RabbitMQ（Docker 单机部署）

序言

本文给大家介绍如何使用 Docker 单机部署 RabbitMQ 并与 SpringBoot 整合使用。

一、部署流程

拉取镜像
```
docker pull rabbitmq:3-management
```

镜像拉取成功之后使用下面命令启动 rabbitmq 容器

docker run \# 指定用户名-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=username \# 指定密码-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=password \# 指定容器名称--name mq \# 指定主机名称（任意）--hostname mq1 \# WEB 浏览器访问端口-p 15672:15672 \# AMQP 协议端口-p 5672:5672 \# 后台启动-d \# 引用的镜像rabbitmq:3-management

打开浏览器输入网址 localhost:15672 进入 RabbitMQ 管理页面

二、SpringBoot 整合 RabbitMQ

2.1 使用 RabbitMQ 客户端

引入依赖

<parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.7.6</version>
</parent><!-- amqp 依赖-->
<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency>
</dependencies>

使用案例

public void static main() throws IOException, TimeoutException {// 配置连接ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();factory.setHost("xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx");factory.setPort(5672);factory.setVirtualHost("/");factory.setUsername("rabbit");factory.setPassword("rabbit");// 获取连接对象Connection connection = factory.newConnection();// 获取频道Channel channel = connection.createChannel();// 创建队列String queueName = "simple.queue";channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);// 订阅消息channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, new DefaultConsumer(channel) {@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag,Envelope envelope,AMQP.BasicProperties properties,byte[] body) throws IOException {String msg = new String(body);System.out.println(msg);}});
}

2.2 使用 SpringAMQP

引入依赖

<parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.7.6</version>
</parent><!-- amqp 依赖-->
<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency>
</dependencies>

application.yml 文件中编写配置

spring:rabbitmq:host: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxxport: 5672virtual-host: /username: rabbitpassword: rabbit

监听消息

@Component
public class SpringRabbitListener {@RabbitListener(queues = "simple.queue")public void listenMessage(String msg) {System.out.println(msg);}
}

发送消息

@Resource
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Test
public void sendTest() {// 需要发送的队列String queueName = "simple.queue";// 需要发送的消息String msg = "This is a cool message!";// 发送消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName, msg);
}