1、消费异常处理

1.1、application.yml配置

server:port: 8120# v1
spring:Kafka:bootstrap-servers: 192.168.74.148:9095,192.168.74.148:9096,192.168.74.148:9097consumer:# read-committed读事务已提交的消息 解决脏读问题isolation-level: read-committed # 消费者的事务隔离级别：read-uncommitted会导致脏读，可以读取生产者事务还未提交的消息# 消费者是否自动ack ：true自动ack 消费者获取到消息后kafka提交消费者偏移量# 调用ack方法时才会提交ack给kafka
#      enable-auto-commit: false# 消费者提交ack时多长时间批量提交一次auto-commit-interval: 1000# 消费者第一次消费主题消息时从哪个位置开始# earliest:从最早的消息开始消费# latest:第一次从LEO位置开始消费# none:如果主题分区没有偏移量，则抛出异常auto-offset-reset: earliest  #指定Offset消费:earliest | latest | nonekey-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializervalue-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializerlistener:# 手动ack：manual手动ack时 如果有异常会尝试一直消费
#      ack-mode: manual# 手动ack：消费有异常时停止ack-mode: manual_immediate

1.2、注册异常处理器

package com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.config;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.NewTopic;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.Consumer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.TopicBuilder;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.ConsumerAwareListenerErrorHandler;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.ListenerExecutionFailedException;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
@Configuration
public class MyKafkaConfig {@Beanpublic NewTopic springTestPartitionTopic() {return TopicBuilder.name("my_topic1") //主题名称.partitions(3) //分区数量.replicas(3) //副本数量.build();}//方法名就是注入到容器中对象的名称@Beanpublic ConsumerAwareListenerErrorHandler myErrorHandler() {//创建异常处理器：消费者异常时 且注册使用当前异常处理器 会生效return new ConsumerAwareListenerErrorHandler() {@Overridepublic Object handleError(Message<?> message, ListenerExecutionFailedException e, Consumer<?, ?> consumer) {System.out.println("出现异常，消息内容：value = " + message.getPayload());System.out.println("header = "+message.getHeaders());System.out.println("异常信息：" + e.getMessage());System.out.println("=================");return null;}};}
}

1.3、消费者使用异常处理器

package com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.TopicPartition;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MyKafkaListenerAck {/*** 自动ack可能会导致漏消息*      spring-kafka：*                     自动ack 如果有异常，会死循环获取消息重新消费*                        不能继续向后消费消息，会导致消息积压**                    手动ack 配置了手动ack，且ack-mode为manual_immediate时，*                        如果消息消费失败，会继续向后消费* @param record*/@KafkaListener(topicPartitions = {@TopicPartition(topic = "my_topic1",partitions = {"0"})}, groupId = "my_group1",errorHandler = "myErrorHandler")public void onMessage1(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record, Acknowledgment acknowledgment) {System.out.println("my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = "+ record.topic()+"，partition:"+record.partition()+"，offset = "+record.offset()+"，key = "+record.key()+"，value = "+record.value());int i = 1/0;// 手动ack：手动确认消息已经消费 broker 会提交消费者偏移量acknowledgment.acknowledge();}
}

1.4、创建生产者发送消息

package com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer;import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;@SpringBootTest
class SpringKafkaConsumerApplicationTests {@ResourceKafkaTemplate kafkaTemplate;@Testvoid contextLoads() {for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {kafkaTemplate.send("my_topic1",i%3,"", "指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费"+i);}}}

1.5、创建SpringBoot启动类

package com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;// Generated by https://start.springboot.io
// 优质的 spring/boot/data/security/cloud 框架中文文档尽在 => https://springdoc.cn
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringKafkaConsumerApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SpringKafkaConsumerApplication.class, args);}}

1.6、屏蔽 kafka debug 日志 logback.xml

<configuration>　　　　　　<!-- 如果觉得idea控制台日志太多，src\main\resources目录下新建logback.xml
屏蔽kafka debug --><logger name="org.apache.kafka.clients" level="debug" />
</configuration>

1.7、引入spring-kafka依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>3.0.5</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><!-- Generated by https://start.springboot.io --><!-- 优质的 spring/boot/data/security/cloud 框架中文文档尽在 => https://springdoc.cn --><groupId>com.atguigu</groupId><artifactId>spring-kafka-consumer</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>spring-kafka-consumer</name><description>spring-kafka-consumer</description><properties><java.version>17</java.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId><artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>

1.8、消费者控制台：

1.8.1、第一次启动SpringKafkaConsumerApplication

  .   ____          _            __ _ _/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \\\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )'  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/:: Spring Boot ::                (v3.0.5)my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 0，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费0
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 0, CreateTime = 1717672170845, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费0)
header = {id=91c96206-2381-5fa1-b391-52627056762f, timestamp=1717672488753}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 1，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费3
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 1, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费3)
header = {id=8755d954-615c-37ff-67f0-85521e090b03, timestamp=1717672488753}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 2，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费6
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 2, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费6)
header = {id=68082673-07d2-6f69-3935-c7034a7caf81, timestamp=1717672488753}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 3，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费9
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 3, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费9)
header = {id=bcbda053-9536-df91-d937-2688b5d4c6ea, timestamp=1717672488754}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================

1.8.n、第n次启动SpringKafkaConsumerApplication

  .   ____          _            __ _ _/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \\\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )'  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/:: Spring Boot ::                (v3.0.5)my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 0，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费0
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 0, CreateTime = 1717672170845, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费0)
header = {id=6bc9edb9-ad1c-e00e-9b27-c0c540248091, timestamp=1717672854508}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 1，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费3
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 1, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费3)
header = {id=14e6951b-b25f-10ca-702c-a1699d25645b, timestamp=1717672854508}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 2，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费6
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 2, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费6)
header = {id=26e85ef8-2502-fd29-8d5b-091ec0362900, timestamp=1717672854509}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 3，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费9
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 3, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费9)
header = {id=25c6b6c8-d02d-2091-7c6f-ebaea6c52d1d, timestamp=1717672854509}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================

此时如果不关闭SpringKafkaConsumerApplication，生产者继续发送消息，消费者只会往后消费，不会从头再次消费