaches new postionif (abs(old_analog - value) < 10) ms_delay += ms_delay / 5;// Wait before next updatedelay(ms_delay);}
}// #########################################################################
// Draw a linear meter on the screen
// #########################################################################
void plotLinear(char *label, int x, int y)
{int w = 36;tft.drawRect(x, y, w, 155, TFT_GREY);tft.fillRect(x + 2, y + 19, w - 3, 155 - 38, TFT_WHITE);tft.setTextColor(TFT_CYAN, TFT_BLACK);tft.drawCentreString(label, x + w / 2, y + 2, 2);for (int i = 0; i < 110; i += 10){tft.drawFastHLine(x + 20, y + 27 + i, 6, TFT_BLACK);}for (int i = 0; i < 110; i += 50){tft.drawFastHLine(x + 20, y + 27 + i, 9, TFT_BLACK);}tft.fillTriangle(x + 3, y + 127, x + 3 + 16, y + 127, x + 3, y + 127 - 5, TFT_RED);tft.fillTriangle(x + 3, y + 127, x + 3 + 16, y + 127, x + 3, y + 127 + 5, TFT_RED);tft.drawCentreString("---", x + w / 2, y + 155 - 18, 2);
}// #########################################################################
// Adjust 6 linear meter pointer positions
// #########################################################################
void plotPointer(void)
{int dy = 187;byte pw = 16;tft.setTextColor(TFT_GREEN, TFT_BLACK);// Move the 6 pointers one pixel towards new valuefor (int i = 0; i < 6; i++){char buf[8]; dtostrf(value[i], 4, 0, buf);tft.drawRightString(buf, i * 40 + 36 - 5, 187 - 27 + 155 - 18, 2);int dx = 3 + 40 * i;if (value[i] < 0) value[i] = 0; // Limit value to emulate needle end stopsif (value[i] > 100) value[i] = 100;while (!(value[i] == old_value[i])) {dy = 187 + 100 - old_value[i];if (old_value[i] > value[i]){tft.drawLine(dx, dy - 5, dx + pw, dy, TFT_WHITE);old_value[i]--;tft.drawLine(dx, dy + 6, dx + pw, dy + 1, TFT_RED);}else{tft.drawLine(dx, dy + 5, dx + pw, dy, TFT_WHITE);old_value[i]++;tft.drawLine(dx, dy - 6, dx + pw, dy - 1, TFT_RED);}}}
}
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