Wakeup Source 为系统组件提供了投票机制,以便低功耗子系统判断当前是否可以进入休眠。
Wakeup Source(后简称:WS) 模块可与内核中的其他模块或者上层服务交互,并最终体现在对睡眠锁的控制上。
1. 模块功能说明
WS的处理逻辑基本上是围绕 combined_event_count 变量展开的,这个变量高16位记录系统已处理的所有的唤醒事件总数,低16位记录在处理中的唤醒事件总数。每次持锁时,处理中的唤醒事件记录(低16位)会加1;每次释放锁时,处理中的唤醒事件记录(低16位)会减1,同时已处理的唤醒事件记录(高16位)会加1。
对于每次系统能否进入休眠,通过判断是否有正在处理中的唤醒事件(低16位)来决定。该模块实现主要的功能:
-
持锁和释放锁
-
注册和注销锁
-
查询激活状态锁个数
2. 主要数据结构
2.1 wakeup_source 结构体
@include/linux/pm_wakeup.h
/*** struct wakeup_source - Representation of wakeup sources** @name: Name of the wakeup source* @id: Wakeup source id* @entry: Wakeup source list entry* @lock: Wakeup source lock* @wakeirq: Optional device specific wakeirq* @timer: Wakeup timer list* @timer_expires: Wakeup timer expiration* @total_time: Total time this wakeup source has been active.* @max_time: Maximum time this wakeup source has been continuously active.* @last_time: Monotonic clock when the wakeup source's was touched last time.* @prevent_sleep_time: Total time this source has been preventing autosleep.* @event_count: Number of signaled wakeup events.* @active_count: Number of times the wakeup source was activated.* @relax_count: Number of times the wakeup source was deactivated.* @expire_count: Number of times the wakeup source's timeout has expired.* @wakeup_count: Number of times the wakeup source might abort suspend.* @dev: Struct device for sysfs statistics about the wakeup source.* @active: Status of the wakeup source.* @autosleep_enabled: Autosleep is active, so update @prevent_sleep_time.*/
struct wakeup_source {const char *name; //ws 名称int id; //WS系统给本ws分配的IDstruct list_head entry; //用于把本ws节点维护到WS系统的全局链表中spinlock_t lock;struct wake_irq *wakeirq; //与本ws节点绑定的唤醒中断相关的结构体,用户可自行把指定中断与ws绑定struct timer_list timer; //超时锁使用,如定义本ws为超时锁,指定在一定时间后释放锁unsigned long timer_expires;//超时锁超时时间ktime_t total_time; //本ws激活的总时长ktime_t max_time; //在ws激活历史中,最长一次的激活时间ktime_t last_time; //最后一次访问本ws的时间ktime_t start_prevent_time; //本ws最近一次阻止autosleep进入休眠的时间戳ktime_t prevent_sleep_time; //因本ws导致的阻止autosleep进入休眠的总时间unsigned long event_count; //事件次数,本ws被持锁(不考虑是否已持锁),则加1并作记录unsigned long active_count;//激活次数,本ws仅在首次持锁(激活)时加1(已持锁则不加1,锁释放后再次持锁则加1)unsigned long relax_count; //释放次数,与 active_count 相对unsigned long expire_count; //超时锁超时次数unsigned long wakeup_count; //与event_count一样,但受events_check_enabled 使能标记控制struct device *dev; //与本ws绑定的设备bool active:1; //标记是否处于激活状态bool autosleep_enabled:1; //标记是否使能autosleep
};
2.2 核心变量
2.2.1 combined_event_count 变量
static atomic_t combined_event_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
该变量是1个组合计数变量,高16位记录唤醒事件的总数,低16位记录正在处理中的唤醒事件的总数。系统根据低16位(正在处理中的唤醒事件)来判断是否可以进入休眠。
2.2.2 wakeup_sources 变量
static LIST_HEAD(wakeup_sources);
所有通过调用 wakeup_source_register()
注册的ws全部维护在此链表中,以便系统进行维护。
2.3 主要函数分析
Wakeup Source 对外提供的主要接口:
-
wakeup_source_register()
与wakeup_source_unregister()
分别用于注册与注销一个ws -
__pm_stay_awake()
与__pm_relax()
,针对ws类型对象提供持锁与释放锁接口 -
(
device_set_wakeup_capable()
+device_wakeup_enable()
/device_wakeup_disable()
/device_set_wakeup_enable()
)/device_init_wakeup()
给设备配置是否支持唤醒以及注册/注销ws的接口 -
pm_stay_awake()
与pm_relax()
,针对device类型对象提供持锁与释放锁接口
2.3.1 wakeup_source_register()/wakeup_source_unregister() 接口
wakeup_source_register()
函数为dev设备创建ws,并将创建的ws添加到全局链表wakeup_sources
中,方便后续维护,并在sysfs系统中创建节点/sys/class/wakeup/wakeup<id>/
,便于获取ws相关信息。
@drivers/base/power/wakeup.c
/*** wakeup_source_register - Create wakeup source and add it to the list.* @dev: Device this wakeup source is associated with (or NULL if virtual).* @name: Name of the wakeup source to register.*/
struct wakeup_source *wakeup_source_register(struct device *dev,const char *name)
{struct wakeup_source *ws;int ret;ws = wakeup_source_create(name); //分配内存,设置ws的name和idif (ws) {if (!dev || device_is_registered(dev)) {//在sysfs下为该ws创建dev, /sys/class/wakeup/wakeup<id>/ret = wakeup_source_sysfs_add(dev, ws);if (ret) {wakeup_source_free(ws);return NULL;}}wakeup_source_add(ws); //设置超时回调函数并将ws添加到wakeup_sources链表}return ws;
}
@drivers/base/power/wakeup_stats.c
static struct device *wakeup_source_device_create(struct device *parent,struct wakeup_source *ws)
{struct device *dev = NULL;int retval = -ENODEV;dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);device_initialize(dev);dev->devt = MKDEV(0, 0);dev->class = wakeup_class; //ws dev挂于wakeup类dev->parent = parent;dev->groups = wakeup_source_groups;dev->release = device_create_release;dev_set_drvdata(dev, ws);device_set_pm_not_required(dev);retval = kobject_set_name(&dev->kobj, "wakeup%d", ws->id);retval = device_add(dev);return dev;
}
//ws dev存在的属性: /sys/class/wakeup/wakeup<id>/
static struct attribute *wakeup_source_attrs[] = {&dev_attr_name.attr, //RO, ws 名称&dev_attr_active_count.attr, //RO, 激活次数&dev_attr_event_count.attr, //RO, 持锁次数&dev_attr_wakeup_count.attr, //RO, 同event_count,但受events_check_enabled使能标记&dev_attr_expire_count.attr, //RO, 超时次数&dev_attr_active_time_ms.attr, //RO, 如当前处于激活状态,显示已激活时间&dev_attr_total_time_ms.attr, //RO, 总激活时间&dev_attr_max_time_ms.attr, //RO, 最长激活时间&dev_attr_last_change_ms.attr, //RO, 最近一次激活时的时间戳&dev_attr_prevent_suspend_time_ms.attr, //RO, 阻止autosleep进入休眠的总时间NULL,
};
ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(wakeup_source);
wakeup_source_unregister()
接口删除了已注册的ws,移除了sysfs系统中的节点并释放占用的系统资源。
@drivers/base/power/wakeup.c
void wakeup_source_unregister(struct wakeup_source *ws)
{if (ws) {wakeup_source_remove(ws); //从wakeup_sources队列移除并删除其定时器if (ws->dev)wakeup_source_sysfs_remove(ws);//移除该ws在sysfs系统中的信息wakeup_source_destroy(ws);}
}
void wakeup_source_destroy(struct wakeup_source *ws)
{__pm_relax(ws); //释放该wswakeup_source_record(ws);//如果该ws被持锁过,则将其记录叠加到deleted_ws这个ws上wakeup_source_free(ws);//释放内存资源
}static struct wakeup_source deleted_ws = {//用于保存已移除ws的记录.name = "deleted",.lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(deleted_ws.lock),
};static void wakeup_source_record(struct wakeup_source *ws)
{unsigned long flags;spin_lock_irqsave(&deleted_ws.lock, flags);if (ws->event_count) {//如果该ws被持锁过,则将记录都叠加到deleted_ws这个ws上deleted_ws.total_time =ktime_add(deleted_ws.total_time, ws->total_time);deleted_ws.prevent_sleep_time =ktime_add(deleted_ws.prevent_sleep_time,ws->prevent_sleep_time);deleted_ws.max_time =ktime_compare(deleted_ws.max_time, ws->max_time) > 0 ?deleted_ws.max_time : ws->max_time;deleted_ws.event_count += ws->event_count;deleted_ws.active_count += ws->active_count;deleted_ws.relax_count += ws->relax_count;deleted_ws.expire_count += ws->expire_count;deleted_ws.wakeup_count += ws->wakeup_count;}spin_unlock_irqrestore(&deleted_ws.lock, flags);
}
2.3.2 __pm_stay_awake()/__pm_relax() 接口
__pm_stay_awake()
用于上锁ws来阻止系统休眠。
@drivers/base/power/wakeup.c
void __pm_stay_awake(struct wakeup_source *ws)
{unsigned long flags;if (!ws)return;spin_lock_irqsave(&ws->lock, flags);wakeup_source_report_event(ws, false);//纪录该ws的信息del_timer(&ws->timer);ws->timer_expires = 0;spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ws->lock, flags);
}
static void wakeup_source_report_event(struct wakeup_source *ws, bool hard)
{ws->event_count++; //持锁次数加1/* This is racy, but the counter is approximate anyway. */if (events_check_enabled)ws->wakeup_count++;if (!ws->active) //ws还未激活情况下,激活wswakeup_source_activate(ws);if (hard) //如果需要,可以强制阻止系统休眠pm_system_wakeup();
}
static void wakeup_source_activate(struct wakeup_source *ws)
{unsigned int cec;if (WARN_ONCE(wakeup_source_not_registered(ws),"unregistered wakeup source\n"))return;ws->active = true;ws->active_count++; //激活次数加1ws->last_time = ktime_get(); //纪录最后操作该锁的时间戳if (ws->autosleep_enabled) //如果autosleep已使能,则记录该ws阻止休眠时时间戳ws->start_prevent_time = ws->last_time;/* Increment the counter of events in progress. */cec = atomic_inc_return(&combined_event_count); //combined_event_count低16位加1trace_wakeup_source_activate(ws->name, cec);
}
__pm_relax()
用于将持有的睡眠锁释放掉,并在检测到combined_event_count
低16位为0(表示当前没有在处理的ws)时会触发wakeup_count_wait_queue
等待队列运行,如果工作队列满足睡眠条件,则继续进入睡眠流程,该机制是通过pm_get_wakeup_count()
接口与autosleep配合使用的
@drivers/base/power/wakeup.c
void __pm_relax(struct wakeup_source *ws)
{unsigned long flags;if (!ws)return;spin_lock_irqsave(&ws->lock, flags);if (ws->active) //如果ws已激活,则去激活该wswakeup_source_deactivate(ws);spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ws->lock, flags);
}static void wakeup_source_deactivate(struct wakeup_source *ws)
{unsigned int cnt, inpr, cec;ktime_t duration;ktime_t now;ws->relax_count++; //释放次数加1/** __pm_relax() may be called directly or from a timer function.* If it is called directly right after the timer function has been* started, but before the timer function calls __pm_relax(), it is* possible that __pm_stay_awake() will be called in the meantime and* will set ws->active. Then, ws->active may be cleared immediately* by the __pm_relax() called from the timer function, but in such a* case ws->relax_count will be different from ws->active_count.*/if (ws->relax_count != ws->active_count) {ws->relax_count--; //未解决定时锁与主动调用释放锁并发操作时出现冲突做的处理return;}ws->active = false;now = ktime_get();duration = ktime_sub(now, ws->last_time);ws->total_time = ktime_add(ws->total_time, duration); //叠加总的持锁时间if (ktime_to_ns(duration) > ktime_to_ns(ws->max_time))ws->max_time = duration; //更新最长持锁时间ws->last_time = now; //纪录最后操作该锁的时间戳del_timer(&ws->timer);ws->timer_expires = 0;if (ws->autosleep_enabled)//如果autosleep已使能,更新该ws阻止系统休眠的时长update_prevent_sleep_time(ws, now);/** Increment the counter of registered wakeup events and decrement the* couter of wakeup events in progress simultaneously.*/cec = atomic_add_return(MAX_IN_PROGRESS, &combined_event_count);//combined_event_count高16位加1trace_wakeup_source_deactivate(ws->name, cec);split_counters(&cnt, &inpr);//拆分出combined_event_count高16位和低16位if (!inpr && waitqueue_active(&wakeup_count_wait_queue))//如果该ws已经无正在处理的唤醒事件,则通知PM corewake_up(&wakeup_count_wait_queue);
}
注:同个ws连续使用多次__pm_stay_awake()
或__pm_relax()
只会增加/减少一次combined_event_count
低16位(表示正在处理中的事件总数),只要__pm_relax()
被调用就会释放锁。
2.3.3 pm_get_wakeup_count()
接口
该函数主要是获取已处理的wakeup event数量(combined_event_count
高16位)与正在处理的wakeup event数量是否为0(combined_event_count
低16位)。
bool pm_get_wakeup_count(unsigned int *count, bool block)
{unsigned int cnt, inpr;if (block) { DEFINE_WAIT(wait); //定义名为wait的等待队列入口for (;;) {prepare_to_wait(&wakeup_count_wait_queue, &wait,TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE); //准备 wakeup_count_wait_queue 等待队列split_counters(&cnt, &inpr);if (inpr == 0 || signal_pending(current))break;pm_print_active_wakeup_sources();schedule(); //调度到其他线程}//__pm_relax() 里wake_up(&wakeup_count_wait_queue);会触发调度到此处finish_wait(&wakeup_count_wait_queue, &wait);}split_counters(&cnt, &inpr);*count = cnt;return !inpr; //返回0表示有待处理事件,返回1表示无待处理事件
}
1.如果入参
block
为0,则仅仅对入参count
赋值当前已处理的wakeup event总数,并返回当前是否有待处理wakeup event(返回0表示有待处理事件,返回1表示无待处理事件)。2.如果入参block
为1,则需要一直等到待处理事件为0(combined_event_count
低16位为0)或者当前挂起进程有事件需要处理时才退出。该处理分支的wait
等待队列会在__pm_relax()
满足睡眠条件时触发调度运行,即finish_wait()
.
2.3.4 pm_wakeup_pending() 接口
该函数的功能是确认当前是否满足休眠条件,返回true表示可以休眠,false表示不可休眠。
bool pm_wakeup_pending(void)
{unsigned long flags;bool ret = false;raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&events_lock, flags);if (events_check_enabled) {unsigned int cnt, inpr;split_counters(&cnt, &inpr);ret = (cnt != saved_count || inpr > 0);events_check_enabled = !ret;}raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&events_lock, flags);if (ret) {pm_pr_dbg("Wakeup pending, aborting suspend\n");pm_print_active_wakeup_sources();}return ret || atomic_read(&pm_abort_suspend) > 0;
}
判断允许休眠的依据:1.已处理的wakeup event数量与已记录的数量(saved_count)一致,且2.待处理的wakeup event数量为0,且3.原子量pm_abort_suspend
为0(该值大于0表示睡眠流程中出现了唤醒中断或事件,唤醒事件通过调用pm_system_wakeup()
来给pm_abort_suspend
加1操作。)
2.3.5 device与wakeup_source关联处理的接口
kernel抽象出的device数据结构存放着power manager相关的信息,其中就存放着wakeup source数据结构,如下:
//代码格式错误,仅为呈现数据结构,请忽略格式。
struct device {// @power: For device power management.struct dev_pm_info power {unsigned int can_wakeup:1; //需置1才允许使用wakeup sourcestruct wakeup_source *wakeup; };
};
wakeup source框架中为此提供了大量相关的接口直接操作某个dev的ws,接口如下:
-
int device_wakeup_enable(struct device *dev)
:注册设备的wakeup source1.以dev名注册个ws,并指定该ws dev的parent为当前dev2.将注册的ws关联到dev->power.wakeup,如果存在wakeirq,也会一起绑定到该ws上。 -
int device_wakeup_disable(struct device *dev)
:注销设备的wakeup source1.取消已注册的ws与dev->power.wakeup的关联2.注销ws -
void device_set_wakeup_capable(struct device *dev, bool capable)
:设置设备是否支持wakeup source1.设置dev->power.can_wakeup2.如果设备支持wakeup,则为其创建属性文件(位于/sys/devices/<dev_name>/power/下);如果设备不支持wakeup,则不会移除相关属性文件。
static struct attribute *wakeup_attrs[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP&dev_attr_wakeup.attr, //RW,可写入enabled/disabled动态配置是否支持wakeup&dev_attr_wakeup_count.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的wakeup_count&dev_attr_wakeup_active_count.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的active_count&dev_attr_wakeup_abort_count.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的wakeup_count&dev_attr_wakeup_expire_count.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的expire_count&dev_attr_wakeup_active.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的active状态&dev_attr_wakeup_total_time_ms.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的total_time&dev_attr_wakeup_max_time_ms.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的max_time&dev_attr_wakeup_last_time_ms.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的last_time
#ifdef CONFIG_PM_AUTOSLEEP&dev_attr_wakeup_prevent_sleep_time_ms.attr, //RO, 读取该dev ws的prevent_sleep_time
#endif
#endifNULL,
};
-
int device_init_wakeup(struct device *dev, bool enable)
:一步到位直接配置是否支持wakeup并且注册/注销ws
int device_init_wakeup(struct device *dev, bool enable)
{int ret = 0;if (enable) {device_set_wakeup_capable(dev, true);ret = device_wakeup_enable(dev);} else {device_wakeup_disable(dev);device_set_wakeup_capable(dev, false); }return ret;
}
-
int device_set_wakeup_enable(struct device *dev, bool enable)
:设置设备是否能通过ws唤醒系统,注册/注销ws
int device_set_wakeup_enable(struct device *dev, bool enable)
{return enable ? device_wakeup_enable(dev) : device_wakeup_disable(dev);
}
-
void pm_stay_awake(struct device *dev)
:持锁设备的ws,不让设备休眠,实际是调用__pm_stay_awake(dev->power.wakeup);
实现 -
void pm_relax(struct device *dev)
:释放设备的ws,允许设备休眠,实际是调用__pm_relax(dev->power.wakeup);
实现
总结:1.
device_set_wakeup_capable()
用于设置是否支持wakeup,并提供属性节点,便于调试2.device_wakeup_enable()
/device_wakeup_disable()
/device_set_wakeup_enable()
主要是注册/注销设备ws,需在device_set_wakeup_capable()
为enabled的前提下才能使用。3.device_init_wakeup()
通常使用在默认支持wakeup的device上,在probe/remove时分别enable/disable。4.pm_stay_awake()
/pm_relax()
主要是持有/释放ws锁,阻止/允许系统休眠
3. 主要工作时序
1)device或者其他需要上锁的模块调用device_init_wakeup()
/wakeup_source_register()
来注册ws2)在处理业务时,为了防止系统进入睡眠流程,设备或模块可以通过调用pm_stay_awake()
/__pm_stay_awake()
来持锁ws阻止休眠3)当业务处理完成后,设备或模块可以调用pm_relax()
/__pm_relax()
来释放ws允许系统休眠4)在__pm_relax()
释放锁时,会检查当前是否有正在处理的持锁事件,如果没有,则触发wakeup_count_wait_queue
5)wakeup_count_wait_queue
所在的pm_get_wakeup_count()
接口会返回到autosleep的工作队列中继续走休眠流程
4. 调试节点
-
获取所有wakeup source信息节点:
cat /d/wakeup_sources
列出所有wakeup_source当前的信息,包括:name,active_count,event_count,wakeup_count,expire_count,active_since,total_time,max_time,last_change,prevent_suspend_time。注:代码实现在@drivers/base/power/wakeup.c -
从wakeup类下获取某个ws的信息:
/sys/class/wakeup/wakeup<id>/
wakeup类下汇总了所有已注册的ws,该节点下存在属性:name, active_count, event_count, wakeup_count,expire_count, active_time_ms, total_time_ms, max_time_ms, last_change_ms, prevent_suspend_time_ms。注:代码实现在@drivers/base/power/wakeup_stats.c -
从device节点下获取该设备的ws信息:
/sys/devices/<dev_name>/power/
该节点存在如下属性信息:wakeup(是否支持唤醒),wakeup_count, wakeup_active_count, wakeup_abort_count, wakeup_expire_count, wakeup_active, wakeup_total_time_ms, max_time_ms, last_time_ms, prevent_sleep_time_ms。注:代码实现在@drivers/base/power/sysfs.c
注:本文是基于内核kernel-5.10展开。上述分析基于32位系统,若是64位系统,则combined_event_count会被拆分成2个32位分别来纪录唤醒事件的总数和正在处理中的唤醒事件的总数
文章转载自:Jayfan_Ma
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/jiafan-ma/p/18200874
体验地址:引迈 - JNPF快速开发平台_低代码开发平台_零代码开发平台_流程设计器_表单引擎_工作流引擎_软件架构