数据分片概述、环境准备、部署MyCAT服务、全局表、分片表、ER表

1 案例1：部署mycat服务

1.1 问题

把主机mysql60 配置为 MySQL59 的从服务器
把主机mysql62 配置为 MySQL61 的从服务器
把主机mycat63 配置为mycat服务器
客户端192.168.88.50访问mycat服务

1.2 方案

准备6台虚拟机，具体配置如表-1

1.3 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：把MySQL60配置为MySQL59的从服务器

1）配置主服务器MySQL59

    //启用binlog日志[root@mysql59 ~]# yum –y  install mysql-server  mysql[root@mysql59 ~]# systemctl start mysqld[root@mysql59 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf[mysqld]server-id=59log-bin=mysql59:wq[root@mysql59 ~]# systemctl  restart mysqld//用户授权[root@mysql59 ~]# mysqlmysql> create user repluser@"%" identified by "123qqq...A"; 创建用户Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)mysql> grant replication slave on *.*  to repluser@"%"; 授予权限Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)//查看日志信息mysql> show master status;+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| File           | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| mysql59.000001 |      667 |              |                  |                   |+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2）配置slave服务器MySQL60

    //指定server-id 并重启数据库服务[root@mysql60 ~]# yum –y  install mysql-serv    er  mysql[root@mysql60 ~]# systemctl start mysqld[root@mysql60 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf[mysqld]server-id=60:wq[root@mysql60 ~]# systemctl  restart mysqld//登陆服务指定主服务器信息[root@mysql60 ~]# mysqlmysql> change master to  master_host="192.168.88.59" , master_user="repluser" , master_password="123qqq...A" ,master_log_file="mysql59.000001" , master_log_pos=667;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.34 sec)//启动slave进程mysql> start slave ; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)//查看状态信息mysql> show slave status \G  *************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send eventMaster_Host: 192.168.88.59Master_User: repluserMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql59.000001Read_Master_Log_Pos: 667Relay_Log_File: mysql60-relay-bin.000002Relay_Log_Pos: 322Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql59.000001Slave_IO_Running: Yes   //IO线程Slave_SQL_Running: Yes   //SQL线程Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 667Relay_Log_Space: 533Until_Condition: NoneUntil_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0Master_SSL_Allowed: NoMaster_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 59Master_UUID: 38c02165-005e-11ee-bd2d-525400007271Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_infoSQL_Delay: 0SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULLSlave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updatesMaster_Retry_Count: 86400Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: Master_public_key_path: Get_master_public_key: 0Network_Namespace: 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql>

步骤二：把MySQL62配置为MySQL61的从服务器

1）配置主服务器MySQL61

    //启用binlog日志[root@mysql61 ~]# yum –y  install mysql-server  mysql[root@mysql61 ~]# systemctl start mysqld[root@mysql61 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf[mysqld]server-id=61log-bin=mysql61:wq[root@mysql61 ~]# systemctl  restart mysqld//用户授权[root@mysql61 ~]# mysqlmysql> create user repluser@"%" identified by "123qqq...A"; 创建用户Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)mysql> grant replication slave on *.*  to repluser@"%"; 授予权限Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)//查看日志信息mysql> show master status;+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| File           | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| mysql61.000001 |      667 |              |                  |                   |+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2）配置slave服务器MySQL62

    //指定server-id 并重启数据库服务[root@mysql62 ~]# yum –y  install mysql-server  mysql[root@mysql62 ~]# systemctl start mysqld[root@mysql62 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf[mysqld]server-id=62:wq[root@mysql62 ~]# systemctl  restart mysqld//登陆服务指定主服务器信息[root@mysql62 ~]# mysqlmysql> change master to  master_host="192.168.88.61" , master_user="repluser" , master_password="123qqq...A" ,master_log_file="mysql61.000001" , master_log_pos=667;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.34 sec)//启动slave进程mysql> start slave ; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)//查看状态信息mysql> show slave status \G  *************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send eventMaster_Host: 192.168.88.61Master_User: repluserMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql61.000001Read_Master_Log_Pos: 667Relay_Log_File: mysql62-relay-bin.000002Relay_Log_Pos: 322Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql61.000001Slave_IO_Running: Yes   //IO线程Slave_SQL_Running: Yes   //SQL线程Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 667Relay_Log_Space: 533Until_Condition: NoneUntil_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0Master_SSL_Allowed: NoMaster_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 61Master_UUID: 38c02165-005e-11ee-bd2d-525400007271Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_infoSQL_Delay: 0SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULLSlave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updatesMaster_Retry_Count: 86400Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: Master_public_key_path: Get_master_public_key: 0Network_Namespace: 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql>

步骤三：把主机mycat63配置为mycat服务器。

1)拷贝软件到mycat63主机

    [root@server1 ~]# scp /linux-soft/s3/mycat2-1.21-release-jar-with-dependencies.jar  root@192.168.88.63:/root/[root@server1 ~]# scp /linux-soft/s3/mycat2-install-template-1.21.zip  root@192.168.88.63:/root/

2)安装mycat软件

    //安装jdk[root@mycat63 ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64//安装mycat[root@mycat63 ~]# which unzip || yum -y  install unzip[root@mycat63 ~]# unzip mycat2-install-template-1.21.zip[root@mycat63 ~]# mv mycat /usr/local///安装依赖[root@mycat63 ~]# cp mycat2-1.21-release-jar-with-dependencies.jar  /usr/local/mycat/lib///修改权限[root@mycat63 ~]# chmod -R 777 /usr/local/mycat/

3)定义客户端连接时使用的用户：

    [root@mycat63 ~]# vim  /usr/local/mycat/conf/users/root.user.json{"dialect":"mysql","ip":null,"password":"654321","transactionType":"proxy","username":"mycat"}:wq

定义连接的数据库服务

    [root@mycat63 ~]# vim  /usr/local/mycat/conf/datasources/prototypeDs.data{"dbType":"mysql","idleTimeout":60000,"initSqls":[],"initSqlsGetConnection":true,"instanceType":"READ_WRITE","maxCon":1000,"maxConnectTimeout":3000,"maxRetryCount":5,"minCon":1,"name":"prototypeDs","password":"123456", 密码"type":"JDBC","url":"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=UTF-8", 连接本机的数据库服务"user":"plj", 用户名"weight":0}:wq

5)在mycat63主机运行数据库服务

    [root@mycat63 ~]# yum -y  install  mysql-server  mysql[root@mycat63 ~]# systemctl start mysqld//创建plj用户[root@mycat63 ~]# mysqlmysql> create user plj@"%" identified by "123456"; 创建用户Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)mysql> grant all on *.* to plj@"%" ; 授予权限Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.39 sec)mysql> exitBye[root@mycat63 ~]#

6)启动mycat服务

    [root@mycat63 ~]# /usr/local/mycat/bin/mycat helpUsage: /usr/local/mycat/bin/mycat { console | start | stop | restart | status | dump }[root@mycat63 ~]# /usr/local/mycat/bin/mycat startStarting mycat2...//半分钟左右 能看到端口[root@mycat63 ~]# netstat  -utnlp  | grep 8066tcp6       0      0 :::8066  :::*       LISTEN      57015/java          [root@mycat63 ~]#

步骤四：连接mycat服务器

1）连接本机的mycat服务

    [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -umycat -p654321mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| `Database`         |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema |+--------------------+3 rows in set (0.11 sec)Mysql>

步骤五：添加数据源

1）连接本机的mycat服务，添加数据源

    [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -umycat -p654321//添加MySQL59MySQL>/*+ mycat:createdatasource{"name":"dw0", "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.59:3306","user":"plj","password":"123456"}*/;//添加MySQL60Mysql>/*+ mycat:createdatasource{"name":"dr0", "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.60:3306","user":"plj","password":"123456"}*/;//添加MySQL61Mysql>/*+ mycat:createdatasource{"name":"dw1", "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.61:3306","user":"plj","password":"123456"}*/;//添加MySQL62Mysql>/*+ mycat:createdatasource{"name":"dr1", "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.62:3306","user":"plj","password":"123456"}*/;Mysql>

2）查看存放目录

    [root@mycat63 ~]# ls /usr/local/mycat/conf/datasources/dr0.datasource.json  dr1.datasource.json  dw0.datasource.json  dw1.datasource.json  prototypeDs.datasource.json

3）查看数据信息

    mysql> /*+mycat:showDataSources{}*/ \G*************************** 1. row ***************************NAME: dw0USERNAME: pljPASSWORD: 123456MAX_CON: 1000MIN_CON: 1EXIST_CON: 0USE_CON: 0MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 30000DB_TYPE: mysqlURL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.59:3306?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=trueWEIGHT: 0INIT_SQL: INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: trueINSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITEIDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000DRIVER: {CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",ActiveCount:0,PoolingCount:0,CreateCount:0,DestroyCount:0,CloseCount:0,ConnectCount:0,Connections:[]}TYPE: JDBCIS_MYSQL: true*************************** 2. row ***************************NAME: dw1USERNAME: pljPASSWORD: 123456MAX_CON: 1000MIN_CON: 1EXIST_CON: 0USE_CON: 0MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 30000DB_TYPE: mysqlURL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.61:3306?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=trueWEIGHT: 0INIT_SQL: INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: trueINSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITEIDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000DRIVER: {CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",ActiveCount:0,PoolingCount:0,CreateCount:0,DestroyCount:0,CloseCount:0,ConnectCount:0,Connections:[]}TYPE: JDBCIS_MYSQL: true*************************** 3. row ***************************NAME: dr0USERNAME: pljPASSWORD: 123456MAX_CON: 1000MIN_CON: 1EXIST_CON: 0USE_CON: 0MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 30000DB_TYPE: mysqlURL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.61:3306?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=trueWEIGHT: 0INIT_SQL: INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: trueINSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITEIDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000DRIVER: {CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",ActiveCount:0,PoolingCount:0,CreateCount:0,DestroyCount:0,CloseCount:0,ConnectCount:0,Connections:[]}TYPE: JDBCIS_MYSQL: true*************************** 4. row ***************************NAME: dr1USERNAME: pljPASSWORD: 123456MAX_CON: 1000MIN_CON: 1EXIST_CON: 0USE_CON: 0MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 30000DB_TYPE: mysqlURL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.62:3306?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=trueWEIGHT: 0INIT_SQL: INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: trueINSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITEIDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000DRIVER: {CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",ActiveCount:0,PoolingCount:0,CreateCount:0,DestroyCount:0,CloseCount:0,ConnectCount:0,Connections:[]}TYPE: JDBCIS_MYSQL: true*************************** 5. row ***************************NAME: prototypeDsUSERNAME: pljPASSWORD: 123456MAX_CON: 1000MIN_CON: 1EXIST_CON: 0USE_CON: 0MAX_RETRY_COUNT: 5MAX_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 3000DB_TYPE: mysqlURL: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=trueWEIGHT: 0INIT_SQL: INIT_SQL_GET_CONNECTION: trueINSTANCE_TYPE: READ_WRITEIDLE_TIMEOUT: 60000DRIVER: {CreateTime:"2023-05-08 16:10:26",ActiveCount:0,PoolingCount:0,CreateCount:0,DestroyCount:0,CloseCount:0,ConnectCount:0,Connections:[]}TYPE: JDBCIS_MYSQL: true5 rows in set (0.07 sec)mysql>

步骤六：配置数据库服务器

1）在主服务器添加plj用户

    [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql mysql> create user plj@"%" identified by "123456";Mysql> grant all on *.*  to plj@"%";[root@mysql61 ~]# mysql mysql> create user plj@"%" identified by "123456";Mysql> grant all on *.*  to plj@"%";

2）在从服务器查看用户是否同步

    [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'select user from mysql.user where user="plj"'+------+| user |+------+| plj  |+------+[root@mysql60 ~]# [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'select user from mysql.user where user="plj"'+------+| user |+------+| plj  |+------+[root@host62 ~]#

步骤七：创建集群

1）连接本机的mycat服务,创建集群

    [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -umycat -p654321mysql> /*!mycat:createcluster{"name":"c0","masters":["dw0"],"replicas":["dr0"]}*/;mysql> /*!mycat:createcluster{"name":"c1","masters":["dw1"],"replicas":["dr1"]}*/;Mysql>

2）创建的集群保存在mycat安装目录下

    [root@MySQL63 ~]# ls /usr/local/mycat/conf/clusters/c0.cluster.json  c1.cluster.json  prototype.cluster.json[root@mycat63 ~]#

3）查看集群信息

    mysql> /*+ mycat:showClusters{}*/ \G*************************** 1. row ***************************NAME: prototypeSWITCH_TYPE: SWITCHMAX_REQUEST_COUNT: 200TYPE: BALANCE_ALLWRITE_DS: prototypeDsREAD_DS: prototypeDsWRITE_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1READ_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1AVAILABLE: true*************************** 2. row ***************************NAME: c0SWITCH_TYPE: SWITCHMAX_REQUEST_COUNT: 2000TYPE: BALANCE_ALLWRITE_DS: dw0READ_DS: dw0,dr0WRITE_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1READ_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1AVAILABLE: true*************************** 3. row ***************************NAME: c1SWITCH_TYPE: SWITCHMAX_REQUEST_COUNT: 2000TYPE: BALANCE_ALLWRITE_DS: dw1READ_DS: dw1,dr1WRITE_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1READ_L: io.mycat.plug.loadBalance.BalanceRandom$1AVAILABLE: true3 rows in set (0.03 sec)mysql>

2 案例2：测试配置

2.1 问题

练习全局表
练习分片表
练习ER表

2.2 方案

在客户端client50 连接mycat63 存储数据，验证mycat63的配置

2.3 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：练习全局表

全局表数据会插入到两个库中，并且两个库中都有全部的数据。

    //在mycat63 连接本机的mycat服务建库[root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -umycat -p654321 -P8066mysql> create database tarena;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec)mysql> exitBye[root@mycat63 ~]#

配置文件存放位置

    [root@mycat63 ~]# ls /usr/local/mycat/conf/schemas/tarena.schema.json /usr/local/mycat/conf/schemas/tarena.schema.json[root@mycat63 ~]#

创建全局表

    //客户端client50 连接mycat63主机的 建表存储数据[root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -umycat -p654321 -P8066mysql> create table tarena.dept(dept_id int  , dept_name char(10),primary key(dept_id)) default charset utf8  broadcast;Query OK, 0 rows affected (4.46 sec)//插入记录mysql> insert into tarena.dept values(1,"开发部"),(2,"运维部"),(3,"测试部");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.23 sec)//查看记录mysql> select  * from tarena.dept;+---------+-----------+| dept_id | dept_name |+---------+-----------+|       1 | 开发部    ||       2 | 运维部    ||       3 | 测试部    |+---------+-----------+3 rows in set (0.33 sec)mysql>

在4台数据库服务器查看

    [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'select  * from tarena.dept'+---------+-----------+| dept_id | dept_name |+---------+-----------+|       1 | 开发部    ||       2 | 运维部    ||       3 | 测试部    |+---------+-----------+[root@host61 ~]# [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'select  * from tarena.dept'+---------+-----------+| dept_id | dept_name |+---------+-----------+|       1 | 开发部    ||       2 | 运维部    ||       3 | 测试部    |+---------+-----------+[root@host62 ~]# [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'select  * from tarena.dept'+---------+-----------+| dept_id | dept_name |+---------+-----------+|       1 | 开发部    ||       2 | 运维部    ||       3 | 测试部    |+---------+-----------+[root@host63 ~]# [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'select  * from tarena.dept'+---------+-----------+| dept_id | dept_name |+---------+-----------+|       1 | 开发部    ||       2 | 运维部    ||       3 | 测试部    |+---------+-----------+

步骤二：练习分片表

dbpartition 定义分库使用的分片规则，

tbpartition 定义分表使用的分片规则。

mod_hash 分片规则，用employee_id表头的值做取模计算

tbpartitions 1 表的分片数量

dbpartitions 2 库的分片数量

    //连接mycat服务建表[root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -P8066 -umycat –p654321create table tarena.employees(employee_id  int  primary key,name char(10),dept_id int , mail varchar(30)) default charset utf8dbpartition BY mod_hash(employee_id) tbpartition BY mod_hash(employee_id) tbpartitions 1 dbpartitions 2;

在4台数据库服务器查看表

    [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'show databases'+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || sys                || tarena             || tarena_0           |+--------------------+[root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_0 ; show tables'+--------------------+| Tables_in_tarena_0 |+--------------------+| employees_0        |+--------------------+[root@host61 ~]# [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'show databases'+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || sys                || tarena             || tarena_0           |+--------------------+[root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_0 ; show tables'+--------------------+| Tables_in_tarena_0 |+--------------------+| employees_0        |+--------------------+[root@host62 ~]# [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'show databases'+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || sys                || tarena             || tarena_1           |+--------------------+[root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_1;show tables'+--------------------+| Tables_in_tarena_1 |+--------------------+| employees_1        |+--------------------+[root@host63 ~]# [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'show databases'+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || sys                || tarena             || tarena_1           |+--------------------+[root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_1;show tables'+--------------------+| Tables_in_tarena_1 |+--------------------+| employees_1        |+--------------------+[root@host64 ~]#

存储数据

    [root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -P8066 -umycat –p654321mysql> insert into tarena.employees values (9,"a","1","a@163.com");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)mysql> insert into tarena.employees values (8,"B","3","B@QQ.com");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.13 sec)mysql> insert into tarena.employees values (7,"C","2","c@QQ.com");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)mysql> insert into tarena.employees values (6,"C","2","c@QQ.com");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)mysql> select  * from tarena.employees;+-------------+------+---------+-----------+| employee_id | name | dept_id | mail      |+-------------+------+---------+-----------+|           6 | C    |       2 | c@QQ.com  ||           8 | B    |       3 | B@QQ.com  ||           7 | C    |       2 | c@QQ.com  ||           9 | a    |       1 | a@163.com |+-------------+------+---------+-----------+4 rows in set (2.07 sec)

在数据库服务器本机查看数据

    [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'select  * from tarena_0.employees_0'+-------------+------+---------+----------+| employee_id | name | dept_id | mail     |+-------------+------+---------+----------+|           6 | C    |       2 | c@QQ.com ||           8 | B    |       3 | B@QQ.com |+-------------+------+---------+----------+[root@mysql59 ~]# [root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'select  * from tarena_0.employees_0'+-------------+------+---------+----------+| employee_id | name | dept_id | mail     |+-------------+------+---------+----------+|           6 | C    |       2 | c@QQ.com ||           8 | B    |       3 | B@QQ.com |+-------------+------+---------+----------+[root@mysql60 ~]# [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_1.employees_1'+-------------+------+---------+-----------+| employee_id | name | dept_id | mail      |+-------------+------+---------+-----------+|           7 | C    |       2 | c@QQ.com  ||           9 | a    |       1 | a@163.com |+-------------+------+---------+-----------+[root@mysql61 ~]# [root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_1.employees_1'+-------------+------+---------+-----------+| employee_id | name | dept_id | mail      |+-------------+------+---------+-----------+|           7 | C    |       2 | c@QQ.com  ||           9 | a    |       1 | a@163.com |+-------------+------+---------+-----------+[root@mysql62 ~]#

步骤三：练习ER表

ER表，称为关联表，表示数据逻辑上有关联性的两个或多个表，例如工资表和员工表。对于关联表，通常希望他们能够有相同的分片规则，这样在进行关联查询时，能够快速定位到同一个数据分片中。MyCat2中对于关联表，不需要有过多的声明，他可以根据分片规则自行判断。

1)连接mycat服务建表

    [root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -P8066 -umycat –p654321mysql> create table tarena.salary(employee_id int primary key, p_date date , basic int , bonus int ) DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 dbpartition BY mod_hash(employee_id) tbpartition BY mod_hash(employee_id) tbpartitions 1;Query OK, 1 row affected (1.93 sec)

2）在MyCat2终端查看关联表关系。

    [root@mycat63 ~]# mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -umycat –p654321mysql> /*+ mycat:showErGroup{}*/ ;+---------+------------+-----------+| groupId | schemaName | tableName |+---------+------------+-----------+| 0       | tarena     | employees || 0       | tarena     | salary    |+---------+------------+-----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>

3)在2台主服务器查看表

    [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_0 ; show tables'+--------------------+| Tables_in_tarena_0 |+--------------------+| employees_0        || salary_0           |+--------------------+[root@mysql59 ~]# [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'use tarena_1;show tables'+--------------------+| Tables_in_tarena_1 |+--------------------+| employees_1        || salary_1           |+--------------------+[root@mysql61~]#

4）插入数据

    [root@client50 ~]# mysql -h192.168.88.63 -P8066 -umycat –p654321 mysql> desc tarena.salary;+-------------+------+------+-----+---------+-------+| Field       | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+-------------+------+------+-----+---------+-------+| employee_id | int  | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       || p_date      | date | YES  |     | NULL    |       || basic       | int  | YES  |     | NULL    |       || bonus       | int  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |+-------------+------+------+-----+---------+-------+4 rows in set (0.07 sec)mysql> insert into tarena.salary values(6,20230110,20000,2000);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.28 sec)mysql> insert into tarena.salary values(7,20230210,25000,2500);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.21 sec)mysql> insert into tarena.salary values(8,20230310,30000,3000);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.26 sec)mysql> insert into tarena.salary values(9,20230410,35000,3500);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)mysql> select  * from tarena.salary;+-------------+------------+-------+-------+| employee_id | p_date     | basic | bonus |+-------------+------------+-------+-------+|           6 | 2023-01-10 | 20000 |  2000 ||           8 | 2023-03-10 | 30000 |  3000 ||           7 | 2023-02-10 | 25000 |  2500 ||           9 | 2023-04-10 | 35000 |  3500 |+-------------+------------+-------+-------+4 rows in set (0.16 sec)mysql>

5)在4台数据库服务器本机查看

    [root@mysql59 ~]# mysql -e 'select  * from tarena_0.employees_0'+-------------+------+---------+----------+| employee_id | name | dept_id | mail     |+-------------+------+---------+----------+|           6 | C    |       2 | c@QQ.com ||           8 | B    |       3 | B@QQ.com |+-------------+------+---------+----------+[root@mysql59 ~]#[root@mysql60 ~]# mysql -e 'select  * from tarena_0.salary_0'+-------------+------------+-------+-------+| employee_id | p_date     | basic | bonus |+-------------+------------+-------+-------+|           6 | 2023-01-10 | 20000 |  2000 ||           8 | 2023-03-10 | 30000 |  3000 |+-------------+------------+-------+-------+[root@mysql60 ~]# [root@mysql61 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_1.employees_1'+-------------+------+---------+-----------+| employee_id | name | dept_id | mail      |+-------------+------+---------+-----------+|           7 | C    |       2 | c@QQ.com  ||           9 | a    |       1 | a@163.com |+-------------+------+---------+-----------+[root@mysql62 ~]# mysql -e 'select * from tarena_1.salary_1'+-------------+------------+-------+-------+| employee_id | p_date     | basic | bonus |+-------------+------------+-------+-------+|           7 | 2023-02-10 | 25000 |  2500 ||           9 | 2023-04-10 | 35000 |  3500 |+-------------+------------+-------+-------+[root@mysql62~]#