研究MT5时发现MQL5这个指标编写功能很强大,应该是碾压国内所有的指标系统,不过这个东西相对复杂很多,比通达信公式不知复杂几许,看起来和C++语法接近,倒是比较适合自己。试着玩一下,发现还是有点难度的。索性记录一下。
学习最快的方式就是拿相对简单的东西七改八改一下,然后看呈现出来的是什么样。
RSI指标是能想到的最简单的指标系统,示例里面有代码,贴出来看看:
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
//| RSI.mq5 |
//| Copyright 2000-2024, MetaQuotes Ltd. |
//| https://www.mql5.com |
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
#property copyright "Copyright 2000-2024, MetaQuotes Ltd."
#property link "https://www.mql5.com"
#property description "Relative Strength Index"
//--- indicator settings
#property indicator_separate_window
#property indicator_minimum 0
#property indicator_maximum 100
#property indicator_level1 30
#property indicator_level2 70
#property indicator_buffers 3
#property indicator_plots 1
#property indicator_type1 DRAW_LINE
#property indicator_color1 DodgerBlue
//--- input parameters
input int InpPeriodRSI=14; // Period
//--- indicator buffers
double ExtRSIBuffer[];
double ExtPosBuffer[];
double ExtNegBuffer[];int ExtPeriodRSI;
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
//| Custom indicator initialization function |
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
void OnInit(){
//--- check for inputif(InpPeriodRSI<1){ExtPeriodRSI=14;PrintFormat("Incorrect value for input variable InpPeriodRSI = %d. Indicator will use value %d for calculations.",InpPeriodRSI,ExtPeriodRSI);}elseExtPeriodRSI=InpPeriodRSI;
//--- indicator buffers mappingSetIndexBuffer(0,ExtRSIBuffer,INDICATOR_DATA);SetIndexBuffer(1,ExtPosBuffer,INDICATOR_CALCULATIONS);SetIndexBuffer(2,ExtNegBuffer,INDICATOR_CALCULATIONS);
//--- set accuracyIndicatorSetInteger(INDICATOR_DIGITS,2);
//--- sets first bar from what index will be drawnPlotIndexSetInteger(0,PLOT_DRAW_BEGIN,ExtPeriodRSI);
//--- name for DataWindow and indicator subwindow labelIndicatorSetString(INDICATOR_SHORTNAME,"RSI("+string(ExtPeriodRSI)+")");}
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
//| Relative Strength Index |
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
int OnCalculate(const int rates_total,const int prev_calculated,const int begin,const double &price[]){if(rates_total<=ExtPeriodRSI)return(0);
//--- preliminary calculationsint pos=prev_calculated-1;if(pos<=ExtPeriodRSI){double sum_pos=0.0;double sum_neg=0.0;//--- first RSIPeriod values of the indicator are not calculatedExtRSIBuffer[0]=0.0;ExtPosBuffer[0]=0.0;ExtNegBuffer[0]=0.0;for(int i=1; i<=ExtPeriodRSI; i++){ExtRSIBuffer[i]=0.0;ExtPosBuffer[i]=0.0;ExtNegBuffer[i]=0.0;double diff=price[i]-price[i-1];sum_pos+=(diff>0?diff:0);sum_neg+=(diff<0?-diff:0);}//--- calculate first visible valueExtPosBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]=sum_pos/ExtPeriodRSI;ExtNegBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]=sum_neg/ExtPeriodRSI;if(ExtNegBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]!=0.0)ExtRSIBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]=100.0-(100.0/(1.0+ExtPosBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]/ExtNegBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]));else{if(ExtPosBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]!=0.0)ExtRSIBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]=100.0;elseExtRSIBuffer[ExtPeriodRSI]=50.0;}//--- prepare the position value for main calculationpos=ExtPeriodRSI+1;}
//--- the main loop of calculationsfor(int i=pos; i<rates_total && !IsStopped(); i++){double diff=price[i]-price[i-1];ExtPosBuffer[i]=(ExtPosBuffer[i-1]*(ExtPeriodRSI-1)+(diff>0.0?diff:0.0))/ExtPeriodRSI;ExtNegBuffer[i]=(ExtNegBuffer[i-1]*(ExtPeriodRSI-1)+(diff<0.0?-diff:0.0))/ExtPeriodRSI;if(ExtNegBuffer[i]!=0.0)ExtRSIBuffer[i]=100.0-100.0/(1+ExtPosBuffer[i]/ExtNegBuffer[i]);else{if(ExtPosBuffer[i]!=0.0)ExtRSIBuffer[i]=100.0;elseExtRSIBuffer[i]=50.0;}}
//--- OnCalculate done. Return new prev_calculated.return(rates_total);}
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
嗯,这个代码量有点大,看起来挺头晕的,不过好在只有两个函数,一个为void OnInit(), 看起来像是初始化的地方,一个为int OnCalculate()看起来就是指标计算的地方。
首先要明确我们想针对RSI搞清楚几样:怎样画线,数据从哪里来,怎样显示计算的指标值。这几个搞清楚了,再学其它的应该就很容易了。
首先看:
int OnCalculate(const int rates_total,
const int prev_calculated,
const int begin,
const double &price[])
{
PrintFormat("rates_total=%d, prev_calculated=%d, begin=%d, price[%d]=%f",
rates_total,prev_calculated, begin, rates_total-1, price[rates_total-1]);
很明显,rates_total表示为K线总数量,price[rates_total-1])表示的为最后一根K线的收盘价
查看RSI定义,整理出公式如下:
//+------------------------------------------------------------------+//| Relative Strength Index |// 设每天向上变动为U,向下变动为D。// 在价格上升的日子:// U = 是日收市价 - 昨日收市价;D = 0// 在价格下跌的日子:// U = 0;D = 昨日收市价 - 是日收市价// 任何情况下,U及D皆不可能为负数;若两天价格相同,则U及D皆等于零。)// RS=EMA(U, n)/EMA(D, n)// RSI=(100-100/(1+RS))//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
由此可见ExtRSIBuffer即为计算所得的RSI值
不过一直没搞清楚指标是怎么画出来的,即圈中所标的蓝线:
虽然颜色是由#property indicator_color1 C'45,30,255'进行改变弄清楚了,看来得研究一下macd,那个画的多一些才能搞明折