SSE

<template><div><h1>实时消息</h1><ul><li v-for="(msg, index) in messages" :key="index">{{ msg }}</li></ul></div>
</template><script setup>
import { ref, onMounted, onUnmounted } from 'vue';const messages = ref([]);  // 存储接收到的消息
let eventSource;onMounted(() => {// 创建 SSE 连接eventSource = new EventSource('https://example.com/sse-endpoint');// 监听消息事件eventSource.onmessage = (event) => {messages.value.push(event.data);  // 将新消息推入列表};// 监听错误事件eventSource.onerror = (error) => {console.error('SSE 连接错误:', error);eventSource.close();  // 出现错误时可以选择关闭连接};
});onUnmounted(() => {// 组件卸载时关闭 SSE 连接if (eventSource) {eventSource.close();}
});
</script>

WebSocket

<template><div><h1>实时聊天</h1><input v-model="newMessage" @keydown.enter="sendMessage" placeholder="输入消息" /><ul><li v-for="(msg, index) in messages" :key="index">{{ msg }}</li></ul></div>
</template><script setup>
import { ref, onMounted, onUnmounted } from 'vue';const messages = ref([]);    // 存储接收到的消息
const newMessage = ref('');   // 存储输入框的消息内容
let socket;onMounted(() => {// 创建 WebSocket 连接socket = new WebSocket('wss://example.com/socket-endpoint');// 监听消息事件socket.onmessage = (event) => {messages.value.push(event.data);  // 将接收到的消息添加到列表中};// 监听错误事件socket.onerror = (error) => {console.error('WebSocket 错误:', error);};// 监听 WebSocket 连接关闭socket.onclose = () => {console.log('WebSocket 连接已关闭');};
});onUnmounted(() => {// 组件卸载时关闭 WebSocket 连接if (socket) {socket.close();}
});// 发送消息
const sendMessage = () => {if (newMessage.value) {socket.send(newMessage.value);  // 发送消息到服务器newMessage.value = '';  // 清空输入框}
};
</script>

MQTT

// src/mqttService.js
import mqtt from 'mqtt';let client;export const connectMQTT = () => {client = mqtt.connect('wss://broker.hivemq.com:8000/mqtt');  // 替换为你的 MQTT 代理地址client.on('connect', () => {console.log('MQTT connected');client.subscribe('test/topic', (err) => {if (!err) {console.log('Subscribed to test/topic');}});});client.on('message', (topic, message) => {console.log(`Received message: ${message.toString()} from topic: ${topic}`);});
};export const publishMessage = (topic, message) => {if (client && client.connected) {client.publish(topic, message);console.log(`Message sent: ${message} to topic: ${topic}`);}
};export const disconnectMQTT = () => {if (client) {client.end();console.log('MQTT disconnected');}
};

<template><div><h1>Vue 3 with MQTT</h1><button @click="sendMessage">Send Message</button><p>Message: {{ receivedMessage }}</p></div>
</template><script setup>
import { ref, onMounted, onBeforeUnmount } from 'vue';
import { connectMQTT, publishMessage, disconnectMQTT } from './mqttService';const receivedMessage = ref('');const sendMessage = () => {publishMessage('test/topic', 'Hello from Vue 3!');
};onMounted(() => {connectMQTT();
});onBeforeUnmount(() => {disconnectMQTT();
});// 订阅消息并更新界面
import { watchEffect } from 'vue';
watchEffect(() => {// 这里可以根据接收到的消息更新UI// 对接收到的消息进行处理receivedMessage.value = 'Waiting for messages...';
});
</script><style scoped>
button {padding: 10px;font-size: 16px;margin-top: 20px;
}
</style>