2.docker镜像的导入导出

概述

docker 常用命令

本章节使用到的命令，总结在此，后面有使用案例。

命令	作用
docker images	显示镜像
docker rmi $(docker images -q)	删除系统上所有的镜像
docker rmi -f	强制删除多个镜像：docker rmi -f nginx mysql
docker save -o <导出路径/文件名.tar> <镜像名称>
docker load -i <导出路径/文件名.tar>	导入镜像

下载

生产的机器一般是 无外网环境 ，所以 docker 要离线安装，镜像也需要离线安装。
所以需要一台连网的机器，先将镜像下载，再导出

appledeMacBook-Pro:~ hyl$ docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
pangliang/rocketmq-console-ng   latest              ce1afb55c045        4 years ago         118MB
rocketmqinc/rocketmq            latest              09bbc30a03b6        4 years ago         380MB
appledeMacBook-Pro:~ hyl$ 
appledeMacBook-Pro:~ hyl$ docker rmi $(docker images -q)
Untagged: pangliang/rocketmq-console-ng:latest
Untagged: pangliang/rocketmq-console-ng@sha256:630eb2fb9f144637bb6f77af37e23426e0c0596b0d46873f1c921f8f6c4aa17a
Deleted: sha256:ce1afb55c04576af89153d98789d55d8bca0ed5c30a456bc9c9161859a9e6f9f
Deleted: sha256:fdde7851a1539da25abd154a97e6f47a5166256e1ff37768d8e92016b37f54ae
Deleted: sha256:aba8cd4318a8a15f59f305368e49cc3bbd0d6d72171a0b24d08cc00513b14ef4
Deleted: sha256:c318fbba92645a83843c387bd78497e7b143ecc7f5ed99dcb7d38fc62442c02a
Deleted: sha256:f1b5933fe4b5f49bbe8258745cf396afe07e625bdab3168e364daf7c956b6b81
Untagged: rocketmqinc/rocketmq:latest
Untagged: rocketmqinc/rocketmq@sha256:b08556227ad8d169b7927f4c48335877cb10060e6781374ce5a644ea29f6fbe1
Deleted: sha256:09bbc30a03b682786ad205beb772a382d4cecc8a521206d7b3c50e95fb725530
Deleted: sha256:9b56b922584897d7008163dc149c70a987fac1ae6b1929f4412efe9f8c2ede78
Deleted: sha256:33183233106a7e3aa85b0d2bc1d65260f9c4d78040c78370940ecc2331ea313d
Deleted: sha256:2f228f2a23dfa6754aede6994c84fb52386e0bb5a02226f0070f0eb0f44fd85e
Deleted: sha256:8f9cb5d760f829ad52a340f773ff645db0138d0583b8ccf2b62554480707554c
Deleted: sha256:7fa827024c4d1c03f341b9f5a28bc3cf37264c431ec4a3f7abdafeaf990f45d8
Deleted: sha256:5cc9537c34c58cda2cf83d0d4fa991a508f89b1a86eada4d190878785b6f9172
Deleted: sha256:ef8da6bbb9df05a886aae9a4175664802cef24582203f10dfe1d84ce00f8db1d
Deleted: sha256:071d8bd765171080d01682844524be57ac9883e53079b6ac66707e192ea25956
appledeMacBook-Pro:~ hyl$ docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

下载镜像

appledeMacBook-Pro:~ hyl$ docker pull influxdb:1.8
1.8: Pulling from library/influxdb
2f088d622efd: Pull complete 
de448b80f064: Pull complete 
469105de3319: Pull complete 
cdad387b3290: Pull complete 
b9b6af5df828: Pull complete 
20272ddaf2bf: Pull complete 
708944893048: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:f02e9d97bd1edf36f343d0478b9e4d3bf0f4a7c30d59c4edca6acf2b6065f2a9
Status: Downloaded newer image for influxdb:1.8
docker.io/library/influxdb:1.8
appledeMacBook-Pro:~ hyl$ docker pull grafana/grafana
Using default tag: latest
Error response from daemon: Get https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/: net/http: TLS handshake timeout
appledeMacBook-Pro:~ hyl$ docker pull grafana/grafana
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from grafana/grafana
7264a8db6415: Pull complete 
3cf7ed17dad5: Pull complete 
00fbaa4ff278: Pull complete 
1712a81b1c5b: Pull complete 
b82f661477d7: Pull complete 
85d88afc7ec6: Pull complete 
5aeff27f6208: Pull complete 
2309246adff5: Pull complete 
4a6fe4caa3c7: Pull complete 
6309adfe5521: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:1ee0c54286b8ca09a3dd1419ff8653e7780a148a006ac088544203bb0affe550
Status: Downloaded newer image for grafana/grafana:latest
docker.io/grafana/grafana:latest
appledeMacBook-Pro:~ hyl$

导出

将下载下来的 镜像 导出并且打包，上传至离线的服务器上，进行导入工作。

docker save -o /Users/hyl/Desktop/jk/influxdb.tar influxdb:1.8
docker save -o /Users/hyl/Desktop/jk/grafana.tar grafana/grafana:latest

操作如下图：
在这里插入图片描述
导出过程可能需要一些时间，取决于镜像的大小，所以需要耐心等待。

导入镜像

导出完成后，可以使用 docker load 命令验证导出的镜像。以下是载入镜像的示例命令：
在这里插入图片描述

[root@hadoop01 ~]# docker load -i ./influxdb.tar
53ae7e5bcde8: Loading layer [==================================================>]  129.4MB/129.4MB
47a0492361a1: Loading layer [==================================================>]  29.53MB/29.53MB
ea498917da7b: Loading layer [==================================================>]  10.75kB/10.75kB
18ae329703f8: Loading layer [==================================================>]    154MB/154MB
63f6173a2112: Loading layer [==================================================>]  3.072kB/3.072kB
99108cfee517: Loading layer [==================================================>]  2.048kB/2.048kB
3ab566fe20ca: Loading layer [==================================================>]  5.632kB/5.632kB
Loaded image: influxdb:1.8
[root@hadoop01 ~]# docker load -i ./grafana.tar
4693057ce236: Loading layer [==================================================>]  7.626MB/7.626MB
bdf330023361: Loading layer [==================================================>]   2.56kB/2.56kB
018ee2d8caca: Loading layer [==================================================>]  8.495MB/8.495MB
7ccfea30313d: Loading layer [==================================================>]  10.19MB/10.19MB
fb7a544ac307: Loading layer [==================================================>]  162.3kB/162.3kB
4ee20b1f5366: Loading layer [==================================================>]   89.6kB/89.6kB
5892380a6ea3: Loading layer [==================================================>]  189.1MB/189.1MB
3c537f66dd33: Loading layer [==================================================>]  191.2MB/191.2MB
bf5a90fccd9f: Loading layer [==================================================>]  37.89kB/37.89kB
e14e42fdf9d7: Loading layer [==================================================>]   5.12kB/5.12kB
Loaded image: grafana/grafana:latest
[root@hadoop01 ~]#