第一次长难句分析:http://t.csdn.cn/nz9Gd
目录
1-1
1-2
1-3
先把所有的细枝末节全部去掉:
a. 修饰成分
(1)从句
(2)介宾短语
(3)过去/现在分词做后置定语
b. 拆
修饰成分
c. 找
主谓宾
d. 合:
将最开始去掉的部分一点点合并起来
1-1
If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held.
两个if条件状语从句
从句由if引导,从句是主系表结构,主语是the pores;
主句中 water为主语,exist为谓语, surface tension为宾补中的主体部分。
如果洞太大,里面的水会因为滴落过于猛烈使表面张力无法承受,水会流干,但是如果洞太小,里面的水会像薄膜一样存在,太轻柔以至于不能克服表面张力而待在原地,水会被强制地保存起来。
如果孔隙很大,其中的水就会以水滴的形式存在,因为水滴太重,表面张力无法容纳,所以会流走; 但如果孔隙足够小,其中的水就会以薄膜的形式存在,因为太轻而无法克服表面张力的作用; 然后水就会被牢牢地抓住。
Surface tension is not strong enough to retain drops of water in rocks with large pores but it is strong enough to hold on to thin films of water in tocks with small pores.
1-2
For example, some early societies ceased to consider certain rites essential to their well-being and abandoned them, nevertheless, they retained as parts of their oral tradition the myths that had grown up around the rites and admired them for their artistic qualities rather than for their religious usefulness.
完整的句子由三个主谓宾成分构成
主语:societies
谓语:consider + abandon + retain + admire
宾语:certain rites
retained引出的句子中,紫色部分为一个定语从句,解释前面的oral tradition口头传统,即围绕这些仪式产生的神话
admired引出的句子中,主语为早期社会(省略),谓语为admired,宾语为them,宾部为粉色部分,补充说明
例如,一些早期的社会
持续认为特定的地点对人类非常重要并且抛弃它们,然而,他们保留特定的地点作为传统的一部分,神话故事在这些地点周围传播,欣赏它们因为艺术品质而不是宗教用途。
例如,一些早期社会不再认为某些仪式对他们的福祉至关重要,并放弃了它们,然而,他们保留了口头传统的一部分,即围绕这些仪式产生的神话,他们钦佩这些仪式的艺术品质,而不是它们的宗教用途。
cease v.终止,结束 n.停止
rite n.(宗教等的)仪式;礼节,惯例
Myths sometimes survived in a society's tradition because of their artistic qualities even after they were no longer deemed religiously beneficial.
1-3
Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes.
主语:wind velocity
谓语: increase + cause
宾语:serious stress
伴随状语:with altitude
被动句改为主动句:the deformed shapes at high altitudes are making evident it.
主语:shapes
系动词:be made
标语:evident
风速通常随高度增加而增加可能会对树带来严重的压力,高处的树变形是其证据。
风速也随着海拔的增加而增加,可能会给树木造成严重的压力,这一点从高海拔地区树木的变形形状就可以明显看出。