前言
总体设计
- 系统整体结构图
- 系统流程图
运行环境
- Python 环境
- PC环境配置
模块实现
- 1. 钢琴伴奏制作
- - 1）和弦的实现
  - 2）和弦级数转为当前调式音阶
  - 3）根据预置节奏生成伴奏
- 2. 乐句生成
- - 1）添加音符
  - 2）旋律生成
  - 3）节奏生成
- 3. 贝斯伴奏制作
- - 1）添加贝斯轨
  - 2）预置贝斯轨
- 4. 汇总歌曲制作
- - 1）日志模块
  - 2）音乐可视化
  - 3）Impromptu类
- 5. GUI设计
- - 1）用户界面空间初始化
  - 2）将控件绑定功能（信号与槽的绑定）
系统测试
工程源代码下载
其它资料下载

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前言

本项目旨在实现上下文相关的即兴演奏音乐生成。用户可以通过选择主音调式和输入歌曲信息，如BPM（每分钟节拍数）、弦级数和重复次数等参数，来定制所要生成的音乐。

用户首先选择主音调式，这将为生成的音乐设定一个基本的音乐调性。接着，用户输入歌曲信息，包括BPM、弦级数和重复次数等参数，这些参数将决定音乐的节奏和结构。

基于用户选择的主音调式和输入的歌曲信息，项目将通过算法生成上下文相关的即兴演奏音乐。音乐的旋律、和弦进行和节奏等元素将根据用户输入的参数进行自动调整，以符合用户的要求。

通过这个项目，用户可以根据自己的喜好和需求，定制个性化的即兴演奏音乐。无需专业音乐知识，用户只需选择主音调式和输入简单的歌曲信息，便可以生成符合自己心情和风格的音乐作品。这为音乐创作和欣赏带来了更多的自由和乐趣。

总体设计

本部分包括系统整体结构图和系统流程图。

系统整体结构图

系统整体结构如图所示。

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系统流程图

伴奏制作、即兴旋律生成的流程如图1所示，贝斯模块及GUI (Graphical User Interface，图形用户接口)制作流程如图2所示。

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图1 伴奏制作、即兴旋律生成的流程

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图2 贝斯模块及GUI制作流程

运行环境

本部分包括Python环境和PC环境配置。

Python 环境

需要Python 3.7及以上配置，安装库包括hmmlearn、numpy、pypianoroll、pygame、mido、musthe、PyQt5、PyQt-tools (仅支持Windows)，在Windows cmd中使用以下命令:

pip install hmmlearn, numpy, pypianoroll, pygame, mido, musthe

安装PyQt 5和PyQt- tools:

pip install sip
pip install PyQt5
pip install PyQt-tools

将当前目录下的4.ui转换输出成4.py文件:

python -m PyQt5.uic.pyuic 4.ui -o 4.py

PC环境配置

本程序最终将打包成.exe，在Windows环境下运行。安装能读取并播放MIDI文件程序的用户可自行查看生成文件；反之，在选项卡中选择“自动播放”选项播放生成的MIDI文件。

模块实现

本项目包括5个模块：钢琴伴奏制作、乐句生成、贝斯伴奏制作、汇总歌曲制作和GUI设计，下面分别给出各模块的功能介绍及相关代码。

1. 钢琴伴奏制作

用户选择调式、输入和弦级数后，首先，将和弦级数转换为和弦名称；其次，用musthe将和弦名称转换为对应音；最后，根据用户选择的预置节奏型向MIDI中的钢琴轨写入钢琴伴奏。

1）和弦的实现

本部分代码完成添加和弦功能。

#midi_extended/Track.py中的TrackExtended类
def my_chorus_num(self, all_note, length, num=1, velocity=70, channel=0, change=1):  #change为1表示级数调用（索引音阶），0表示和弦名称调用（无需索引音阶）base_note = 60  #基音base_num = 0delay = 0for chord_note in all_note:for j in range(num):count = 0for note in chord_note:note = base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(self.scale[0:note]) if change else base_note + base_num * 12 + note - 1super().append(Message('note_off', note=note, velocity=velocity if count else velocity + 10, time=0 if count else round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length), channel=channel))count = count + 1  #设第一排为重拍

2）和弦级数转为当前调式音阶

将用户输入的和弦级数（数字1~7）转换为绝对的和弦名称，再用musthe()方法将和弦名称转为当前调式下的音阶。

def change(self, num, key, mode, count=4):#将和弦从数字更改为字符串d = {'C': 1, 'D': 2, 'E': 3, 'F': 4, 'G': 5, 'A': 6, 'B': 7}result = []try:if type(num) == int and 0 < num < 8:s = musthe.Scale(musthe.Note(key), mode)scale = []for i in range(len(s)):scale.append(str(s[i]))for i in range(count):try:  #对音阶数7取余result.append(d[scale[(num - 1 + 2 * i) % 7][0]])except IndexError:#五声音阶的数目比较少，可能会存在超出索引范围的现象，对5取余result.append(d[scale[(num - 1 + 2 * i) % 5][0]])else:raise TypeError('num should be int from 1~7.')except NameError:return self.change(num, key, 'aeolian', count)return result

3）根据预置节奏生成伴奏

本项目为4/4拍和3/4拍的歌曲各提供了6种预置节奏型，共12种节奏型的钢琴伴奏，其中预置节奏型由日常演奏经验而得，是常用的节奏型，能适应大多数曲目。

def my_chorus_4_simple(self, chord_progression, type=1, change=1, circulation=1):  #4/4拍节奏预置def mode1():  #模式1if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 4)else:self.my_chorus_num(chord_progression, 4)def mode2():  #模式2if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 1, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 1, 1)self.my_chorus(chord, 1, 1, 60)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 2)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1, 1)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1, 1, 60)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 2)def mode3():  #模式3if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 1, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 1, 1)self.my_chorus(chord, 1.5, 1, 60)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1, 1)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1.5, 1, 60)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5)def mode4():  #模式4if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 2, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 1.5, 1, 60)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 2, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1.5, 1, 60)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5)def mode5():  #模式5if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 2)self.my_chorus(chord, 1)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 1, 60)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 2)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 2)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 1, 60)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 2)def mode6():  #模式6if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 2)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.25, 4)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 1, 60)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 1)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.25, 2)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 2)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.25, 4)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 1, 60)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 1)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.25, 2)type_d = {1: mode1, 2: mode2, 3: mode3, 4: mode4, 5: mode5, 6: mode6}type_d.get(type)()
def my_chorus_3_simple(self, chord_progression, type=1, change=1, circulation=1):  #3/4拍的预置def mode1():  #模式1if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 3)else:self.my_chorus_num(chord_progression, 3)def mode2():  #模式2if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 1, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 1, 2)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1, 2)def mode3():  #模式3if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 1, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 4)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 4)def mode4():  #模式4if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 1)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 3)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 3)def mode5():  #模式5if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 1.5, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.5, 3)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 1.5, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.5, 3)def mode6():  #模式6if change:for chord in chord_progression:self.my_chorus(chord, 0.75, 1, 80)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.25)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.75)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.25)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.75)self.my_chorus(chord, 0.25)else:l = len(chord_progression)for j in range(circulation):self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.75, 1, 80)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.25)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.75)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.25)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.75)self.my_chorus_num([chord_progression[j % l]], 0.25)type_d = {1: mode1, 2: mode2, 3: mode3, 4: mode4, 5: mode5, 6: mode6}type_d.get(type)()

2. 乐句生成

使用hmmlearn，利用马尔可夫模型生成旋律和节奏。其中旋律表示为数字1～7，加上0和-1，1~7对应音阶中第1～7音(五声音阶对应五个音)，0对应休止符，-1对应延音音符；节奏表示为数字1、2、4、8、16、32、 6、12、24，分别表示全音符、二分音符、四分音符、八分音符等。

1）添加音符

音轨内添加一个普通音符/休止符/延音音符的相关代码如下:

#向音轨内添加一个普通音符，此函数由MusicCritique提供
def add_note(self, note, length, modulation=0, base_num=0, delay=0, velocity=90, scale=[0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1], channel=0, pitch_type=0, tremble_setting=None, bend_setting=None):bpm = self.bpmbase_note = 60 + modulationif pitch_type == 0:  try:super().append(Message('note_on', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(scale[0:note]), velocity=velocity, time=round(delay * self.meta_time), channel=channel))super().append(Message('note_off', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(scale[0:note]), velocity=velocity, time=int(round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length)), channel=channel))except IndexError:  #选中五声音阶时，只有五个音，而hmm最多生成七个音super().append(Message('note_on', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(scale[0:note - 2]), velocity=velocity, time=round(delay * self.meta_time), channel=channel))super().append(Message('note_off', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(scale[0:note - 2]), velocity=velocity, time=int(round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length)), channel=channel))elif pitch_type == 1:  #颤音try:pitch = tremble_setting['pitch']wheel_times = tremble_setting['wheel_times']super().append(Message('note_on', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(scale[0:note]), velocity=velocity, time=round(delay * self.meta_time), channel=channel))for i in range(wheel_times):super().append(Message('pitchwheel', pitch=pitch, time=round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length / (2 * wheel_times)), channel=channel))super().append(Message('pitchwheel', pitch=0, time=0, channel=channel))super().append(Message('pitchwheel', pitch=-pitch, time=round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length / (2 * wheel_times)), channel=channel))super().append(Message('pitchwheel', pitch=0, time=0, channel=channel))super().append(Message('note_off', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(scale[0:note]), velocity=velocity, time=0, channel=channel))except:print(traceback.format_exc())elif pitch_type == 2:  try:pitch = bend_setting['pitch']PASDA = bend_setting['PASDA'] 
#结合PASDA(Prepare-Attack-Sustain-Decay-Aftermath)属性值实现MIDI滑音和颤音效果prepare_rate = PASDA[0] / sum(PASDA)attack_rate = PASDA[1] / sum(PASDA)sustain_rate = PASDA[2] / sum(PASDA)decay_rate = PASDA[3] / sum(PASDA)aftermath_rate = PASDA[4] / sum(PASDA)super().append(Message('note_on', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(scale[0:note]), velocity=round(100 * velocity), time=round(delay * self.meta_time), channel=channel))super().append(Message('aftertouch', time=round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length * prepare_rate), channel=channel))super().append(Message('pitchwheel', pitch=pitch, time=round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length * attack_rate), channel=channel))super().append(Message('aftertouch', time=round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length * sustain_rate), channel=channel))super().append(Message('pitchwheel', pitch=0, time=round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length * decay_rate), channel=channel))super().append(Message('note_off', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(scale[0:note]), velocity=velocity, time=round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length * aftermath_rate), channel=channel))except:print(traceback.format_exc())def add_rest(self, length, velocity=80, channel=0):  #增加休止符super().append(Message('note_off', note=0, velocity=velocity, time=round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length),channel=channel))def add_tenuto(self, length):  #增加延音音符off = super().pop()  #list的最后一个音符note_offon = super().pop()   #list的最后一个音符note_onoff.time = round(off.time + 0.96 * self.meta_time * length)super().append(on)super().append(off)

2）旋律生成

3）节奏生成

3. 贝斯伴奏制作

为丰富曲目内容，预置14组贝斯供用户选择。

1）添加贝斯轨

向歌曲内添加贝斯轨的相关代码如下：

#向音轨内添加一个普通音符，此函数由MusicCritique提供
def add_bass(self, note, length, base_num=-2, velocity=1.0, channel=6, delay=0):bpm = self.bpmscale = self.scalebase_note = 60super().append(Message('note_on', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(self.scale[0:note]), velocity=round(80 * velocity), time=round(delay * self.meta_time), channel=channel))super().append(Message('note_off', note=base_note + base_num * 12 + sum(self.scale[0:note]), velocity=round(80 * velocity), time=int(round(0.96 * self.meta_time * length)), channel=channel))

2）预置贝斯轨

根据日常演奏经验，对4/4拍和3/4拍的歌曲分别给出7种常用贝斯轨，共14种，其中函数的输入chord_progression可以是和弦名称，也可以是和弦级数。例如：

self.chord_progression = ['Fmaj7', 'Em7', 'Dm7', 'Cmaj7']或self.chord_progression = '4321'。
def my_bass_4_simple(self, chord_progression, type=1, change=1):d = {'C': 1, 'D': 2, 'E': 3, 'F': 4, 'G': 5, 'A': 6, 'B': 7}#这里只用7个音，因为add_bass内部已经有对音阶的索引，所以不用12个音def mode1():for chord in chord_progression:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord),0.25)#根音self.add_rest(0.25)  #休止self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.25)self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.25)self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 1)  #五音
#此处对和弦名与和弦级数做了兼容处理，函数的输入可以是和弦名也可以是和弦级数
#change为1表示和弦名，为0表示和弦级数，在add_bass里会做相应的处理def mode2():for chord in chord_progression:for i in range(16):  #十六音符根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.25)def mode3():for chord in chord_progression:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord),0.5)#根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5)self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 0.5)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5)self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5)self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 0.5)  #七音def mode4():for chord in chord_progression:  #行进贝司self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)#根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 1)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)#根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 0.75)  #七音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 0.25)  #七音def mode5():for chord in chord_progression:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)#根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)#根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord),1.5)#根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 0.5)  #七音def mode6():i = 0for chord in chord_progression:  #击弦贝司if i % 2 == 0:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.25, channel=8)  #根音self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 0.25, channel=8)  #五音self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5, channel=8)  #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.25, channel=8)  #根音self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 0.25, channel=8)  #五音self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5, channel=8)  #根音else:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.25, channel=8)  #根音self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 0.25, channel=8)  #五音self.add_rest(0.5)self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5, channel=8)  #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5, channel=8)  #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5, channel=8)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 0.5, channel=8)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5, channel=8)  #根音i += 1def mode7():i = 0for chord in chord_progression:i += 1if i % 2:elf.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 2)#根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 2)  #五音else:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 2)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 1)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)  #根音type_d = {1: mode1, 2: mode2, 3: mode3, 4: mode4, 5: mode5, 6: mode6, 7: mode7}type_d.get(type)()def my_bass_3_simple(self, chord_progression, type=1, change=1):d = {'C': 1, 'D': 2, 'E': 3, 'F': 4, 'G': 5, 'A': 6, 'B': 7}def mode1():i = 0for chord in chord_progression:i += 1if i % 2:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 2)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 1)  #五音else:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 1)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1) #根音def mode2():for chord in chord_progression:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 3)  #根音def mode3():i = 0for chord in chord_progression:i += 1if i % 2:self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 1)  #七音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 2) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 2) % 7, 1)  #三音else:self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 1)  #七音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 1)  #七音def mode4():for chord in chord_progression:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1) #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1.5) #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else int(chord) + 4, 0.5)  #五音def mode5():i = 0for chord in chord_progression:i += 1if i % 2:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5) #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5) #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 1)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 1)  #根音else:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5) #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5) #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 1)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] % 7 if change else int(chord), 0.5)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 0.5)  #七音def mode6():for chord in chord_progression:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5)  #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else (int(chord) + 4) % 7, 0.5)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 0.5)  #五音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5)  #根音def mode7():for chord in chord_progression:self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.25) #根音self.add_rest(0.25)  #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.25) #根音self.add_rest(0.5)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] + 4) % 7 if change else int(chord) + 4, 0.25)  #五音self.add_rest(0.5)  #根音self.add_bass(d[chord[0]] if change else int(chord), 0.5)  #根音self.add_bass((d[chord[0]] - 1) % 7 if change else (int(chord) - 1) % 7, 0.5)  #根音type_d = {1: mode1, 2: mode2, 3: mode3, 4: mode4, 5: mode5, 6: mode6, 7: mode7}type_d.get(type)()

4. 汇总歌曲制作

完成钢琴伴奏制作、乐句生成模块后，使用类Impromptu调用并完成MIDI文件的写入与播放，并使用装饰器完成日志记录，函数piano_roll_test()实现音乐的可视化。

1）日志模块

制作歌曲时记录日志，在当前目录下生成日志文件。

import logging
from functools import wraps
def decorator_log(fun):logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s', datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', filename='./test.log', filemode='w')@wraps(fun)def fun_in(*args, **kwargs):logging.debug("{} start.".format(fun.__name__))fun(*args, **kwargs)logging.debug("{} end.".format(fun.__name__))return fun_in

2）音乐可视化

3）Impromptu类

后台所有功能汇总类，在此实现即兴曲目的信息输入，可以保存并播放文件，实现音乐可视化。

print("Import start.")  #初次运行import时间较长
from midi_extended.MidiFileExtended import MidiFileExtended
import my.Q_myhmm
import my.decorator_log
import numpy as np
import time
print("Import end.")
class Impromptu:"""根据和弦进程自动生成旋律。bpm：正整数，每分钟心跳数time_signature：每个小节中的节拍数，通常为n/m默认的节奏伴奏目前仅支持4/4或3/4Key：音符可以是C D E F G A BMode：定即兴的规模file_path：MIDI文件的路径和名称chord_progression：和弦列表intensity：水平即兴演奏和垂直即兴演奏的参数repeat：重复相同和弦进行的时间"""def __init__(self):self.bpm = 120self.time_signature = '4/4'self.key = 'C'self.mode = 'major'self.file_path = '../my/data/song.mid'#self.chord_progression = ['Fmaj7', 'Em7', 'Dm7', 'Cmaj7']#self.chord_progression = ['Cmaj7', 'Am7', 'F', 'E7']self.chord_progression = '4321'#列表是已经整理好数据类型，即列表内全是字符（和弦名）或全是级数（由GUI 检查）self.intensity = 0self.repeat = 1self.mid = MidiFileExtended(self.file_path, type=1, mode='w')self.accompany_type = 1self.sw_bass = Falseself.bass_type = 1self.silent = Falseself.accompany_tone = 4 if self.silent else 0self.note_tone = 26 if self.silent else 0@propertydef scale(self):  #定义各种参数d = {'major': [0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1],'dorian': [0, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2],'phrygian': [0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2],'lydian': [0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1],'mixolydian': [0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2],'minor': [0, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2],'locrian': [0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2],'major_pentatonic': [0, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3],'minor_pentatonic': [0, 3, 2, 2, 3, 2]}aliases = {'Ionian': 'major', 'aeolian': 'minor'}try:self._scale = d[self.mode.lower()]except KeyError:  #异常处理try:self._scale = d[aliases[self.mode]]except KeyError:  raise KeyError('Can not find your mode. Please check your key.')return self._scale@my.decorator_log.decorator_logdef chorus(self):track = self.mid.get_extended_track('Piano')track.scale = self.scaleif type(self.chord_progression) == list:  #绝对的和弦名称for i in range(self.repeat):if self.time_signature[0] == '4':                    track.my_chorus_4_simple(chord_progression=self.chord_progression, type=2)else:                    track.my_chorus_3_simple(chord_progression=self.chord_progression, type=2)else:  #是级数表示的和弦change_result = []for chord in self.chord_progression:change_result.append(track.change(int(chord),self.key, self.mode))for i in range(self.repeat):if self.time_signature[0] == '4':track.my_chorus_4_simple(change_result, type=1, change=0, circulation=len(self.chord_progression))else:track.my_chorus_3_simple(change_result, type=1, change=0, circulation=len(self.chord_progression))print("To specify the accompaniment, you can also call function in ./midi_extended/Track.py/my_chorus")help(track.my_chorus)@my.decorator_log.decorator_logdef note(self):track = self.mid.get_extended_track('Melody')#track.print_msgs()for j in range(self.repeat):print("\r note {} is making...".format(j + 1), end="")for chord in self.chord_progression:melody = my.Q_myhmm.hmmmelody()rhythm = my.Q_myhmm.hmmrhythm()multiple = int(self.time_signature[0])d = {'C': 1, 'Db': 2, 'D': 3, 'Eb': 4, 'E': 5, 'F': 6, 'Gb': 7, 'G': 8, 'Ab': 9, 'A': 10, 'Bb': 11,'B': 12, 'C#': 2, 'D#': 4, 'F#': 7, 'G#': 9, 'A#': 11}if self.intensity:np.random.seed(round(1000000 * time.time()) % 100)  # Seed must be between 0 and 2**32 - 1p = np.array([self.intensity, 1 - self.intensity])if type(self.chord_progression) == list:  #已经是绝对的和弦名称modulation = np.random.choice([0, d[chord[0]]], p=p.ravel())else:  #是级数modulation = np.random.choice([0, sum(self.scale[0:int(chord)])], p=p.ravel())else:modulation = 0#modulation = sum(self.scale[0:d[chord[0]]])for i in range(len(rhythm)):m = melody[i]if m > 0:  #是一个普通音符track.add_note(m, rhythm[i] * multiple, modulation, 1, velocity=110, scale=self.scale, channel=3)#sum(self.scale[0:d[chord[0]]]))#print('add_note', m, rhythm[i]*multiple)elif m == 0:  #是休止符track.add_rest(rhythm[i] * multiple)#print('add_rest', m, rhythm[i]*multiple)else:  #是延音符track.add_tenuto(rhythm[i] * multiple)#print('add_tenuto', m, rhythm[i]*multiple)def bass(self):track = self.mid.get_extended_track('Bass')track.scale = self.scaleif type(self.chord_progression) == list:  #已经是绝对的和弦名称for i in range(self.repeat):if self.time_signature[0] == '4':track.my_bass_4_simple(chord_progression=self.chord_progression, type=1)else:                    track.my_bass_3_simple(chord_progression=self.chord_progression, type=1)else:  #是级数表示的和弦for i in range(self.repeat):if self.time_signature[0] == '4':track.my_bass_4_simple(self.chord_progression, type=i + 1, change=0)else:track.my_bass_3_simple(self.chord_progression, type=i + 1, change=0)def piano_roll_test(self):  #定义测试path = self.file_path  #文件路径mid = MidiFileExtended(path, 'r')mid.turn_track_into_numpy_matrix('Piano', "../my/data/Piano.npy")mid.generate_track_from_numpy_matrix("../my/data/Piano.npy", (288, 128), 'Piano', False, True,'../my/data/Piano.png')mid.turn_track_into_numpy_matrix('Melody', "../my/data/Melody.npy")  #数据写入矩阵mid.generate_track_from_numpy_matrix("../my/data/Melody.npy", (288, 128), 'Melody', False, True, '../my/data/Melody.png')if self.sw_bass:mid.turn_track_into_numpy_matrix('Bass', "../my/data/Bass.npy")mid.generate_track_from_numpy_matrix("../my/data/Bass.npy", (288, 128), 'Bass', False, True, '../my/data/Bass.png')def write_song(self):  #定义写入歌曲del self.midself.mid = MidiFileExtended(self.file_path, type=1, mode='w')self.mid.add_new_track('Piano', self.time_signature, self.bpm, self.key, {'0': 4 if self.silent else 0})  #4})#这里的轨道0和1音色是30，代表具体乐器音色self.chorus()self.mid.add_new_track('Melody', self.time_signature, self.bpm, self.key, {'3': 26 if self.silent else 0})  #26self.note()if self.sw_bass:self.mid.add_new_track('Bass', self.time_signature, self.bpm, self.key, {'6': 39 if self.silent else 33,'7': 35, '8': 36})self.bass()
if __name__ == '__main__':  #主函数silence = Impromptu()print(silence.scale)silence.write_song()silence.mid.save_midi()silence.piano_roll_test()print("Done. Start to play.")#silence.mid.play_it()

5. GUI设计

为方便用户交互，使用PyQt5 Designer拖动控件，设计图形界面，使用PyQt-tools将制作好的.ui文件转为.py代码，完成用户界面初始化，再将控件绑定对应功能。

1）用户界面空间初始化

此代码由制作的.ui文件经PyQt-tools转换而成，在Windows下运行。

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
class Ui_MainWindow(object):def setupUi(self, MainWindow):  #设置界面MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")MainWindow.resize(800, 680)self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")self.verticalLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)self.verticalLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 680))self.verticalLayoutWidget.setObjectName("verticalLayoutWidget")        self.verticalLayout_2=QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.verticalLayoutWidget)self.verticalLayout_2.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName("verticalLayout_2")self.verticalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()self.verticalLayout_3.setObjectName("verticalLayout_3")self.frame = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.verticalLayoutWidget)self.frame.setEnabled(True)self.frame.setStyleSheet("background-image:url(./background.jpeg);")self.frame.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)self.frame.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)self.frame.setObjectName("frame")self.w_time_signalture = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.frame)self.w_time_signalture.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360,220, 111, 21))self.w_time_signalture.setObjectName("w_time_signalture")self.w_time_signalture.addItem("")self.w_time_signalture.addItem("")self.w_mode = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.frame)self.w_mode.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 140, 111, 21))self.w_mode.setObjectName("w_mode")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_mode.addItem("")self.w_bass = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.frame)self.w_bass.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 300, 111, 21))self.w_bass.setObjectName("w_bass")self.w_bass.addItem("")self.w_bass.addItem("")self.w_bass.addItem("")self.w_bass.addItem("")self.w_bass.addItem("")self.w_bass.addItem("")self.w_bass.addItem("")self.w_bass.addItem("")self.w_accompany = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.frame)self.w_accompany.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 260, 111, 21))self.w_accompany.setObjectName("w_accompany")self.w_accompany.addItem("")self.w_accompany.addItem("")self.w_accompany.addItem("")self.w_accompany.addItem("")self.w_accompany.addItem("")self.w_accompany.addItem("")self.w_key = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.frame)self.w_key.setEnabled(True)self.w_key.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 100, 111, 21))self.w_key.setMaxVisibleItems(7)self.w_key.setObjectName("w_key")self.w_key.addItem("")self.w_key.addItem("")self.w_key.addItem("")self.w_key.addItem("")self.w_key.addItem("")self.w_key.addItem("")self.w_key.addItem("")self.verticalLayout_3.addWidget(self.frame)self.verticalLayout_2.addLayout(self.verticalLayout_3)self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 340, 141, 31))self.label.setObjectName("label")self.w_play = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)self.w_play.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 490, 93, 28))self.w_play.setAutoDefault(False)self.w_play.setDefault(False)self.w_play.setFlat(False)self.w_play.setObjectName("w_play")self.label_7 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 380, 121, 31))self.label_7.setObjectName("label_7")self.w_intensity = QtWidgets.QSlider(self.centralwidget)self.w_intensity.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(340, 430, 160, 22))self.w_intensity.setMaximum(100)self.w_intensity.setSingleStep(1)self.w_intensity.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)self.w_intensity.setObjectName("w_intensity")self.w_repeat = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)self.w_repeat.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 380, 113, 21))self.w_repeat.setInputMask("")self.w_repeat.setMaxLength(32767)self.w_repeat.setObjectName("w_repeat")self.w_bpm = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)self.w_bpm.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 180, 113, 21))self.w_bpm.setObjectName("w_bpm")self.w_chord_progression = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)self.w_chord_progression.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360,340,113,21))self.w_chord_progression.setObjectName("w_chord_progression")self.label_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 180, 121, 31))self.label_6.setObjectName("label_6")self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 100, 121, 31))self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5")self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 420, 121, 31))self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 220, 121, 31))self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 140, 121, 31))self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")self.label_8 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 260, 121, 31))self.label_8.setObjectName("label_8")self.label_9 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 300, 121, 31))self.label_9.setObjectName("label_9")self.checkBox = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.centralwidget)self.checkBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(630, 430, 91, 19))self.checkBox.setObjectName("checkBox")MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 798, 26))self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")self.menusetting = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)self.menusetting.setObjectName("menusetting")self.menuhelp = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)self.menuhelp.setObjectName("menuhelp")self.menuAbout = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)self.menuAbout.setObjectName("menuAbout")MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)self.actionsetting = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)self.actionsetting.setObjectName("actionsetting")self.actionexit = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)self.actionexit.setObjectName("actionexit")self.actiondocument_2 = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)self.actiondocument_2.setObjectName("actiondocument_2")self.actionabout = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)self.actionabout.setObjectName("actionabout")self.menusetting.addSeparator()self.menusetting.addAction(self.actionsetting)self.menusetting.addSeparator()self.menusetting.addAction(self.actionexit)self.menuhelp.addAction(self.actiondocument_2)self.menuAbout.addAction(self.actionabout)self.menubar.addAction(self.menusetting.menuAction())self.menubar.addAction(self.menuhelp.menuAction())self.menubar.addAction(self.menuAbout.menuAction())self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)self.w_key.setCurrentIndex(0)QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):  #重新加载界面_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translateMainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))self.w_time_signalture.setItemText(0,_translate("MainWindow","4/4"))self.w_time_signalture.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow","3/4"))self.w_mode.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "major"))self.w_mode.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "dorian"))self.w_mode.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "phrygian"))self.w_mode.setItemText(3, _translate("MainWindow", "lydian"))self.w_mode.setItemText(4, _translate("MainWindow", "mixolydian"))self.w_mode.setItemText(5, _translate("MainWindow", "minor"))self.w_mode.setItemText(6, _translate("MainWindow", "locrian"))self.w_mode.setItemText(7,_translate("MainWindow","major pentatonic"))self.w_mode.setItemText(8,_translate("MainWindow","minor pentatonic"))self.w_bass.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "None"))self.w_bass.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "1"))self.w_bass.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "2"))self.w_bass.setItemText(3, _translate("MainWindow", "3"))self.w_bass.setItemText(4, _translate("MainWindow", "4"))self.w_bass.setItemText(5, _translate("MainWindow", "5"))self.w_bass.setItemText(6, _translate("MainWindow", "6"))self.w_bass.setItemText(7, _translate("MainWindow", "7"))self.w_accompany.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "1"))self.w_accompany.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "2"))self.w_accompany.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "3"))self.w_accompany.setItemText(3, _translate("MainWindow", "4"))self.w_accompany.setItemText(4, _translate("MainWindow", "5"))self.w_accompany.setItemText(5, _translate("MainWindow", "6"))self.w_key.setCurrentText(_translate("MainWindow", "C"))self.w_key.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "C"))self.w_key.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "D"))self.w_key.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "E"))self.w_key.setItemText(3, _translate("MainWindow", "F"))self.w_key.setItemText(4, _translate("MainWindow", "G"))self.w_key.setItemText(5, _translate("MainWindow", "A"))self.w_key.setItemText(6, _translate("MainWindow", "B"))self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Chord progression"))self.w_play.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "GO"))self.label_7.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "repeat"))self.w_repeat.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "1"))self.w_bpm.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "120"))self.w_chord_progression.setText(_translate("MainWindow","4321"))self.label_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "bpm"))self.label_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "key"))self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "intensity"))self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Time signalture"))self.label_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "mode"))self.label_8.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "accompany"))self.label_9.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "bass"))self.checkBox.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "silent"))self.menusetting.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Menu"))self.menuhelp.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Help"))self.menuAbout.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "About"))self.actionsetting.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "setting"))self.actionexit.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "exit"))self.actiondocument_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "document"))self.actionabout.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "about"))

2）将控件绑定功能（信号与槽的绑定）

通过MainCode实现的继承关系如图所示，其中Impromptu类为可运行的脚本，Ui_MainWindow为PyQt5。

在这里插入图片描述

#完成基础页面布局后，对事件设定触发，并定义触发的函数
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QMessageBox
from PyQt5.QtCore import QCoreApplication
from my import v4
#import _thread
#import threading
import all1
play = False
class MainCode(all1.Impromptu, QMainWindow, v4.Ui_MainWindow):def __init__(self):  #初始化super().__init__()QMainWindow.__init__(self)v4.Ui_MainWindow.__init__(self)#super().setupUi(self)self.setupUi(self)self.w_play.clicked.connect(self.go)self.w_key.activated[str].connect(self.set_key)self.w_mode.activated[str].connect(self.set_mode)self.w_bass.activated[str].connect(self.set_bass)self.w_accompany.activated[str].connect(self.set_accompany)self.w_time_signalture.activated[str].connect(self.set_time_signalture)self.actionexit.triggered.connect(QCoreApplication.instance().quit)self.actiondocument_2.triggered.connect(self.document)self.actionsetting.triggered.connect(self.setting)self.actionabout.triggered.connect(self.about)def document(self):  #定义文本text = "this is ducoment"QMessageBox.information(self, "Message", text, QMessageBox.Ok)def setting(self):  #定义设置text = "this is setting"QMessageBox.information(self, "Message", text, QMessageBox.Ok)def about(self):    #定义关于text = "author: @dongmie1999\n2020.4"QMessageBox.information(self, "Message", text, QMessageBox.Ok)def set_key(self, text):  #定义设置键self.key = textdef set_mode(self, text): #定义设置模式self.mode = textdef set_bass(self, text):  #定义设置贝斯if text == 'None':self.sw_bass = Falseelse:self.sw_bass = Trueself.bass_type = int(text)def set_accompany(self, text):  #定义设置伴奏self.accompany_type = int(text)def set_time_signalture(self, text):  #定义设置时间self.time_signalture = textdef go(self):  #定义行进try:self.bpm = int(self.w_bpm.text())except ValueError:text = "bpm should be an positive integer.\nrecommend: 70~150"QMessageBox.information(self, "Message", text, QMessageBox.Ok)returntry:if not 0 < int(self.w_repeat.text()) <20:raise ValueErrorexcept ValueError:text = "repeat should be an positive integer.\nrecommend: 1~5"QMessageBox.information(self, "Message", text, QMessageBox.Ok)returnself.intensity = int(self.w_intensity.value()/100)try:  #用级数表示和弦for t in self.w_chord_progression.text():if 0 < int(t) < 8:passelse:text = "Input should be a series fo numbers.\nEach number must be between 1~7.\n" + \"Example: 4321 or 4536251 or 1645"QMessageBox.information(self, "Message", text, QMessageBox.Ok)returnself.chord_progression = self.w_chord_progression.text()except ValueError:  #和弦名称self.chord_progression=self.w_chord_progression.text().split(',')#print(self.checkBox.checkState())if self.checkBox.checkState():self.silent = Trueelse:self.silent = Falseprint("Song making...")self.write_song()self.mid.save_midi()print("Done. Start to play.")#for n in range(self.repeat):#获取条目文本#str_n = 'File index{0}'.format(n)#添加文本到列表控件中#self.listFile.addItem(str_n)#实时刷新界面#QApplication.processEvents()#睡眠1秒#time.sleep(1)#thread.start_new_thread(self.mid.play_it())self.mid.play_it()if __name__ == '__main__':  #主函数app = QApplication(sys.argv)md = MainCode()md.show()#t1 = threading.Thread(target=md.show())#t2 = threading.Thread(target=md.go())#t1.start()#t1.join()#if play:#print("play")#t2.start()#t2.join()#play = Falsesys.exit(app.exec_())

系统测试

GUI界面选择的和弦级数都是调内和弦。在Impromptu中使用self.chord_progression = [Cmaj7'，'Am7'， 'F'， 'E7']，可以使用调外和弦，给歌曲引入更丰富的和声。

运行主程序后显示GUI界面如图所示。用户可选择的歌曲信息有主音、调式、bpm、拍号、钢琴伴奏类型、贝斯伴奏类型、和弦进行、重复次数和即兴的强度，另外还有右下角音色的切换(普通/安静)。

在这里插入图片描述

由于即兴的特点，每次运行产生的音频都不同，此处展示C大调下和弦进行为4321，重复次数为1，贝斯和钢琴伴奏类型均为类型1的歌曲可视化结果，如图3所示。钢琴伴奏位于中音区(C3～4) 。即兴旋律可视化结果如图4所示，即兴旋律位于高音区(C4～C5) 。贝斯伴奏可视化结果如图5所示，即兴旋律位于低音区(C1~C2)。

在这里插入图片描述

图3 钢琴伴奏可视化

在这里插入图片描述

图4 即兴旋律可视化

在这里插入图片描述

图5 贝斯伴奏可视化

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