基于 Containerd 搭建 Kubernetes 1.28.0 版本集群

主要操作步骤:

1、初始化 OS

2、对OS进行集群配置初始化

3、确定 部署机器与待安装机器

4、安装并配置 Containerd

5、安装 Kubernetes工具集

6、初始化全部的 master节点

7、安装 Kubernetes网络插件

8、将slave节点加入到集群中

*************************************************************************************************************

主机规格:

集群内的角色成员

Step 1   为集群内的主机配置 SSH 授权认证登录

参考命令

 ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""

cp $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys
 

for i in {192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152};do scp -r /root/.ssh root@$i:/root/;done

Step 2 配置 集群内 resolve 地址解析

参考命令:

> /etc/hosts
 

tee -a /etc/hosts <<-'EOF'
> 192.168.136.153 master0
> 192.168.136.145 slave0
> 192.168.136.152 slave1
> EOF
 

for i in {192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152};do scp /etc/hosts root@$i:/etc/;done

Step 3  配置集群内各主机的静态主机名

参考命令:

cat /etc/hosts | while read hang;do server=`echo ${hang} | awk -F " "
'{print $1}'` && name=`echo ${hang} | awk -F " " '{print $2}'` && ssh
-n root@${server} "hostnamectl set-hostname ${name}";done

Step 4 酌情关闭集群内主机的 SElinux、 swap、 OS 防火墙,并检查其状态

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do ssh
root@$i "echo -e ' ';echo -e ' 主 机 IP 信 息 ';ip a | grep -E -w
'inet.*ens33';echo -e ' ';echo -e 'SELinux 状态';sestatus;echo -e '
';echo -e 'OS 防 火墙状态'systemctl status firewalld;echo -e ' ';echo -e
'OS 的 SWAP 状态';swapon --show;echo -e ' '" ; done
 

Step 5 配置集群内的授时服务(192.168.136.153 为本集群内的时钟服务器)

参考命令:

systemctl start chronyd;systemctl enable chronyd;systemctl restart
chronyd;systemctl status chronyd;sleep 5 ;timedatectl;chronyc
sourcestats -v;chronyc sources -v
 

Step 6 配置 集群内的 时钟接收者

参考命令:

ssh root@192.168.136.145

scp /etc/chrony.conf root@192.168.136.152:/etc/

for i in {192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152};do ssh root@$i "systemctl
start chronyd;systemctl status chronyd;systemctl enable
chronyd;systemctl restart chronyd;chronyc -a makestep;sleep
5 ;timedatectl;chronyc sourcestats -v;chronyc sources -v";done
 

Step 7 安装并配置 Containerd

参考命令:

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do ssh
root@$i "wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo" ;
done

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do ssh
root@$i "yum clean all && yum makecache && yum update -y" ; done

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do ssh
root@$i "yum install -y containerd" ; done

containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml

for i in {192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do scp
/etc/containerd/config.toml root@$i:/etc/containerd/ ; done

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do ssh
root@$i "systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart containerd && systemctl status
containerd" ; done

[root@master0 centos7-00]# cat /etc/containerd/config.toml
disabled_plugins = []
imports = []
oom_score = 0
plugin_dir = ""
required_plugins = []
root = "/var/lib/containerd"
state = "/run/containerd"
temp = ""
version = 2

[cgroup]
  path = ""

[debug]
  address = ""
  format = ""
  gid = 0
  level = ""
  uid = 0

[grpc]
  address = "/run/containerd/containerd.sock"
  gid = 0
  max_recv_message_size = 16777216
  max_send_message_size = 16777216
  tcp_address = ""
  tcp_tls_ca = ""
  tcp_tls_cert = ""
  tcp_tls_key = ""
  uid = 0

[metrics]
  address = ""
  grpc_histogram = false

[plugins]

  [plugins."io.containerd.gc.v1.scheduler"]
    deletion_threshold = 0
    mutation_threshold = 100
    pause_threshold = 0.02
    schedule_delay = "0s"
    startup_delay = "100ms"

  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]
    device_ownership_from_security_context = false
    disable_apparmor = false
    disable_cgroup = false
    disable_hugetlb_controller = true
    disable_proc_mount = false
    disable_tcp_service = true
    enable_selinux = false
    enable_tls_streaming = false
    enable_unprivileged_icmp = false
    enable_unprivileged_ports = false
    ignore_image_defined_volumes = false
    max_concurrent_downloads = 3
    max_container_log_line_size = 16384
    netns_mounts_under_state_dir = false
    restrict_oom_score_adj = false
    # sandbox_image = "registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6"
    sandbox_image = "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6"
    selinux_category_range = 1024
    stats_collect_period = 10
    stream_idle_timeout = "4h0m0s"
    stream_server_address = "127.0.0.1"
    stream_server_port = "0"
    systemd_cgroup = false
    tolerate_missing_hugetlb_controller = true
    unset_seccomp_profile = ""

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".cni]
      bin_dir = "/opt/cni/bin"
      conf_dir = "/etc/cni/net.d"
      conf_template = ""
      ip_pref = ""
      max_conf_num = 1

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd]
      default_runtime_name = "runc"
      disable_snapshot_annotations = true
      discard_unpacked_layers = false
      ignore_rdt_not_enabled_errors = false
      no_pivot = false
      snapshotter = "overlayfs"

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime.options]
          

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes]

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
          base_runtime_spec = ""
          cni_conf_dir = ""
          cni_max_conf_num = 0
          container_annotations = []
          pod_annotations = []
          privileged_without_host_devices = false
          runtime_engine = ""
          runtime_path = ""
          runtime_root = ""
          runtime_type = "io.containerd.runc.v2"

          [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
            BinaryName = ""
            CriuImagePath = ""
            CriuPath = ""
            CriuWorkPath = ""
            IoGid = 0
            IoUid = 0
            NoNewKeyring = false
            NoPivotRoot = false
            Root = ""
            ShimCgroup = ""
            #SystemdCgroup = false
            SystemdCgroup = true

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime.options]

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".image_decryption]
      key_model = "node"

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
      #config_path = ""
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]
          endpoint = ["https://9oe2llyt.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]


      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.auths]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.headers]

      #[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".x509_key_pair_streaming]
      tls_cert_file = ""
      tls_key_file = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.opt"]
    path = "/opt/containerd"

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.restart"]
    interval = "10s"

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.tracing"]
    sampling_ratio = 1.0
    service_name = "containerd"

  [plugins."io.containerd.metadata.v1.bolt"]
    content_sharing_policy = "shared"

  [plugins."io.containerd.monitor.v1.cgroups"]
    no_prometheus = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux"]
    no_shim = false
    runtime = "runc"
    runtime_root = ""
    shim = "containerd-shim"
    shim_debug = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v2.task"]
    platforms = ["linux/amd64"]
    sched_core = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.diff-service"]
    default = ["walking"]

  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.tasks-service"]
    rdt_config_file = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.aufs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.btrfs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.devmapper"]
    async_remove = false
    base_image_size = ""
    discard_blocks = false
    fs_options = ""
    fs_type = ""
    pool_name = ""
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.native"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.overlayfs"]
    root_path = ""
    upperdir_label = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.zfs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.tracing.processor.v1.otlp"]
    endpoint = ""
    insecure = false
    protocol = ""

[proxy_plugins]

[stream_processors]

  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar"

  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar.gzip"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip"

[timeouts]
  "io.containerd.timeout.bolt.open" = "0s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.cleanup" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.load" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.shutdown" = "3s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.task.state" = "2s"

[ttrpc]
  address = ""
  gid = 0
  uid = 0
[root@master0 centos7-00]#

Step 8  安装 kubernetes 社区提供的 containerd 客户端工具 crictl

  根 据 https://www.downloadkubernetes.com/ 确 定 即 将 安 装 的
Kubernetes 版本, 本次即将安装 Kubernetes v1.28.0。 客户端工具 crictl 的
版本号需和即将安装的 Kubernetes 版本号一致。
 

参考命令:

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do
scp ./crictl-v1.28.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@$i:/opt/;sleep 3;ssh
root@$i "cd /opt/ && tar -xzf crictl-v1.28.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/bin/" ; done

[root@master0 centos7-00]# cat > crictl.yaml <<-'EOF'
> runtime-endpoint: unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock
> image-endpoint: unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock
> timeout: 10
> EOF
[root@master0 centos7-00]#

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do
scp ./crictl.yaml root@$i:/etc/" ; done

Step 9  安装 Kubernetes v1.28.0

参考命令:

[root@master0 centos7-00]# cat <<EOF > kubernetes.repo
> [kubernetes]
> name=Kubernetes
> b
aseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-e
l7-x86_64/
> enabled=1
> gpgcheck=1
> repo_gpgcheck=1
> gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
> EOF
[root@master0 centos7-00]#

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do
scp ./kubernetes.repo root@$i:/etc/yum.repos.d/ ; done

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do ssh
root@$i "yum install -y {kubeadm,kubelet,kubectl}-1.28.0-0" ; done

[root@master0 centos7-00]# cat > kubelet <<EOF
> KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--cgroup-driver=systemd
> EOF
[root@master0 centos7-00]#

for i in {192.168.136.153,192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do ssh
root@$i "systemctl start kubelet && systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl
is-active kubelet" ; done

kubeadm config print init-defaults | tee kubernetes-init.yaml


kubeadm init --config ./kubernetes-init.yaml --v=5 | tee
kubernetes-init.log


export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
 

[root@master0 centos7-00]# cat kubernetes-init.yaml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
  - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
  token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
  ttl: 24h0m0s
  usages:
  - signing
  - authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
  #advertiseAddress: 1.2.3.4
  advertiseAddress: 192.168.136.153
  bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
  criSocket: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
  imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  #name: node
  name: master0
  taints: null
---
apiServer:
  timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
#clusterName: kubernetes
clusterName: kubernetes_Containerd
controllerManager: {}
dns: {}
etcd:
  local:
    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
#imageRepository: registry.k8s.io
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: 1.28.0
networking:
  dnsDomain: cluster.local
  serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
scheduler: {}
---
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
cgroupDriver: systemd
[root@master0 centos7-00]# 

Step 10  给 Kubernetes 集群安装 CNI 网络插件

参考命令:

wget https://github.com/flannel-io/flannel/releases/latest/download/kubeflannel.yml

kubectl apply -f /home/centos7-00/kube-flannel.yml

Step 11  把 slave 节点加入初始化好后的 Kubernetes 集群

参考命令:

for i in {192.168.136.145,192.168.136.152}; do ssh root@$i "kubeadm join
192.168.136.153:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash
sha256:24421351ee9325ac028036b089aa62f01c7e39ec385135c22e113f657b0d7
8ba --cri-socket=unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock" ; done

Step 11 查看 Kubernetes 集群状态

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