动态路由协议实验——RIP

什么是RIP

​ RIP(Routing Information Protocol,路由信息协议）是一种内部网关协议（IGP），是一种动态路由选择协议，用于自治系统（AS）内的路由信息的传递。RIP协议基于距离矢量算法（Bellham-Ford）（DistanceVectorAlgorithms），使用“跳数”(即metric)来衡量到达目标地址的路由距离。应用于OSI的应用层，使用UDP端口号520端口，配置简单。

RIP工作原理

​ 每一个路由器都会维护一个路由表，路由表中每一项是自己到其他路由器的距离，距离即为跳数，每经过一个路由器跳数加1，RIP规定一个路由最多保存15个路由器，所以距离（metric）只能在0-16之内，16表示无限长即不可达，所以RIP只适合使用于小型网络中。

RIP优缺点

好消息快，坏消息慢

要求：使用RIP协议使各个PC之间能够ping通

1、配置各口子

R1

<HUAWEI>sys
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

R2

<HUAWEI>sys
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

R3

<HUAWEI>sys
interface g 0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.1.1.254 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

R4

<HUAWEI>sys
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.4 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[Huawei]interface g 0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 1.1.1.254 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]display this
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

2、配置各PC

PC1

PC2

PC3

PC4

3、配置RIP协议

R1

[Huawei]rip
[Huawei-rip-1]version 2
[Huawei-rip-1]network 192.168.0.0
[Huawei-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0

R2

[Huawei]rip
[Huawei-rip-1]version 2
[Huawei-rip-1]network 192.168.0.0
[Huawei-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
[Huawei-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

R3

[Huawei]rip
[Huawei-rip-1]version 2
[Huawei-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0
[Huawei-rip-1]network 34.0.0.0
[Huawei-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0

R4

[Huawei]rip
[Huawei-rip-1]version 2
[Huawei-rip-1]network 34.0.0.0
[Huawei-rip-1]network 1.0.0.0

4、测试连通性

PC1 ping PC2、PC3、PC4

PC2 ping PC3、PC4

PC3 ping PC4