Python写一个爱心

项目代码：

import random
from math import sin, cos, pi, log
from tkinter import *# 定义窗口的大小
CANVAS_WIDTH = 640
CANVAS_HEIGHT = 480
CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2
CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2
IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11
# 定义爱心的颜色
HEART_COLOR = "pink"def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio: float = IMAGE_ENLARGE):x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3)y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t))x *= shrink_ratioy *= shrink_ratiox += CANVAS_CENTER_Xy += CANVAS_CENTER_Yreturn int(x), int(y)def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15):ratio_x = - beta * log(random.random())ratio_y = - beta * log(random.random())dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)return x - dx, y - dydef shrink(x, y, ratio):force = -1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.6)  # 这个参数...dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)return x - dx, y - dydef curve(p):return 2 * (2 * sin(4 * p)) / (2 * pi)# 定义了一个名为Heart的类，其中包括了一些函数和变量
class Heart:# 在`__init__`函数中，首先定义了原始爱心坐标集合（`self._points`）、# 边缘扩散效果点坐标集合（`self._edge_diffusion_points`）、# 中心扩散效果点坐标集合（`self._center_diffusion_points`）# 以及每帧动态点坐标的集合（`self.all_points`）def __init__(self, generate_frame=20):self._points = set()  # 原始爱心坐标集合self._edge_diffusion_points = set()  # 边缘扩散效果点坐标集合self._center_diffusion_points = set()  # 中心扩散效果点坐标集合self.all_points = {}  # 每帧动态点坐标# 然后调用了`build`函数生成原始爱心的坐标集合、边缘扩散效果点坐标集合和中心扩散效果点坐标集合self.build(2000)self.random_halo = 1000self.generate_frame = generate_framefor frame in range(generate_frame):self.calc(frame)# 在`build`函数中，首先生成了一定量的原始爱心坐标，并将其加入`self._points`集合中def build(self, number):for _ in range(number):t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)x, y = heart_function(t)self._points.add((x, y))# 然后对于每一个原始爱心坐标，随机生成三个偏移量，# 通过`scatter_inside`函数将其加入到边缘扩散效果点坐标集合中for _x, _y in list(self._points):for _ in range(3):x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, 0.05)self._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y))point_list = list(self._points)for _ in range(4000):x, y = random.choice(point_list)x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, 0.17)self._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y))# 在`calc_position`函数中，# 根据当前点和心形的位置计算出力的大小与方向，并根据这个大小与方向随机移动一些距离。@staticmethoddef calc_position(x, y, ratio):force = 1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.520)  # 魔法参数dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-1, 1)dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-1, 1)return x - dx, y - dy# 函数`calc`中，定义了半径的缩放比例、光晕的半径和数量，并生成了一定量的光晕点并将其加入到`self.all_points`中，# 然后，针对每一个点集合，通过调用`calc_position`函数计算其移动后的坐标，将其加入到`all_points`中def calc(self, generate_frame):ratio = 10 * curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)  # 圆滑的周期的缩放比例halo_radius = int(4 + 6 * (1 + curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)))halo_number = int(3000 + 4000 * abs(curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) ** 2))all_points = []heart_halo_point = set()for _ in range(halo_number):t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=11.6)x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius)if (x, y) not in heart_halo_point:heart_halo_point.add((x, y))x += random.randint(-14, 14)y += random.randint(-14, 14)size = random.choice((1, 2, 2))all_points.append((x, y, size))for x, y in self._points:x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)size = random.randint(1, 3)all_points.append((x, y, size))for x, y in self._edge_diffusion_points:x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)size = random.randint(1, 2)all_points.append((x, y, size))for x, y in self._center_diffusion_points:x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)size = random.randint(1, 2)all_points.append((x, y, size))self.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points# 在`render`函数中，将所有点集合中的点在画布上绘制出来。def render(self, render_canvas, render_frame):for x, y, size in self.all_points[render_frame % self.generate_frame]:render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=0, fill=HEART_COLOR)# 通过`draw`函数不停地在画布上绘制出变化的爱心，实现了动态爱心的效果。
def draw(main: Tk, render_canvas: Canvas, render_heart: Heart, render_frame=0):render_canvas.delete('all')render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame)main.after(160, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + 1)if __name__ == '__main__':root = Tk()  # 一个Tkcanvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH)canvas.pack()# 创建爱心的对象heart = Heart()# 调用绘制爱心的方法draw(root, canvas, heart)root.mainloop()

效果图如下：