Docker创建 LNMP 服务+Wordpress 网站平台
一.环境及准备工作
1.项目环境
公司在实际的生产环境中，需要使用 Docker 技术在一台主机上创建 LNMP 服务并运行 Wordpress 网站平台。然后对此服务进行相关的性能调优和管理工作。
容器 系统 IP地址 软件
nginx centos 7.5 172.18.0.10 wordpress-6.0.2-zh_CN.tar.gz、nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
mysql centos 7.5 172.18.0.20 mysql-boost-5.7.25.tar.g
php centos 7.5 172.18.0.30 php-7.1.24.tar.gz
2.服务器环境
| 容器 | 操作系统 | IP地址 | 主要软件 |
|---|---|---|---|
| nginx | CentOS 7 | 172.20.0.10 | Docker-Nginx |
| mysql | CentOS 7 | 172.20.0.20 | Docker-Mysql |
| php | CentOS 7 | 172.20.0.30 | Docker-php |
3.任务需求
（1）使用 Docker 构建 LNMP 环境并运行 Wordpress 网站平台
（2）限制 Nginx 容器最多使用 500MB 的内存和 1G 的 Swap
（3）限制 Mysql 容器写 /dev/sda 的速率为 10 MB/s
（4）将所有容器进行快照，然后将 Docker 镜像打包成 tar 包备份到本地
二.Linux 系统基础镜像
规划三台操作系统的内存及大小4+4G
提前关闭防火墙
#关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service
setenforce 0
提前安装好Docker容器
下载完之后提前下载centos7的镜像
docker pull centos:7
三.docker构建Nginx
1.建立工作目录上传安装包
mkdir /opt/nginx
cd /opt/nginx
#上传 nginx 安装包 nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz和wordpress 服务包wordpress-6.0.2-zh_CN.tar.gzls
nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz wordpress-6.0.2-zh_CN.tar.gz2.编写 Dockerfile 脚本
vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
#指定基础镜像MAINTAINER ydq
#指定维护者信息RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
#安装依赖包，安装环境RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#创建nginx用户ADD nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz /opt
#将本地安装包上传到指定目录(自动解压)WORKDIR /opt/nginx-1.12.2
#进入到/opt/nginx-1.12.2目录中RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module && make && make install
#开始编译安装,加上&&符号，只有前面执行完成，后面才会执行ENV PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
#将nginx执行命令放入到环境变量中ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#在宿主机写好配置文件，然就将配置文件复制到容器中ADD wordpress-6.0.2-zh_CN.tar.gz /usr/local/nginx/html
#上传论坛的包RUN chmod 777 -R /usr/local/nginx/html
#给html文件所有权限EXPOSE 80
#开放80端口VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html/"]
#挂载目录(相当于将/usr/local/nginx/html目录共享，会在宿主机上自动生成共享目录，主要目的是为了让容器之间共享这个文件)CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]
#执行启动nginx命令,并且关闭nginx的后台启动，因为需要它占用前台，让docker不关闭。
3.准备 nginx.conf 配置文件
worker_processes 1;
events {worker_connections 1024;
}
http {include mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;sendfile on;keepalive_timeout 65;server {listen 80;server_name localhost;charset utf-8;location / {root html;index index.html index.php;}error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root html;}location ~ \.php$ { #当访问以.php结尾的URL时，会连接到172.18.0.30的ip地址上root html;fastcgi_pass 172.18.0.30:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;include fastcgi_params;}}
}
4.生成镜像
docker build -t nginx:lnmp .
docker images
5.创建自定义网络
docker network create --subnet=172.20.0.0/16 --opt "com.docker.network.bridge.name"="docker1" mynetworkdocker network ls
ifconfig docker1
6.启动镜像容器
docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 -m 500m --memory-swap 1g --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.10 nginx:lnmp
#启动容器
----------------------------
-m 500: #表示该容器内存最大为500MB
--memory-swap: #表示内存+swap总共1G，那swap也是500MB
————————————————
docker ps -a
docker inspect nginx
7.验证 nginx
#进入容器验证
curl http://192.168.27.22:80<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>body {width: 35em;margin: 0 auto;font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
四.docker构建Mysql
1. 建立工作目录
mkdir /opt/mysql
cd /opt/mysql/
#传入mysql安装包mysql-boost-5.7.25.tar.gz
2. 编写 Dockerfile
vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
#基础镜像MAINTAINER ydq
#维护人信息RUN yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
#安装环境RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#创建mysql用户ADD mysql-boost-5.7.25.tar.gz /opt
#将mysql安装包上传(自带boost)WORKDIR /opt/mysql-5.7.25
#切换到mysql解压后的目录RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 && make -j4 && make install
#编译安装EXPOSE 3306
#开放端口
ADD my.cnf /etc/RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/;chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
#设置权限ENV PATH /usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
#设置环境变量WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/bin
#切换目录RUN ./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#初始化mysqlRUN cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
#复制mysql服务程序到启动文件中VOLUME ["/usr/local/mysql"]
#设置共享目录CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]
#启动容器之后，可以使用systemctl工具(并且占用前台，保持容器不断)3. 准备 my.cnf 文件
vim /opt/mysql/my.cnf[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
4. 生成镜像
docker build -t mysql:lnmp .
docker images
5. 启动镜像容器
docker run --name=mysql -d --privileged --device-write-bps /dev/sda:10M -v /usr/local/mysql --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.20 mysql:lnmp
docker ps -a
6. 验证 mysql
docker exec -it mysql bash
systemctl status mysqld
五、docker构建Php
1. 建立工作目录
mkdir /opt/php
cd /opt/php/
#传入php安装包
2. 编写 Dockerfile 脚本
vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7MAINTAINER ydq3RUN yum install -y gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#下载环境，以及创建nginx用户。ADD php-7.1.24.tar.gz /opt
#上传php包到/opt目录下WORKDIR /opt/php-7.1.24
#进入到指定目录RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip && make -j 4 && make install
#编译安装ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
#设置环境变量ADD php.ini /usr/local/php/lib
ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc
ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
#上传配置文件到指定目录EXPOSE 9000
#暴露端口CMD /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -F
#启动一个进程，占用前台。3. 准备 php.ini、php-fpm.conf、www.conf 配置文件
3.1 php.ini
vim php.ini
[PHP]
engine = On
short_open_tag = Off
precision = 14
output_buffering = 4096
zlib.output_compression = Off
implicit_flush = Off
unserialize_callback_func =
serialize_precision = -1
disable_functions =
disable_classes =
zend.enable_gc = On
expose_php = On
max_execution_time = 30
max_input_time = 60
memory_limit = 128M
error_reporting = E_ALL
display_errors = On
display_startup_errors = On
log_errors = On
log_errors_max_len = 1024
ignore_repeated_errors = Off
ignore_repeated_source = Off
report_memleaks = On
track_errors = On
html_errors = On
variables_order = "GPCS"
request_order = "GP"
register_argc_argv = Off
auto_globals_jit = On
post_max_size = 8M
auto_prepend_file =
auto_append_file =
default_mimetype = "text/html"
default_charset = "UTF-8"
doc_root =
user_dir =
enable_dl = Off
file_uploads = On
upload_max_filesize = 2M
max_file_uploads = 20
allow_url_fopen = On
allow_url_include = Off
default_socket_timeout = 60
[CLI Server]
cli_server.color = On
[Date]
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[filter]
[iconv]
[intl]
[sqlite3]
[Pcre]
[Pdo]
[Pdo_mysql]
pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000
pdo_mysql.default_socket=
[Phar]
[mail function]
SMTP = localhost
smtp_port = 25
mail.add_x_header = On
[SQL]
sql.safe_mode = Off
[ODBC]
odbc.allow_persistent = On
odbc.check_persistent = On
odbc.max_persistent = -1
odbc.max_links = -1
odbc.defaultlrl = 4096
odbc.defaultbinmode = 1
[Interbase]
ibase.allow_persistent = 1
ibase.max_persistent = -1
ibase.max_links = -1
ibase.timestampformat = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
ibase.dateformat = "%Y-%m-%d"
ibase.timeformat = "%H:%M:%S"
[MySQLi]
mysqli.max_persistent = -1
mysqli.allow_persistent = On
mysqli.max_links = -1
mysqli.cache_size = 2000
mysqli.default_port = 3306
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
mysqli.default_host =
mysqli.default_user =
mysqli.default_pw =
mysqli.reconnect = Off
[mysqlnd]
mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On
mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = On
[OCI8]
[PostgreSQL]
pgsql.allow_persistent = On
pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off
pgsql.max_persistent = -1
pgsql.max_links = -1
pgsql.ignore_notice = 0
pgsql.log_notice = 0
[bcmath]
bcmath.scale = 0
[browscap]
[Session]
session.save_handler = files
session.use_strict_mode = 0
session.use_cookies = 1
session.use_only_cookies = 1
session.name = PHPSESSID
session.auto_start = 0
session.cookie_lifetime = 0
session.cookie_path = /
session.cookie_domain =
session.cookie_httponly =
session.serialize_handler = php
session.gc_probability = 1
session.gc_divisor = 1000
session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440
session.referer_check =
session.cache_limiter = nocache
session.cache_expire = 180
session.use_trans_sid = 0
session.sid_length = 26
session.trans_sid_tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form="
session.sid_bits_per_character = 5
[Assertion]
zend.assertions = 1
[COM]
[mbstring]
[gd]
[exif]
[Tidy]
tidy.clean_output = Off
[soap]
soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1
soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp"
soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400
soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5
[sysvshm]
[ldap]
ldap.max_links = -1
[mcrypt]
[dba]
[opcache]
[curl]
[openssl]3.2 php-fpm.conf
vim /opt/php/php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
include=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
egrep -v "^;" php-fpm.conf | egrep -v "^$"
3.3 www.conf
vim /opt/php/www.conf
[www]
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = 172.18.0.30:9000
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 34. 生成镜像
docker build -t php:lnmp .
docker images
5. 启动镜像容器
docker run -itd --name php --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.30 -p 9000:9000 --volumes-from nginx --volumes-from mysql php:lnmp
docker ps -a
6. 验证 php
docker exec -it php bash
ps -aux
六、启动 wordpress 服务
1. mysql 授权
#进入 mysql 容器
docker exec -it mysql bash
mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
#初始密码为空直接回车
docker exec -it mysql bash
#登录到mysql容器mysql
#登录到容器中create database wordpress;
#创建一个数据库grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by 'abc123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';flush privileges;2.浏览器访问测试
访问http://192.168.27.22/wordpress/wp-admin/setup-config.php
