在《0基础学习PyFlink——个数滚动窗口(Tumbling Count Windows)》一文中，我们发现如果窗口内元素个数没有达到窗口大小时，计算个数的函数是不会被调用的。如下图中红色部分

那么有没有办法让上图中（B,2）和（D,5）也会被计算呢？
这就可以使用本节介绍的时间滚动窗口。它不依赖于窗口中元素的个数，而是窗口的时间，即窗口时间到了，计算就会进行。
我们稍微修改下《0基础学习PyFlink——个数滚动窗口(Tumbling Count Windows)》的例子，让元素集中在“A”上。

map

class SumWindowFunction(WindowFunction[tuple, tuple, str, TimeWindow]):def apply(self, key: str, window: TimeWindow, inputs: Iterable[tuple]):print(*inputs, window)return [(key,  len([e for e in inputs]))]word_count_data = [("A",2),("A",1),("A",4),("A",3),("A",6),("A",5),("A",7),("A",8),("A",9),("A",10),("A",11),("A",12),("A",13),("A",14),("A",15),("A",16),("A",17),("A",18),("A",19),("A",20)]def word_count():env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.get_execution_environment()env.set_runtime_mode(RuntimeExecutionMode.STREAMING)# write all the data to one fileenv.set_parallelism(1)source_type_info = Types.TUPLE([Types.STRING(), Types.INT()])# define the source# mappgingsource = env.from_collection(word_count_data, source_type_info)# source.print()# keyingkeyed=source.key_by(lambda i: i[0]) 

reduce

    # reducingreduced=keyed.window(TumblingProcessingTimeWindows.of(Time.milliseconds(2))) \.apply(SumWindowFunction(),Types.TUPLE([Types.STRING(), Types.INT()]))# # define the sinkreduced.print()# submit for executionenv.execute()

这儿我们的Window使用的是滚动时间窗口，其中参数Time.milliseconds(2)是指窗口时长，即2毫秒一个窗口。
我们运行多次代码可以得到不同的结果

(‘A’, 2) (‘A’, 1) (‘A’, 4) (‘A’, 3) (‘A’, 6) (‘A’, 5) (‘A’, 7) (‘A’, 8) (‘A’, 9) (‘A’, 10) (‘A’, 11) (‘A’, 12) TimeWindow(start=1698771761164, end=1698771761166)
(A,12)
(‘A’, 13) (‘A’, 14) (‘A’, 15) (‘A’, 16) (‘A’, 17) (‘A’, 18) (‘A’, 19) (‘A’, 20) TimeWindow(start=1698771761166, end=1698771761168)
(A,8)

或者

(‘A’, 2) (‘A’, 1) (‘A’, 4) (‘A’, 3) (‘A’, 6) (‘A’, 5) (‘A’, 7) (‘A’, 8) (‘A’, 9) (‘A’, 10) (‘A’, 11) (‘A’, 12) (‘A’, 13) (‘A’, 14) (‘A’, 15) (‘A’, 16) TimeWindow(start=1698771731386, end=1698771731388)
(A,16)
(‘A’, 17) (‘A’, 18) (‘A’, 19) (‘A’, 20) TimeWindow(start=1698771731388, end=1698771731390)
(A,4)

或者

(‘A’, 2) (‘A’, 1) (‘A’, 4) (‘A’, 3) (‘A’, 6) (‘A’, 5) (‘A’, 7) (‘A’, 8) (‘A’, 9) (‘A’, 10) (‘A’, 11) (‘A’, 12) (‘A’, 13) (‘A’, 14) (‘A’, 15) (‘A’, 16) (‘A’, 17) (‘A’, 18) (‘A’, 19) (‘A’, 20) TimeWindow(start=1698771714992, end=1698771714994)
(A,20)

可以发现结果并不稳定。但是可以发现，每个元素都参与了计算，而不像个数滚动窗口那样部分数据没有被触发计算。

完整代码

from typing import Iterable
import time
from pyflink.common import Types, Time
from pyflink.datastream import StreamExecutionEnvironment, RuntimeExecutionMode, WindowFunction
from pyflink.datastream.window import TimeWindow, TumblingProcessingTimeWindowsclass SumWindowFunction(WindowFunction[tuple, tuple, str, TimeWindow]):def apply(self, key: str, window: TimeWindow, inputs: Iterable[tuple]):print(*inputs, window)return [(key,  len([e for e in inputs]))]word_count_data = [("A",2),("A",1),("A",4),("A",3),("A",6),("A",5),("A",7),("A",8),("A",9),("A",10),("A",11),("A",12),("A",13),("A",14),("A",15),("A",16),("A",17),("A",18),("A",19),("A",20)]def word_count():env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.get_execution_environment()env.set_runtime_mode(RuntimeExecutionMode.STREAMING)# write all the data to one fileenv.set_parallelism(1)source_type_info = Types.TUPLE([Types.STRING(), Types.INT()])# define the source# mappgingsource = env.from_collection(word_count_data, source_type_info)# source.print()# keyingkeyed=source.key_by(lambda i: i[0]) # reducingreduced=keyed.window(TumblingProcessingTimeWindows.of(Time.milliseconds(2))) \.apply(SumWindowFunction(),Types.TUPLE([Types.STRING(), Types.INT()]))# # define the sinkreduced.print()# submit for executionenv.execute()if __name__ == '__main__':word_count()

参考资料

• https://nightlies.apache.org/flink/flink-docs-master/api/python/reference/pyflink.datastream/api/pyflink.datastream.window.TumblingProcessingTimeWindows.html#pyflink.datastream.window.TumblingProcessingTimeWindows