一、业务背景
在搭建好Hive环境后，应用项目远程连接hive需要设置用户名和密码，但hive默认的用户名和密码都是空，因此需要设置自定义用户名和密码。
二、开发步骤
2.1 新建maven项目，pom.xml引入相关依赖，主要是hadoop、HIve和打包依赖

 <dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- 导入hadoop依赖环境 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId><artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId><version>3.3.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId><artifactId>hive-service</artifactId><version>3.1.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId><artifactId>hive-jdbc</artifactId><version>3.1.2</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><configuration><source>1.8</source><target>1.8</target><encoding>UTF-8</encoding></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>

2.2 新建自定义验证类代码：

package org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.auth;import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.hive.service.auth.PasswdAuthenticationProvider;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf;import javax.security.sasl.AuthenticationException;/*** @describe: hive自定义认证* @author: 容若* @created: 2024-03-12 10:13*/
public class CustomPasswdAuthenticator implements PasswdAuthenticationProvider {private static final String HIVE_JDBC_PASSWD_AUTH_PREFIX="hive.jdbc_passwd.auth.%s";private Configuration conf=null;@Overridepublic void Authenticate(String userName, String passwd) throws AuthenticationException {System.out.println("user: "+userName+" try login.");String passwdConf = getConf().get(String.format(HIVE_JDBC_PASSWD_AUTH_PREFIX, userName));if (StringUtils.isEmpty(passwdConf)) {String message = "找不到用户的ACL配置. user:"+userName;System.out.println(message);throw new AuthenticationException(message);}if(!passwd.equals(passwdConf)){String message = "用户名和密码不匹配. user:"+userName;throw new AuthenticationException(message);}}public Configuration getConf() {if(conf==null){this.conf=new Configuration(new HiveConf());}return conf;}public void setConf(Configuration conf) {this.conf=conf;}
}

2.3 将项目打包成jar，之后，将jar包放在hive根目录的lib,可能是：/opt/hive/conf/lib下，放在别的地方找到不到，会报错，如下:

2024-03-12T09:42:20,241 ERROR [HiveServer2-Handler-Pool: Thread-41] server.TThreadPoolServer: Error occurred during processing of message. java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.auth.CustomPasswdAuthenticatornot found at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:2195) at
........
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.auth.CustomPasswdAuthenticatve not found at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:2101) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:2193) ... 13 more

2.4 自定义jar生效配置
修改hive目录下的conf文件夹中的hive-site.xml，添加配置：

<!--自定义远程连接用户名和密码-->
<property>
<name>hive.server2.authentication</name>
<value>CUSTOM</value>  <!--默认为none，修改成CUSTOM-->
</property><!--指定解析jar包-->
<property>
<name>hive.server2.custom.authentication.class</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.auth.CustomPasswdAuthenticator</value>
</property>  <!--设置用户名和密码，如果有多个用户和密码，可以多写几个property-->
<property><name>hive.jdbc_passwd.auth.ext_bd</name>  <!--用户名为最后一个:用户--><value>swsc600369</value>  <!--密码-->
</property>  

hive-site.xml中配置用户密码 用户名"ext_bd"，密码 “swsc600369” 如果有多个就写多个property.
注意：指定解析jar包处，value里的路径必须要和自己项目里的路径一样。

2.5 配置Java连接Hive权限(在安装Hadoop时应该已经配置)
最后可能需要修改hadoop的相关文件，切换到hadoop配置文件目录：hadoop/etc/hadoop，修改hadoop：core-site.xml，否则java连接hive没权限；

<property><name>hadoop.proxyuser.hadoop.hosts</name><value>*</value>
</property>
<property><name>hadoop.proxyuser.hadoop.groups</name><value>*</value>
</property>

2.6 重启服务
重启hadoop和hive，可以使用beeline工具进行连接测试，看hiveserver2是否配置正确，启动另一个终端，进入到hive/bin路径，使用beeline -u jdbc:hive2://ip:10000 命令利用beeline工具测试hiveserver2是否正常启动。
2.7 Java测试连接Hive

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;/*** @describe:* @author: 容若* @created: 2024-03-12 16:27*/
public class HiveAuthTest {private static final String URLHIVE = "jdbc:hive2://190.150.19.179:10000";private static Connection connection = null;public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException{String sql1="select * from table limit 1";PreparedStatement pstm = getHiveConnection().prepareStatement(sql1);ResultSet rs= pstm.executeQuery(sql1);while (rs.next()) {System.out.println(rs.getString(2));}pstm.close();rs.close();}public static Connection getHiveConnection() {if (null == connection) {synchronized (HiveAuthTest.class) {if (null == connection) {try {Class.forName("org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver");connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URLHIVE, "ext_bd", "swsc600369");System.out.println("hive启动连接成功！");} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}return connection;}
}

2.8 执行与调试
若执行报出如下错误：

java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: user=zhangsan, access=EXECUTE, inode="/tmp/hive":root:supergroup:drwx------ at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSPermissionChecker.check(FSPermissionChecker.java:319) at
.........
org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:616) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:982) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2049) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2045) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415) at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1698) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2043)

说明目录没有权限，进入到hadoop/bin目录执行

[root@master bin]# ./hdfs dfs -chmod -R 777 /tmp