@TOC
问题背景
从零开始学springcloud微服务项目
注意事项:
- 约定 > 配置 > 编码
- IDEA版本2021.1
- 这个项目,我分了很多篇章,每篇文章一个操作步骤,目的是显得更简单明了
- controller调service,service调dao
- 默认安装nginx
- 项目源码以及sentinel安装包
sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback
1 新建两个payment微服务module
2 选择jdk1.8
3 输入服务名:cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003 和 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004
4 引入pom依赖,cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003 和 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004两个服务名不同
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud2022</artifactId><groupId>com.yg</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId><dependencies><!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity --><groupId>com.yg</groupId><artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId><version>${project.version}</version></dependency><!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><!--日常通用jar包配置--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>
5 添加application.yml文件,cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003 和 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004端口不同
server:port: 9003spring:application:name: nacos-payment-providercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'
6 添加启动类,cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003 和 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9004类名不同
package com.yg.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:33* @Version 2.0*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003 {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);}}
7 添加controller
package com.yg.springcloud.controller;import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.HashMap;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:35* @Version 2.0*/
@RestController
public class PaymentController {@Value("${server.port}")private String serverPort;public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();static {hashMap.put(1L, new Payment(1L, "28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));hashMap.put(2L, new Payment(2L, "bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));hashMap.put(3L, new Payment(3L, "6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));}@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200, "from mysql,serverPort: " + serverPort, payment);return result;}
}
8 创建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84微服务,pom依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud2022</artifactId><groupId>com.yg</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId><dependencies><!--SpringCloud openfeign --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId></dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity --><dependency><groupId>com.yg</groupId><artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId><version>${project.version}</version></dependency><!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><!--日常通用jar包配置--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>
9 添加application.yml文件
server:port: 84spring:application:name: nacos-order-consumercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: localhost:8848sentinel:transport:#配置Sentinel dashboard地址dashboard: localhost:8080#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口port: 8719#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider# 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
feign:sentinel:enabled: true
10 添加启动类
package com.yg.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:38* @Version 2.0*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderNacosMain84 {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);}}
11 添加payment接口和实现类
package com.yg.springcloud.service;import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yg.springcloud.service.impl.PaymentFallbackService;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:45* @Version 2.0*/
@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider", fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)//调用中关闭9003服务提供者
public interface PaymentService {@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);}
package com.yg.springcloud.service.impl;import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yg.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:45* @Version 2.0*/
@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService {@Overridepublic CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id){return new CommonResult<>(444,"服务降级返回,没有该流水信息",new Payment(id, "errorSerial......"));}}
12 添加配置类
package com.yg.springcloud.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:39* @Version 2.0*/@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {@Bean@LoadBalancedpublic RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){return new RestTemplate();}}
13 添加controller
package com.yg.springcloud.controller;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yg.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;/*** @Author suolong* @Date 2022/6/22 11:40* @Version 2.0*/
@RestController
public class CircleBreakerController {public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";@Resourceprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")@SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback负责业务异常public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/" + id, CommonResult.class, id);if (id == 4) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");} else if (result.getData() == null) {throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");}return result;}public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id, Throwable e) {Payment payment = new Payment(id, "null");return new CommonResult<>(444, "兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容 " + e.getMessage(), payment);}//==================OpenFeign@Resourceprivate PaymentService paymentService;@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/openfeign/{id}")public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {if (id == 4) {throw new RuntimeException("没有该id");}return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);}}
14 只有fallback配置说明
15 只配置blockHandler说明
16 fallback和blockHandler都配置
若 blockHandler 和 fallback 都进行了配置,则被限流降级而抛出 BlockException 时只会进入 blockHandler 处理逻辑
17 忽略属性
18 熔断框架对比
持久化
1 更改cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401的pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springcloud2022</artifactId><groupId>com.yg</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId><dependencies><!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId><artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId></dependency><dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity --><groupId>com.yg</groupId><artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId><version>${project.version}</version></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续做持久化用到--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId><artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId></dependency><!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId></dependency><!--openfeign--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId></dependency><!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件+actuator --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><!--日常通用jar包配置--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>cn.hutool</groupId><artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId><version>4.6.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies></project>
2 更改application
server:port: 8401spring:application:name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-servicecloud:nacos:discovery:#Nacos服务注册中心地址server-addr: ${REGISTER_HOST:10.10.196.247}:${REGISTER_PORT:8848} #配置Nacos地址sentinel:transport:#配置Sentinel dashboard地址dashboard: localhost:8080#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口port: 8719datasource:ds1:nacos:server-addr: ${REGISTER_HOST:10.10.196.247}:${REGISTER_PORT:8848}dataId: cloudalibaba-sentinel-servicegroupId: DEFAULT_GROUPdata-type: jsonrule-type: flowmanagement:endpoints:web:exposure:include: '*'
3 在nacos上添加配置文件
[{"resource": "/rateLimit/byUrl","limitApp": "default","grade": 1,"count": 1,"strategy": 0,"controlBehavior": 0,"clusterMode": false}
]
resource:资源名称;
limitApp:来源应用;
grade:阈值类型,0表示线程数,1表示QPS;
count:单机阈值;
strategy:流控模式,0表示直接,1表示关联,2表示链路;
controlBehavior:流控效果,0表示快速失败,1表示Warm Up,2表示排队等待;
clusterMode:是否集群
4 启动8401后刷新sentinel发现业务规则有了
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,Seata处理分布式事务(二十五)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,sentinel服务熔断功能(二十四)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,sentinel注解@SentinelResource的基本使用(二十三)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,sentinel热点key限流与系统规则的基本使用(二十二)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,sentinel熔断降级和限流的基本使用(二十一)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,Nacos集群和Nginx代理(二十)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,nacos配置中心的基本使用(十九)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,nacos注册中心的基本使用(十八)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,gateway通过微服务名实现动态路由(十七)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,gateway的基本使用(十六)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,Ribbon负载均衡工具与OpenFeign的使用(十五)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,使用Zookeeper替换Eureka服务注册与发现(十四)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,服务发现Discovery和Eureka自我保护(十三)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,集群cloud-provider-payment8002搭建(十二)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,集群Eureka服务注册中心cloud-eureka-server7002搭建(十一)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,单机Eureka服务注册中心cloud-eureka-server7001搭建(十)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,新建cloud-api-commons公共模块module(九)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,新建子module消费者订单模块(八)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,热部署devtools配置(七)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,子module提供者支付微服务业务开发(六)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,新建子module提供者支付微服务yml整合和新建启动类(五)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,新建子module提供者支付微服务pom整合(四)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,springcloud父工程pom文件整理(三)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,IDEA新建springcloud父工程(二)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,与Spingboot之间的兼容版本选择(一)
作为程序员第 191 篇文章,每次写一句歌词记录一下,看看人生有几首歌的时间,wahahaha ...
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