小程序项目思路分享爬虫

具体需求：

 有这几个就行，门店名称+门店地址+门店类型，再加上省、市、县/区

门店名称：storeName

门店地址：storeAddress

程序运行：

honor_spider获取经纬度信息。

经纬度——>详细店铺接口

这是荣耀店铺接口数据，请求参数带有省/市的经纬度信息。返回响应数据是省、市下的行政区划荣耀店铺信息

https://retail.hihonor.com/isrp/sms/online/store-info/getTargetStore/hi-honor

curl

curl -H 'Host: retail.hihonor.com' -H 'appsource: wxapp' -H 'x-from: wxapp' -H 'charset: utf-8' -H 'x-appname: wxapp' -H 'user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 13; Mi 10 Build/TKQ1.221114.001; wv) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Chrome/116.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36 XWEB/1160117 MMWEBSDK/20240301 MMWEBID/291 MicroMessenger/8.0.48.2580(0x2800303D) WeChat/arm64 Weixin NetType/WIFI Language/zh_CN ABI/arm64 MiniProgramEnv/android' -H 'x-user-token: ' -H 'content-type: application/json' -H 'x-access-token: ' -H 'referer: https://servicewechat.com/wxde6bc80b07638016/409/page-frame.html' --data-binary '{"coordinateType":"2","longitude":116.31188232421874,"latitude":40.03590304904514,"isGetTargetStore":true,"operatingStatus":1,"isCheckSpu":true,"range":50000,"enableWechatApplet":1}' --compressed 'https://retail.hihonor.com/isrp/sms/online/store-info/getTargetStore/hi-honor'

接口特点：

接口只返回省市下的店铺信息，而不返回区级及以下的店铺信息。所以要提取行政区划信息，要对店铺地址写正则表达式提取。

代码：

import requests
import jsonheaders = {"Host": "retail.hihonor.com","appsource": "wxapp","x-from": "wxapp","charset": "utf-8","x-appname": "wxapp","user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 13; Mi 10 Build/TKQ1.221114.001; wv) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Chrome/116.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36 XWEB/1160117 MMWEBSDK/20240301 MMWEBID/291 MicroMessenger/8.0.48.2580(0x2800303D) WeChat/arm64 Weixin NetType/WIFI Language/zh_CN ABI/arm64 MiniProgramEnv/android",}
url = "https://retail.hihonor.com/isrp/sms/online/store-info/getTargetStore/hi-honor"
data = {"coordinateType": "2","longitude": 114.571090,"latitude": 38.146190,
}
data = json.dumps(data, separators=(',', ':'))
response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)# 解析响应数据
response_data = response.json()  # 使用.json()方法直接解析JSON响应数据# 提取storeName和storeAddress字段
if response_data['status'] == 'success' and 'result' in response_data:for store in response_data['result']:store_name = store.get('storeName')  # 使用get方法避免KeyErrorstore_address = store.get('storeAddress')  # 使用get方法避免KeyErrorprint('店铺名称:', store_name)print('店铺地址:', store_address)
else:print('请求失败或响应数据格式不正确')

结果

创建scrapy：scrapy startproject miniprogram

创建爬虫：scrapy genspider honor

省市——>经纬度接口

url = 'https://apis.map.qq.com/jsapi?qt=geoc&addr={}&output=jsonp&pf=jsapi&ref=jsapi&cb=qq.maps._svcb3.geocoder0'.format(name)

请求参数是省市名称，返回的数据是经纬度信息，这里我调用的是开源的腾讯地图api接口。

爬取直辖市province_data = {'北京市': 'CN-11', '天津市': 'CN-12', '河北省': 'CN-13', '山西省': 'CN-14','内蒙古自治区': 'CN-15', '辽宁省': 'CN-21', '吉林省': 'CN-22', '黑龙江省': 'CN-23','上海市': 'CN-31', '江苏省': 'CN-32', '浙江省': 'CN-33', '安徽省': 'CN-34', '福建省': 'CN-35','江西省': 'CN-36', '山东省': 'CN-37', '河南省': 'CN-41', '湖北省': 'CN-42', '湖南省': 'CN-43','广东省': 'CN-44', '广西壮族自治区': 'CN-45', '海南省': 'CN-46', '重庆市': 'CN-50','四川省': 'CN-51', '贵州省': 'CN-52', '云南省': 'CN-53', '西藏自治区': 'CN-54','陕西省': 'CN-61', '甘肃省': 'CN-62', '青海省': 'CN-63', '宁夏回族自治区': 'CN-64','新疆维吾尔自治区': 'CN-65'}

请求测试逻辑

# import requests
# import json
# import re
#
# # 假设您已经定义了get_proxies方法，如果没有，您可以将proxies参数从下面的请求中移除
# def get_proxies():
#     # 返回代理服务器的配置，例如：
#     
#     # 如果您不使用代理，可以返回None或者直接在请求中移除proxies参数
#     return None
#
# # 坐标
# def zb(name):  # name是区名
#     print('爬取坐标')
#     url = 'https://apis.map.qq.com/jsapi?qt=geoc&addr={}&output=jsonp&pf=jsapi&ref=jsapi&cb=qq.maps._svcb3.geocoder0'.format(name)
#     headers = {
#         "user-agent": '
#     }
#     try:
#         response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, proxies=get_proxies(), timeout=7)
#         html = response.text
#         if html[-1] != ';':
#             html = html + ';'
#
#         html = html.replace('\n', '').replace('\t', '').replace('\r', '')
#         html = re.findall('\({(.*?)\);', html)[0]
#         html = json.loads('{' + html)
#         return html
#     except Exception as e:
#         print('获取坐标错误', name, '重试！')
#         print(e)
#         return zb(name)
#
# # 测试代码
# if __name__ == "__main__":
#     test_name = "北京市"  # 测试用的区名，可以更换为其他区名。用provinceName
#     result = zb(test_name)
#     print(json.dumps(result, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False))  import requests
import json
import re
from connRedis import OPRedis# 假设您已经定义了get_proxies方法，如果没有，您可以将proxies参数从下面的请求中移除
# def get_proxies():
#如需调用，自行配置，这里我删除了。
#        proxies = {"http": "http://%(user)s:%(pwd)s@%(proxy)s/" % {"user": tid, "pwd": password, "proxy": proxy_ip},"https": "http://%(user)s:%(pwd)s@%(proxy)s/" % {"user": tid, "pwd": password, "proxy": proxy_ip}}return proxies# 坐标
def zb(name):  # name是区名print('爬取坐标')url = 'https://apis.map.qq.com/jsapi?qt=geoc&addr={}&output=jsonp&pf=jsapi&ref=jsapi&cb=qq.maps._svcb3.geocoder0'.format(name)headers = {"user-agent": }try:response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, proxies=get_proxies(), timeout=7)html = response.textif html[-1] != ';':html = html + ';'html = html.replace('\n', '').replace('\t', '').replace('\r', '')jsonp_str = re.findall('\((.*?)\);', html)[0]  # 提取JSONP响应中的JSON部分json_data = json.loads(jsonp_str)  # 将JSON字符串转换为字典pointx = json_data['detail']['pointx']pointy = json_data['detail']['pointy']return {'pointx': pointx, 'pointy': pointy}  # 返回经纬度的值except Exception as e:print('获取坐标错误', name, '重试！')print(e)return zb(name)# 测试代码
if __name__ == "__main__":test_name = "正定县"  # 测试用的区名，可以更换为其他区名coordinates = zb(test_name)print('经度:', coordinates['pointx'])print('纬度:', coordinates['pointy'])

返回数据

import requests
import jsonheaders = {"Host": "retail.hihonor.com","appsource": "wxapp","x-from": "wxapp","charset": "utf-8","x-appname": "wxapp","user-agent": "x-user-token": "","content-type": "application/json","x-access-token": "","referer": "https://servicewechat.com/wxde6bc80b07638016/409/page-frame.html"
}
url = "https://retail.hihonor.com/isrp/sms/online/store-info/getTargetStore/hi-honor"
data = {"coordinateType": "2","longitude": 116.231280,"latitude": 40.220770,"isGetTargetStore": True,"operatingStatus": 1,"isCheckSpu": True,"range": 50000,"enableWechatApplet": 1
}
data = json.dumps(data, separators=(',', ':'))
response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)print(response.text)
print(response)帮我提取出这段代码中的

问题

1.获取某些省，位置坐标报错

只能获取市级单位的经纬坐标

可见从头开始做测试的重要性，切忌想当然！！

2.代理不稳定，要重复请求

石家庄市

省——>市接口

"https://ccpce-cn.consumer.huawei.com/ccpcmd/services/dispatch/secured/CCPC/EN/ccpc/queryRegionList/1000"

这个接口比较特殊，是在华为消费者官网上找到的接口，通过这个接口。可以直接将省下面的市名列表获取到。这样就不用单独建数据库表了，直接调用就好了。这里注明来源，防止之后失效。

代码

# 获取下一级,省->市->区/县->
def get_next_level(code, level):#返回的是市级的数据,不要区县headers = {"Accept": "*/*","Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7","Connection": "keep-alive","Referer": "https://consumer.huawei.com/","Sec-Fetch-Dest": "script","Sec-Fetch-Mode": "no-cors","Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-site","User-Agent": "sec-ch-ua": "^\\^Not","sec-ch-ua-mobile": "?0","sec-ch-ua-platform": "^\\^Windows^^"}cookies = {}url = "https://ccpce-cn.consumer.huawei.com/ccpcmd/services/dispatch/secured/CCPC/EN/ccpc/queryRegionList/1000"params = {"jsonp": "jQuery36205836021093286132_{}".format(int(time.time() * 1000)),  # 使用当前时间戳,"countryCode": "CN","lang": "zh-cn","parent_alpha_2_code": code,"scopeGrade": level,"curpage": "1","pagesize": "1000","_": int(time.time() * 1000)}# 初始化重试次数max_retries = 3attempts = 0while attempts < max_retries:try:response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, cookies=cookies, params=params, proxies=get_proxies(), timeout=7)html = response.text# print(html)# 确保返回的JavaScript响应以分号结尾if html[-1] != ';':html = html + ';'# 使用正则表达式提取JSONP响应中的JSON数据html = re.findall('\({(.*?)\);', html)[0]# 将提取的JSON字符串转换为Python字典html = json.loads('{' + html)# 初始化一个空列表，用于存储解析后的数据datas = []# 遍历响应数据中的list部分，将每一项数据添加到datas列表中for data in html['responseData']['list']:datas.append(data)# print('打印响应数据')# print('----------------------------------------')# print(datas)# 返回解析后的数据列表return datasexcept Exception as e:print('获取下一级错误', code, '返回空数组！')print('异常类型:', type(e).__name__)print('异常信息:', e)# 如果尝试次数达到最大重试次数，则返回空数组if attempts == max_retries:print('已达到最大尝试次数，返回空数组！')return []# 短暂休眠后再次尝试time.sleep(2)# if __name__ == '__main__':
#         data = get_next_level("CN-36","city")#逻辑是如果是省调用这个接口
# 主函数
if __name__ == '__main__':# 遍历province_data中的每个省份for province_name, province_code in province_data.items():# 如果省份名称以"市"结尾，跳过直辖市，因为直辖市不需要获取下级市if province_name.endswith('市'):continue# 获取省份下的市级数据city_data = get_next_level(province_code, "city")# 市数量计数city_count = len(city_data)# # 初始化市名列表# city_names = [city['regionName'] for city in city_data]# city_names = [item['multi_lang_name'] for item in city_data['responseData']['list']]city_names = [item['multi_lang_name'] for item in city_data]# 打印省份名称，市的个数和市名列表print(f'省份名称: {province_name}')print(f'市的个数: {city_count}')print(f'包含的市名列表: {city_names}')print('----------------------------------------')

结果

代码优化：

写成了面向对象，有需要的可以后台call我。

之后如果客户有其他小程序的需求，还需要用scrapy框架进行分布式爬取数据

封装成scrapy框架

scrapy genspider honor consumer.huawei.com

实例：Scrapy框架请求逻辑

import scrapy
import json
import re
import time
from connRedis import OPRedisclass RegionSpider(scrapy.Spider):name = 'region_spider'allowed_domains = ['consumer.huawei.com']province_data = {# ... 省略其他省份数据 ...'江西省': 'CN-36',# ... 省略其他省份数据 ...}def start_requests(self):for province_name, province_code in self.province_data.items():if province_name.endswith('市'):continueyield scrapy.Request(url=self.get_url(province_code, "city"),callback=self.parse_city,meta={'province_name': province_name, 'province_code': province_code},cookies=self.get_cookies(),headers=self.get_headers())def parse_city(self, response):province_name = response.meta['province_name']province_code = response.meta['province_code']try:jsonp_string = response.textjson_string = re.findall(r'\((.*?)\);', jsonp_string)[0]data = json.loads(json_string)city_data = data['responseData']['list']city_count = len(city_data)city_names = [item['multi_lang_name'] for item in city_data]print(f'省份名称: {province_name}')print(f'市的个数: {city_count}')print(f'包含的市名列表: {city_names}')except Exception as e:self.logger.error(f'解析错误: {e}, 省份代码: {province_code}')def get_url(self, code, level):timestamp = int(time.time() * 1000)return f"https://ccpce-cn.consumer.huawei.com/ccpcmd/services/dispatch/secured/CCPC/EN/ccpc/queryRegionList/1000?jsonp=jQuery36205836021093286132_{timestamp}&countryCode=CN&lang=zh-cn&parent_alpha_2_code={code}&scopeGrade={level}&curpage=1&pagesize=1000&_={timestamp}"def get_cookies(self):return {# ... 省略其他cookies ..."JSESSIONID": "F78B38998A33F9B74DE0077819BF987E603F6C1FC1AC1005",# ... 省略其他cookies ...}def get_headers(self):return {"Accept": "*/*","User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/121.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",}

代码用法

Scrapy爬虫类中，start_requests方法生成初始请求，parse_city方法解析响应并打印结果。get_url、get_cookies、get_headers和get_proxies方法用于构建请求的URL、Cookies、Headers和代理。

在这里connRedis的模块和OPRedis的类是代理中间件。