一、问题背景

       在学习Python编程使用matplotlib时，总是提示:
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'numpy.core._multiarray_umath'
问题大致描述如下：

D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\Scripts\python.exe D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\part2\visable\tet.py 
Traceback (most recent call last):File "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py", line 24, in <module>from . import multiarrayFile "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\multiarray.py", line 10, in <module>from . import overridesFile "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\overrides.py", line 8, in <module>from numpy.core._multiarray_umath import (
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'numpy.core._multiarray_umath'During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:Traceback (most recent call last):File "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py", line 159, in <module>from numpy.__config__ import show as show_configFile "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\__config__.py", line 4, in <module>from numpy.core._multiarray_umath import (File "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py", line 50, in <module>raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THIS FOR ADVICE ON HOW TO SOLVE THIS ISSUE!Importing the numpy C-extensions failed. This error can happen for
many reasons, often due to issues with your setup or how NumPy was
installed.We have compiled some common reasons and troubleshooting tips at:https://numpy.org/devdocs/user/troubleshooting-importerror.htmlPlease note and check the following:* The Python version is: Python3.10 from "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\Scripts\python.exe"* The NumPy version is: "1.26.4"and make sure that they are the versions you expect.
Please carefully study the documentation linked above for further help.Original error was: No module named 'numpy.core._multiarray_umath'The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:Traceback (most recent call last):File "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\part2\visable\tet.py", line 1, in <module>import matplotlib.pyplot as pltFile "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\__init__.py", line 184, in <module>import numpyFile "D:\WorkSpace\PythonWorkSpace\Python编程-从入门到实践\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py", line 164, in <module>raise ImportError(msg) from e
ImportError: Error importing numpy: you should not try to import numpy fromits source directory; please exit the numpy source tree, and relaunchyour python interpreter from there.Process finished with exit code 1

二、解决思路

       上述错误的原因是找不到matplotlib所在包,类似于java中的找不到依赖,基于此种原因,有两个解决思路:

1. 首先应该确保已经正确安装呆matplotlib包,这样才能正确导入包
2. 确保项目所使用的Python编译器是我们本地安装的编译器

三、解决办法

3.1 安装matplotlib包

     安装matplotlib依赖命令如下:

python -m pip install --user matplotlib

3.2 检查项目编译器

       检查项目所使用的编译器,这一点尤为重要也很容易被我们忽略,我就是因为这一步卡了一天: 我们需要使用的是本机安装的Python编译器,不能使用项目中的编译器,如下图红框所示: